Pile fabrics: Manufacturing methods include woven pile fabric formation & others methods such as knit pile fabric, tufted pile fabrics etc. A "Terry" or a "Terry Towel" as is generally known is a woven pile fabric formed by slack tension weave process. of weaving.
Pile fabrics: Manufacturing methods include woven pile fabric formation & others methods such as knit pile fabric, tufted pile fabrics etc. A "Terry" or a "Terry Towel" as is generally known is a woven pile fabric formed by slack tension weave process. of weaving.
You can find the diffences between mechanical and electronical dobby mechanisms in principle in this presentation.
Also , you can reach the details of dobby mechanisms type like as of single , double and negative dobby systems.
The compact spinning is a process where fiber strand drawn by drafting system is condensed before twisting it.Following methods are used by machine manufacturers to condense the fiber strand.
1. Aerodynamic condensing.
2. Mechanical condensing.
3. Magnetic condensing.
Compact spinning has a promising future because of the higher production and improved quality of compact yarns
Picking Mechanism | Beat Up Mechanism | Over Picking Under Picking MechanismMd Rakibul Hassan
Study On Picking Mechanism & Beat Up Mechanism
Content:
Over Picking Mechanism
Under Picking Mechanism
Difference between Over picking and Under picking mechanism
Picking Faults
Beat-up Mechanism
Classification of Beat-up
Drawframe is one of the important machines in yarn spinning line. It is prepared for combining and drawing slivers and removing card irregularities of textile fibres.
Belt conveyor system_Advanced Construction Technology (Semester-6), Civil Eng...A Makwana
One of the most common form of material handling system used in mining industries and in construction projects.
Capable of conveying large quantities of material continuously over long distances at a fast speed.
You can find the diffences between mechanical and electronical dobby mechanisms in principle in this presentation.
Also , you can reach the details of dobby mechanisms type like as of single , double and negative dobby systems.
The compact spinning is a process where fiber strand drawn by drafting system is condensed before twisting it.Following methods are used by machine manufacturers to condense the fiber strand.
1. Aerodynamic condensing.
2. Mechanical condensing.
3. Magnetic condensing.
Compact spinning has a promising future because of the higher production and improved quality of compact yarns
Picking Mechanism | Beat Up Mechanism | Over Picking Under Picking MechanismMd Rakibul Hassan
Study On Picking Mechanism & Beat Up Mechanism
Content:
Over Picking Mechanism
Under Picking Mechanism
Difference between Over picking and Under picking mechanism
Picking Faults
Beat-up Mechanism
Classification of Beat-up
Drawframe is one of the important machines in yarn spinning line. It is prepared for combining and drawing slivers and removing card irregularities of textile fibres.
Belt conveyor system_Advanced Construction Technology (Semester-6), Civil Eng...A Makwana
One of the most common form of material handling system used in mining industries and in construction projects.
Capable of conveying large quantities of material continuously over long distances at a fast speed.
It is power point presentation on belt and chain drive. you can find working and mechanism of chain and belt drive and their advantage and disadvantages.....enjoy.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Introduction:
Picking is the 2nd primary motion in weaving.
The action of inserting weft yarn through the warp yarns is
called picking.
The objectives of picking mechanism are:
* To propel the weft carrying element (shuttle, projectile or
rapier) along the correct trajectory .
* To throw the weft carrying element at a predetermined
speed.
3. Types of weft insertion in weaving
Weft Insertion
Conventional
Shuttle
Over pick
Under
pick
Un
conventional
Projectile Rapier Air jet Water jet
4. Mechanism of picking
1st method:
• Mechanisms will generate the energy for picking when it is
required
• Done by means of cam to displace the picker.
– Example : shuttle loom
2nd method:
• Mechanisms will generate the energy required for picking
and stored in springs or torsions and release it suddenly
when it required
– Example : Projectile loom
5. Ideal picking
• Should have minimum consumption of power
• Should have minimum momentum of a shuttle on entering into
shuttle box (i.e. at checking)
• Kinetic energy in the picking mechanism should remain
constant irrespective of fluctuation in the speed and variation in
shuttle weight
• Shuttle should have slow speed at start, high at middle and
again slow at other end
• Shuttle should be under complete control
• Picking and checking mechanism should be integrated so that
kinetic energy of shuttle as it enters a box can be utilized for
subsequent picking instead of dissipating as a heat and noise.
