Spinning is the first steps of textile product processing. The process of making yarns from the textile fiber is called spinning. There are various types of spinning techniques for producing various types of yarn.

1. Course no – te 3101
course title– yarn manufacturing engineering-|
department of Textile engineering
Khulna universityof engineering and technology

2. Muhi Uddin Ahmed
ID - 1221055
Rajib Kabiraj
ID - 1221059
Md. Enamul Haque
ID - 1221006
Akash Sarker
ID - 1221004
Presented by-
NAJMUL HOSSAIN RIMON
ID - 1221058
Bijay Kumar
ID - 1221049

4. Content of the
presentation-

5. Spinning Techniques
Spinning is the first steps of textile product processing. The process
of making yarns from the textile fiber is called spinning. There are
various types of spinning techniques for producing various types of
yarn.

6. Different Spinning Techniques
Here are various spinning techniques –
 Ring and traveller spinning
 Open end spinning
 Self-twist spinning
 Twist-less spinning
 Core spinning

7. Different Spinning Techniques
This is a system for yarn formation involving either continuous
felting or the permanent or temporary adhesive bonding of fibers
together to form a continuous length.
TWISTLESS SPINNING TECHNIQUES

8. TWISTLESS SPINNING TECHNIQUES
 In twistless systems liquid or powdered polymer adhesives are
applied to sliver
 The adhesive activated by heating or steam to cause the
individual fibers to adhere to one another
 In some systems, after textile substrate formation from the
twistless yarns the adhesive is removed to improve the aesthetics
of the resulting textile
 Adhesives used include polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol. and
starch
CHARACTERISTICS

9. TWISTLESS SPINNING TECHNIQUES
Fig:TwistlessspinningTechniques
(Twilo)
MACHINERY USED AND ARRANGEMENTS

10. TWISTLESS SPINNING TECHNIQUES
 During spinning (figure) the prepared sliver is first
wetted out by passing it through a water bath after
which it is drafted using a conventional high draft
three roller system.
 A false twister immediately after the front roller keeps the fibres
together as they pass through the drying unit, after which the yarn
is packaged.
MACHINERY USED AND ARRANGEMENTS

11. TWISTLESS SPINNING TECHNIQUES
 The product speciality of this technique is that finer yarns can be
spun from coarser fibres, as coarser fibres are generally less
expensive.
 In this process, cotton and pure synthetic fibres can be processed,
and so can blends.
 The range of fibre linear density lies between 1.4 and 6 dtex, with
staple lengths in the range 30-80 mm
PRODUCT SPECIALITY

12. TWISTLESS SPINNING TECHNIQUES
 The yam is not round but flat and therefore gives an end product
with high covering power
 The yam is stiff with low elongation
 The evenness corresponds to that of ring-spun yam
 The wet-ability of twist-less yarn fabrics are comparatively high
than normal fabrics
 The twist-less yarn is very bulky than a normal twisted yarn
PROPERTY OF PRODUCTS

13. TWISTLESS SPINNING TECHNIQUES
 In this method, which is used on machinery made by
Signaalapparaten, of Holland.
 The Suppliers of this machinery is “the Vezelinstitut TNO”
Holland.
MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS

14. OPEN END SPINNING
Definition:
Open-end spinning or break spinning is a process in which fibrous material is highly
drafted, ideally to the individual fiber state, creating a break in the continuum of the
fiber mass. The individual fibers are subsequently collected onto the open end of a
yarn that is rotated to twist the fibers into the yarn structure to form a continuous yarn
length. The length of yarn spun is then wound to form a package. Thus, the twisting
action occurs simultaneously but separately from winding.
Techniques :
A number of spinning techniques exploit the OE method,18but only two have achieved
commercial success: rotor spinning and friction spinning. Of the two, rotor spinning is
the more widely used commercially, because a wider range of yarn counts can be spun
with suitable yarn properties
Twist :
Z + wrapped for both techniques.
Trade name :
Rotor spinning = various,
Friction spinning = Dref 2

15. OPEN END SPINNING
ROTOR SPINNING:
1. The feed roller and feed plate
2. A saw-tooth or pin covered roller called an opening roller
3. A tapered tube termed the fiber transport channel
4. A shallow cup, called a rotor (A groove is cut into the circumference at the maximum internal radius
of the rotor and is referred to as the rotor groove.)
5. A flanged tube facing the rotor base and coaxial to the rotor, termed the doffing tube
FRICTION SPINNING:
1. Card Drum
2. Inlet System
3. Air Current
4. Spinning Drum
5. Parallelizer
6. Outlet Roller
7. Winding Device
Machinery used and Arrangements

