Spinning Systems
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This document discusses different types of spinning systems used to process staple fibers into yarns. It describes the main types as ring spinning, compact spinning, open end spinning, and air jet spinning. For each type, it provides information on the typical yarn count ranges, fiber properties required, and basic processing steps. It also compares the production efficiency and quality differences between conventional and modern spinning systems. Finally, it discusses important factors to consider regarding fiber quality and its impact on yarn quality and production costs.
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Spinning Systems
- 1. Spinning Systems Learning the differences
- 2. What is spinning? The act or processing of converting staple or short lengths of fiber into continuous yarns. Dictionary.com
- 4. Compact
- 5. Open End
- 7. Roving Yarn count ranges: 6’s to 250’s Fibers: (1) Long (2) Fine (3) Strong Ring Spinning
- 8. Yarn count range: 6’s to 250+ Fibers: (1) Long (2) Fine (3) Strong Roving air Perforated Drum Compact Spinning
- 9. Yarn Structure Compact Ring Spun - Siro Ring Spun
- 10. Ringspun yarn SwissCotton Royal Conventional Ring Spun Versus Siro
- 12. Less surface hairiness, clear mesh structure
- 13. Excellent evenness of knit fabrics
- 14. Less fiber accumulations knitted into the fabric
- 15. Luster
- 16. Great alternative to plied yarns
- 17. Less energy
- 18. Softer than plied yarns
- 20. Open End - Schlafhorst
- 21. Open End - Rieter
- 22. Typical yarn count range: 6’s to 30’s Fibers: (1) Fine (2) Strong (length is not as important as ring spinning) Rotor Yarn Package Feed Roll Sliver Condenser Transport Air Channel V df , M f Sliver Combing Roll Feed Plate Trash Open End Rotor Spinning
- 23. Typical yarn count range: 20’s to 60’s Fibers: (1) Long (2) Strong (length is not as important as ring spinning) Main Draft Back Roller b Middle Roller Apron Pressure H Front Roller k N1 N2 Spinning Tension Wrapping Fibers Parallel Fibers Core of Murata Air Jet Spinning
- 25. Murata Vortex
- 26. Rieter Air Jet Still very new in the market…
- 27. Roving Spinning Efficiency and Endsdown: Key Fiber Properties by the order of importance: Main Draft Rotor Yarn Package Back Roller b Middle Roller Apron Pressure H Front Roller Feed Roll k N1 Sliver Condenser Transport Air Channel V df N2 Spinning Tension , M f Fibers Wrapping Sliver Short Fiber length Trash content Roving twist level Trash content Short Fiber content Sliver Uniformity Trash content Short Fiber Content Sliver Uniformity Combing Roll Parallel Fibers Core of Feed Plate Trash Fiber Quality Impact
- 29. Different Yarn Counts = Different Quality Levels Do all yarns within the same spinning system require the same type and quality of fibers?
- 30. FQI Upland Cotton ELS Cotton Min 3.0 10.0 Max 10.0 15.0 FL = HVI Fiber Length (inch) FS = HVI Fiber Strength (g/tex) Mic = Micronaire Fiber Quality Index (FQI)
- 31. Different Yarn Counts Require Different Fiber Indexes
- 32. Fiber Quality Index vs. Yarn Count-Ring Spun & Rotor Spun Carded Yarns
- 33. Fiber Quality Index VS Yarn Count-Ring Spun & Compact Combed Yarn
- 34. Different Cotton can Result in substantial difference in Quality and Cost Is Cotton just Cotton or a Different Cotton can Make a World of Difference?
- 36. What questions should I ask? There are literally hundreds of variables in the spinning process which influence the outcome of fabric and garments.
- 37. Fiber Related Where is the source of fiber? Do you have a relationship with the fiber producer and spinner? What are the parameters in which the spinner purchases the fiber? Does the fiber perform to expectations in relation to yarn count and fabric properties? How is my garment impacted by fiber cost?
- 38. Machine Related Do you have a relationship with the machine manufacturer? What are the machine’s unique features? Does the manufacturer of the machines offer excellent service, adequate training, and able to respond quickly to parts and repair needs?
- 39. Supply Chain Related Is the spinner willing to partner with you and your the supply chain to improve the quality and performance of fabrics? Same goes with the machinery manufacturer? Will your fabric supplier be open to the idea of you stating the spinner you want to use? There may be bonds which need to be broken for this to happen..
- 40. Credits Dr. Yehia El-Mogahzy,Auburn University yehiae@eng.auburn.edu Rob Beal, Oerlikon rob.beals@oerlikon.com Mark Lingerfelt, Muratec mlingerfelt@muratec-usa.com Hans Rothen, Rieter Hans.rothen@rieter.com
Editor's Notes
- 1:00 PM Innovations in Knitwear: Yarn Spinning David Sasso, Vice President of Sales, Buhler Yarns – Jefferson, GA, USA Learn the differences between open-end, ring-spun, compact, and air-jet spinning from a knitting industry veteran of 25 years. How do these spinning techniques impact price, torquing, pilling,and strength? What are some new technologies in the yarn market? Learn to ask the right questions of your suppliers to get the knit fabric to meet your expectations.
- The act or process of converting staple or short lengths of fiber into continuous yarn.”
- * - Some manufacturers do 2 or 3 process drawing to achieve maximum blending, fiber parallel, and silver mass uniformity (CVm). Also, many companies have equipment to do a intimate blend. By this, the fibers are blended prior to carding.
- Compact spinning requires more maintenance and energythan conventional ring spun mainly because the fibers are compacted by using suction through the perforated drum. If the holes get clogged, then the yarn is not compacted. This would show up as a form of barre in the fabric. There are detection devices called clearers which can look for an increase of yarn hairiness and/or yarn diameter.
- There is another type spinning technology in the ring spun category which is called Siro. Explain the advantages of a siro.
- So many companiesstop short of