Pile fabrics: Manufacturing methods include woven pile fabric formation & others methods such as knit pile fabric, tufted pile fabrics etc. A "Terry" or a "Terry Towel" as is generally known is a woven pile fabric formed by slack tension weave process. of weaving.
Terry fabric is a knitted fabric with ring yarn or terry covering at one or both sides. It belongs to one of the fancy knitted fabrics. Terry fabric is characterized by soft touch, thick texture, excellent water absorption and heat retention. Terry fabric can be divided into single-sided and double-sided terry loop fabrics. The terry can form pattern effect on the knitting surface distributed according to some certain rules. Terry fabric after shearing or other process can be turned into fleece fabric or velvet fabric.
Terry fabric is a knitted fabric with ring yarn or terry covering at one or both sides. It belongs to one of the fancy knitted fabrics. Terry fabric is characterized by soft touch, thick texture, excellent water absorption and heat retention. Terry fabric can be divided into single-sided and double-sided terry loop fabrics. The terry can form pattern effect on the knitting surface distributed according to some certain rules. Terry fabric after shearing or other process can be turned into fleece fabric or velvet fabric.
VDQ pulley (Variable Dia for Quality Pulley): It is a very important part of the machine. It controls the quality of the product. Altering the position of the tension pulley changes the G.S.M. of the fabric.
Warp knitting is a family of knitting methods in which the yarn zigzags along the length of the fabric, i.e., following adjacent columns ("wales") of knitting, rather than a single row ("course"). For comparison, knitting across the width of the fabric is called weft knitting.Warp knitting machines--needles are mounted collectively and rigidly in a horizontal metal bar (the needle bar that runs the full knitting width of the machine).
Warp knitting is a family of knitting methods in which the yarn zigzags along the length of the fabric, i.e., following adjacent columns ("wales") of knitting, rather than a single row ("course"). For comparison, knitting across the width of the fabric is called weft knitting
In weft knitting, the loops are formed across width of the fabric Each weft thread is fed , more or less at right angles to the direction in which the fabric is produced.Weft-knit fabrics may also be knit with multiple yarns, usually to produce interesting color patterns.
Hairiness is characterized by the quantity of freely moving fibre ends or fibre loops projecting from a yarn or textile fabric (woven, knitted or non woven fabrics).
In term of measurement Hairiness corresponds to the total length of the protruding fibres in unit length of one centimeter.
The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It is done after dying and before delivery to market. Various types of parameters are controlled during finishing section considering buyer requirement. The term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc. But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after bleaching and dyeing. However, fabrics which are neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.
VDQ pulley (Variable Dia for Quality Pulley): It is a very important part of the machine. It controls the quality of the product. Altering the position of the tension pulley changes the G.S.M. of the fabric.
Warp knitting is a family of knitting methods in which the yarn zigzags along the length of the fabric, i.e., following adjacent columns ("wales") of knitting, rather than a single row ("course"). For comparison, knitting across the width of the fabric is called weft knitting.Warp knitting machines--needles are mounted collectively and rigidly in a horizontal metal bar (the needle bar that runs the full knitting width of the machine).
Warp knitting is a family of knitting methods in which the yarn zigzags along the length of the fabric, i.e., following adjacent columns ("wales") of knitting, rather than a single row ("course"). For comparison, knitting across the width of the fabric is called weft knitting
In weft knitting, the loops are formed across width of the fabric Each weft thread is fed , more or less at right angles to the direction in which the fabric is produced.Weft-knit fabrics may also be knit with multiple yarns, usually to produce interesting color patterns.
Hairiness is characterized by the quantity of freely moving fibre ends or fibre loops projecting from a yarn or textile fabric (woven, knitted or non woven fabrics).
In term of measurement Hairiness corresponds to the total length of the protruding fibres in unit length of one centimeter.
The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It is done after dying and before delivery to market. Various types of parameters are controlled during finishing section considering buyer requirement. The term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc. But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after bleaching and dyeing. However, fabrics which are neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.
Modern looms still weave by repeating in sequence the operations of shedding, picking, and beating. In weaving technology, modern looms means shuttle less loom. Air jet and Rapier both are performed automatically with high production and commonly used in Bangladesh.