16. OPEN END SPINNING
ROTOR SPUN YARN:
 High delivery speeds;
 Low yarn production costs (lower than those of
ring spinning);
 Elimination of rewinding;
 Low end breakage rates;
 Yarn character similar to that of ring-spun yarn;
 No wrapping fibers
 Optically good mass evenness (well suited to
knitted goods);
 Smooth yarn appearance.
FRICTION SPUN YARN :
 DREF yarns have bulky appearance. (100-140%
bulkier than the ring spun yarns).
 Rayon and Kevlar can be spun using this method
 A high % age of core have a high stiffness.
 The twist is not uniform and found with loopy
yarn surface.
 Only 60% of the tenacity of ring-spun yarns and
about 90% of rotor spun-yarns.
 Provides a good platform for production
of core spun yarns due to its spinning principle.
 Outstanding abrasion resistance,
 Consistence performance in sewing operation,
Product Speciality

17. OPEN END SPINNING
ROTOR SPUN YARN :
Rotor yarn is coarser than carded or combed yarn.
 The count of rotor yarn is very low. (Most of rotor
yarn count is below 20’s but highest yarn count may
be 40’s .)
 Coarser fabric is formed by rotor yarn.
 Most of the jeans or pant is made by rotor yarn.
 Denim is fully depends on rotor yarn.
 The price of rotor yarn fabric is very low than
combed and carded yarn fabric.
 Lower Breaking strength.
 Higher Elongation at break
 Better Mass irregularity ( over short lengths)
 Lower imperfection index
 Abrasion resistance higher
 Stiffness higher
Hand feel harder
FRICTION SPUN YARN:
Low tensile strength
Good uniformity.
 High production rates.
technical core wrapped yarns.
can be spun from asbestos, carbon fibers.
 Usually weak as compared to other yarns.
 Better cohesion between the core and Sheath
and within the sheath.
 Low manufacturing cost.
 Possibility for automation.
Ideal wash and wear performance and permane
nt.
 Excellent resistance to perspiration
Adequate elasticity for the stretch requirements.
Property of Product

18. OPEN END SPINNING
Cotton rotor spinning machine open end
Brand Name : Runxin
Manufacturer: Shandong, China (Mainland)
Suppliers :Wangtai,Jiaonan,Qingdao,China
Yarn counts :0-24 pcs
Prize : US $130,000 - 170,000 / Set
Rotor Spinning Production Line TJ-008A (
Spinning Machine )
Brand Name : TONGJIA
Manufacturer: Shandong, China (Mainland)
Suppliers :Wangtai,Jiaonan,Qingdao,China
Yarn counts :0-24 pcs
Prize : : US $200,000 - 320,000 / Set
Prize of the set up and the products with Manufacturers & Suppliers

19. OPEN END SPINNING
Friction Spinning Machine for mop yarn
Brand Name : Runxin
Manufacturer: Shandong, China (Mainland)
Suppliers :Wangtai,Jiaonan,Qingdao,China
Production Capacity:95%-100%
Prize : :US $60,000 - 70,000 / Set
Prize of the set up and the products with Manufacturers & Suppliers

20. OPEN END SPINNING
Green cotton open end rotor yarn
Brand Name: Lilong
Prize : US $0.7 - 2 / Kilogram
Type : Cotton Blended Yarn
Feature: Eco-Friendly, Recycled
Count : 5s-32s
Evenness: 1.2%
Manufacturer: Xinjiang, China (Mainland
Suppliers: Xinjiang, China (Mainland
NE16/1 cotton rotor spinning yarn
Brand Name: MingWei
Prize : US $0.7 - 2 / Kilogram
Type : 100% Cotton
Feature: Eco-Friendly, Anti-Pilling
Count :16/1
Evenness : 1.2%
Manufacturer: Xinjiang, China (Mainland
Suppliers: Xinjiang, China (Mainland
Prize of the set up and the products with Manufacturers & Suppliers

21. OPEN END SPINNING
Prize of the set up and the products with Manufacturers & Suppliers
Recycled friction spun mop yarn cotton
mop yarn for mop from china
Brand Name: Lilong
Prize :US $1,170 - 1,200 / Ton
Type :Polyester Blended Yarn
Feature: Eco-Friendly, Moisture
Absorbent,recycled,
Count : 1.2s-0.8ss
Evenness : good
Manufacturer: Xinjiang, China (Mainland
Suppliers: Xinjiang, China (Mainland
Friction spun yarn for making mop
Brand Name: chengyu
Prize :US $0.95 - 1.56 / Kilogram
Type : Cotton Blended Yarn
Feature:Anti-Bacteria, Anti-Static, Eco-
Friendly,
Count :0.5 ne to 30 ne
Evenness: 1.2%
Manufacturer: Xinjiang, China (Mainland
Suppliers: Xinjiang, China (Mainland

22. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
Definition:
A process of spinning in which the yarn is twisted while passing
through a small metal device traveling rapidly around a ring in the
operation of winding the into bobbin.
History of Ring spinning Machine :
The ring spinning machine was first invented in 1828 by the
American Thorp. In 1830, another American scientist, Jenk,
contributed the traveler rotating on the ring. There have been many
development has done in ring spinning machine for the last years
but the basic concept remained unchanged.

23. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
Operations involved in Ring frame:
Creeling
Drafting
Twisting
Winding
Doffing
MECHANISM

24. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
Various components of Ring Frame
• Thread guide:
It is a yarn guide made by bending a wire named snail wire.
Functions:
Its main function is to guide the yarn thus maintain the security
of the yarn.
• It prevents yarn collision with adjacent yarns.
• It surface should be smooth to prevent rubbing of yarn. Rubbing
creates yarn hairiness.
Spindle:
The spindle is the main part of a ring frame which helps in
twisting, winding .

25. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
Functions of spindle:
 Twisting and winding is performed by spindle.
 It holds the bobbin.
 The capacity of ring frame is mainly determine by the number of
spindle
Ring:
The ring are made of low carbon steel i.e. soft steel or ceramic.
Function:
There are some important functions of ring. These are given below:-
Ring guides the circular run of the traveler.
It also helps in twisting by means of running of the traveler.
It also acts as a track of traveler.

26. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
Classification of ring:
A) According to origin or element:- i. Metallic ring, ii. Ceramic ring
B) According to number of flange:- i. Single flange ring, ii. Double flange ring
Flange:
The path of traveler on the ring is called flange. It may be single or double
Traveler:
Traveler is the most tinny and simple mechanical element in ring frame which
carries the most important function like simultaneous twisting, winding,
thread guide etc.
Function of traveller:
Traveler does some important in ring frame. These are mentioned below:-
Twisting on the drafted strand of fibre.
Winding of the yarn on the bobbin.

27. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
• Maintain winding tension of the yarn by the frictional resistance
between the ring and the traveler. It acts as a guide for yarn on
the way to be wound on the bobbin.
• Types of traveller:
Travelers can be classified into following two ways:-
A) According to shape:-
C – traveller Elliptical traveller
• B) According to the X-section of wire:
Round traveller Flat traveller Semi-circular traveller

28. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
• Apron:
Rubber Apron is made of synthetic rubber material, with excellent wear-resistance/oil-
resistance/ageing-resistance and smooth surface. In addition, it is of good stability,
flexibility & wide application. It is used in drafting system of ring frame and some other
modern drafting system in spinning machine. It contains cradle for guiding its direction
of length
• Rubber cot:
It is one type of synthetic rubber material which is used in top rollers of ring frame
drafting system. The rubber cots also used on drawing frames, combing machines &
spinning frames. Its hardness can be varied. The hardness of rubber cots is expressed
by degree. Generally harder cots are used in the back rollers and softer rollers are used
in front rollers.
Production Quality:
Twist type: S or Z
Count Range(Tex): 300-5
Production speed(m/min): 35-45

29. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
Major manufacturer of Ring frame:
Lakshmi Machinery Works Limited, India
Price:
Toyoda Textile Machinery , Japan
Price: $20000-40000
Rieter Machine Works Limited, Switzerland
Price: $25000-45000
Suessen Gmbh, Germany
Price: $35000-40000
China Textile Machinery Group co. Limited, china
Price: $17000-35000

30. Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES
Advantage of Ring Spinning System:
Any type of material (fibre) can be spun
• Wide range of count can be processed
• It delivers a yarn with optimum characteristics.
• Idealized twisting system
• It is uncomplicated and easy to operate
• Higher yarn strength can be achieved
Disadvantages of Ring Spinning System:
Low production
• Machine generates more heat
Limitations:
In ring spinning machine twisting and winding are done
simultaneously. That’s why the power consumption is higher.

31. Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUES
 Self-twist spinning is the process that involves inserting
alternating S and Z twist in the fibre strands that come from
the drafting system. This is done by passing the slivers
between the draft rollers which rotate along the axes as they
rotate to deliver the threads.
 The self-twist spinning method provides a concept whereby
two strands can be twisted and plied in a single-stage
process to give a torque-balanced two-fold yarn suitable for
knitting. The method is based on the false-twist principle.

32. Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUES
o A pairs of roving are fed onto the drafting rollers in such a way that
the last set reciprocates axially.
o The roving slivers are drawn out on succession of these drafting
rollers. The action of the drafting rollers causes a rolling action of
the strands as they emerge.
o The side ways movement of the roller causes the stands to wrap
around each other.
o After the rollers complete their side ways motion in one direction,
the movement is then shifted in the opposite direction.
o The resultant yarn therefore has alternating sections of right and left
hand twist.
Machinery used :

33. Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUES
o The machine itself is a small high productive unit. lt has four
spinning heads and a delivery Speed of 220 m/min. Although
some Versions were developed to run at higher Speeds
o The machine is simple to operate and maintain. A 2 kW motor is
required to drive the machine (including compressed air).
o The machine can be installed and will be running in about 8
hours.
Machinery used :

34. Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUES
o Often two yarns are twisted together, termed doubling or
plying, in order to improve yarn properties, in particular
yarn evenness, or to overcome downstream processing
difficulties, for example in weaving worsted fabric where
the warp yarns are not sized and therefore a low yarn
hairiness and high abrasion resistance are important.
Because of the cost issue of an additional processing
stage (i.e. doubling) various techniques have been
developed which simulate a two-fold yarn using the ring
spinning method.

35. Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUES
 Each of the yarn strand contains twist.
 Twist in a self-twist yarn is described in turns per l/2 cycle, that is the
number of turns in each section of S and Z twist.
 The twist level will also increase as the yarn becomes finer.
 Originally Self-Twist yarns were used in the weavrng trade and were
subjected to a further twisting Operation after the self twist machine.
 When used in knitting applications the unidirectional twist in these
yarns prevented them from producing satisfactory fabrics or garments.
property of products

36. Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUES
 The key to the System is that, before the false twist
escape, the two sfrands are brought together to lie
parallel. When the false twist escapes, the rotation of
the two yarn,s Causes them to wrap around each
other, preventing the false twist from dissipating and
so forming a balanced two-fold structure of
alternating S and Z two-fold twist.
Products speciality

37. Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUES
Energy cost
Self-Twist £ 2270 ;Conventional £4819
Cost for the set up and products

38. Core Spinning Techniques
Core spinning is a special type of spinning where fiber
is wrapped around a filament. The filament acts as the
core and fiber acts as sheath. There are many types of
core spinning techniques, Few are:
• Ring core spinning
• Rotor core spinning
• Composite electrostatic core spinning
Energy cost
Self-Twist £ 2270 ;Conventional £4819
Core Spinning

39. Core Spinning Techniques
Energy cost
Self-Twist £ 2270 ;Conventional
£4819
In rotor core spinning the basic spinning
technique is rotor spinning, where core
spinning attachments are added.
ROTOR CORE SPINNINGRing core spinning
In ring core spinning the basic spinning
technique is ring spinning, where core
spinning attachments are added.

40. Core Spinning Techniques
Energy cost
Self-Twist £ 2270 ;Conventional
£4819
• Core spinning technique unveiled
path for new products including high
performance textiles, sewing thread
in garment manufacturing.
• Exceptional streangth
• Outstanding abrasion resistance
• Elasticity in stretch requirements
• Excellent resistance in perspiration
ADVANTAGES OF CORE
SPUN YARN
Properties of Core spun yarn
Most important thing about core spun
yarn is that it shows property from both
its core and sheath.
For example:
Cotton does not have good elasticity but
when core spun with spandex, it has a
very good elastic from spandex as well
as absorbency form cotton.
.

41. Core Spinning Techniques
Manufacturer, Supplier, Prize
Manufacturer & Supplier:
G-Tex
Habei, China.
$1.4-2.1 per kilogram
Sunheri Texcraft PVT. LTD.
India.
$1-1.5 per kilogram
Jawala Poly Thread
India
$1.2-1.8 per kilogram
Ilshin Spinning Co. Limited
South Korea
Guangzhou Renhui Trading & Developing Co.
Limited
China
Chonbang Company
South korea
Apollo Textile Mills Limited
Pakistan

42. 1.Tackling spindle under windings Reiter
SERVOgrip
2.Rieter Individual Spindle
Monitoring (ISM)
Development of ring spinning techniques

43. 3.Rieter G36 ring spinning machine
 Economy
 Quality
 Flexibility
Consist of-
1. Circular superconductor and
2. A durable magnet ring
4.Innovative twisting system based on
superconducting technology
Development of ring spinning techniques

44. 1.AUTOCRO 8 automatic rotor spinning machine
♣ designed for rotor motor speeds of 200,000 rpm
♣ up to 25% more productive
♣ digital yarn splicing technology
♣ The most flexible rotor spinning machine in the world
♣ Maximum economic efficiency
Fig: AUTOCRO 8 automatic rotor spinning machine
Development of rotor spinning techniques

45. 2. Rieter R 40 rotor spinning
machine
Development of rotor spinning techniques
Optimal combination of leading technology and
modern machine concept
Superior yarn quality with the most advanced spinning
box technology
Best spinning stability for highest production speed
Four robots option to increase efficiency with coarse
yarn counts
Highest speed and efficiency with state-of-the-art
robotic automation
Low production cost with efficient energy saving
Fig: Rieter R 40 rotor spinning machine

46. Development of core spinning techniques

47. THANK YOU ALL