A terry towel is a textile product which is made with loop pile on one or both sides generally covering the entire surface or forming strips, checks or other patterns. Special type of weaving technique is required for terry towel manufacturing. Terry towels are often very complex with yarns of different types and colors, in combination with various loop pile and flat structures. The name "terry" comes from the word "tirer" which means to pull out, referring to the pulled out by hand to make absorbent traditional. Turkish toweling Latin "vellus" meaning hair has the derivation "velour" which is the toweling with cut loops.There are many types of towel. Baby Towel, Bath Towel, Beach Towels, Golf Towels ,Hand Towel and Hotel Towels now used commonly.
Yarn printing means the localized application of dyes or pigment and chemicals by any method which can produce particular effect of color on the yarn or onto a yarn package according to the design. Yarn printing is also known as “Space Dyeing”. Although the printing of yarns for true patterned effects proved very difficult tom control, the random space-dyed effects that can be more readily attained by a variety of yarn-printing methods have continued to be popular.
Picanol introduces a truly new generation of airjet weaving machines, combining the latest available technology with over 30 years of experience in airjet weaving. A completely new electronic control platform, integrating state-of-the-art hard- and software, has been combined with a revolutionary new insertion system.
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3. Terry cloth:
• A terry cloth is a fabric which is made with loop pile on one
or both sides generally covering the entire surface or forming
patterns and are used for their absorbency properties.
• When a terry is woven on a terry loom it is only in loop pile
form but after taken off the loom, it can be converted into
cut pile or both to produce diferent characterstics fabric.
4. • In the production of terry fabrics two warps are processed
simultaneously: the ground warp with tautly tensioned ends
and the pile warp with lightly tensioned ends.
• A special weaving method enables loops to be formed with
the lightly tensioned warp ends on the fabric surface. With
the basic method known as three-pick terry, three picks form
a pick group.
• By means of a special device on the weaving machine, two
picks are inserted at a variable distance –the loose pick
distance – from the cloth fell. The loose pick distance is varied
according to the desired pile height.
5. 1. Pile warp beam
2. Guide roller
3. Pile tensioning beam
4. Ground warp tensioner
5. Ground warp stop motion
6. Pile warp stop motion
7. Ground warp beam
8. Sley gear with dynamic drive
9. Cloth take up roller
10. Cloth beam
11. Shed formation by
a shedding device
Rapier terry weaving machine- With sley drive mechanism to form sculptured
effect by varying pile heights through changing the position of sley at beat up.
6. • This represents a three pick terry woven on a terry loom,
• The two picks are bounded by plain weave construction and
the pile forming yarn forms the float of two picks and is
immediately bound by the third single pick .
• So that when the pick is beaten at the third pick by a special
reed; the float then forms the loop pile.
7. Sculptured terry can be manufactured at two stages of terry
cloth manufacturing-
• During weaving: 3,4,5 or higher pick groups are manufactured
simultaneously on the loom to produce terry with diferrent
plie heights and thus forming a sculptured fabric.
• During finishing i.e after weaving : the simply woven terry
fabric is embossed according to design, the loops that remain
taut are sheared(cut) and the pile area that flattens are
brushed to form high or low sculptured effect.
Long loops
Short loops
8. • This is a seven pick terry design used for sculptured terry production.
• Two separate loose pick group are inserted for varying pile height as
decided by the warp float.
• They are fully beaten at the seventh pick and sixth pick to form large and
small loops.
• In this design –two pile warp and two ground warp are taking part to form
loops above and below by keeping them up or down during weaving
through their individual harnesses.
1st pile warp
2nd pile warp
reed
picksLoop from 1st pile warp
Loops from 2nd pile warp
Ground warps
10. • Terry plus 800,Picanol,Belgium
• Picanol 2004, from Belgium
• Tsudakoma 2005, from Japan
• Terry version of G6200 rapier weaving machine, Sulzer Textil,
Switzerland
11. • Textiles, fifth edition by Norma Hollen, Jane Saddler, Anna L
Langford
• Magazine-terry fabrics with exclusive pattern, Sulzer Technical
Review 2/98
• Handbook of Weaving, Sulzer, by Sabit Adanur, Ph.D