This will reduce the power required for picking
6. Complexities of shuttle propulsion
• A shuttle weighting about half Kg is used to insert a weft yarn
weighting only a few grams
• During shuttle movement, it follows a complex path in all the
three axis with the motion of sley
• If there is a variation in loom speed resulting in a variation in
picking force
• If there is a variation in the checking and leads to variation in
shuttle speed
• Shuttle is accelerated from rest to a speed of 10 – 15 m/s in a
distance of only 15 – 20 cm.
7. Mechanism in shuttle loom
• The energy generated by the cam is used to displace
the picker against the inertial resistance offered by
the shuttle
• The shuttle speed varies with the loom speed
• The force acting on the shuttle tends to increase to
a maximum about the half way through the period
of acceleration.
• Then to decrease to zero at the instant at which the
shuttle loses contact with the picker.
8. Timing diagram
Picking occupies
1/3 of loom timing in a cycle
Picking and Checking
• 80°-110° : Picking mechanism operates
• 105°-110° : Shuttle enters in the shed
• 240°-250° : Shuttle leaves the shed
• 270° : Shuttle strikes the swell in the shuttle box
• 300° : Shuttle comes to rest
10. • A picking cam attached to bottom shaft displaces the picking
cone (picking cone) which is attached with the picking shaft.
• This causes rotation of the picking shaft. As a result, the
picking stick attached to the picking shaft swing in a horizontal
plane over the loom .
• This motion is further transferred to the picker by the picking
strap.
• The picker is constrained by the spindle to move in a straight
line which otherwise would have followed a path of arc.
• Finally, picker hits the shuttle and passed through
the warp shed.
• It is robust and easy to adjust and maintain.
Mechanism of Over Picking
11. How to Increase PPM:
- By increasing motor speed.
- By setting the cone stud nearer to the picking tappet.
- By decreasing the picking strap.
- By altering the position of picking arm towards the centre
of the loom.
- By decreasing the length of the stroke of picking tappet.
13. Phases in shuttle movement
• There are 3 phases in weft
carrier motion
– Acceleration
– Free flight
– Checking ( Retardation)
14. Initial speed of shuttle
• It is a speed at the instant, shuttle leaves the picker and starts
its free flight.
• Initial speed of shuttle should be almost equal to the average
shuttle speed.
• Unless the shuttle is seriously impeded by the top shed.
15. Relation between Shuttle Velocity and Loom Speed
Let us assume the following notations:
P = Loom speed (picks/min.) or number of revolution of
crank shaft/min.
R = Width of the reed (m)
v = Average shuttle velocity (m/s)
L = Effective length of shuttle (m)
θ = Degree of crank shaft rotation available for the passage
of the shuttle through the shed.
t = time required for the shuttle passage through the shed (s)
– Now the distance covered by the shuttle in t sec = (R+L) m
16.
17. Power Required for Picking
• The energy used to accelerate the shuttle is equal to its
kinetic energy when it leaves the picker
18. Cost of power required for picking
• From the previous equation 7, for a given width of loom,
the power required for picking is proportional to the cube of loom speed
(picks/min).
• if the loom speed is increased by 20%,
– the power requirement for picking will increase by 73%
• (1.23 times = 1.728 times).
– the productivity of fabric (m/min) will also increase by 20% due to
increase loom speed.
– So, power cost per unit length (m) of fabric will increase by 44%
(1.728/1.2 times).
Power of picking is also influenced as follows.
• Increases linearly with the mass of the shuttle.
• Increases proportionately with the square of loom width
• Decreases proportionately with the square of degree of crank shaft
rotation available for the passage of the shuttle through the shed
19. Nominal Vs Actual Displacement of Shuttle
during Picking
• If the loom is turned over slowly by hand, the profile of cam
gives the nominal movement to shuttle when all the flexible
parts become rigid. This movement is called nominal
displacement.
• But, in actual running, the displacement differs from nominal
because all the parts become flexible. Under actual running
condition of loom is known as actual displacement of shuttle.
• This study is more useful for the machine designer to get better
understanding of movement of shuttle.
22. Mechanism used in projectile loom
• The generated energy is stored in a spring or torsion rod and
release it suddenly when required.
• Because the energy is released suddenly, the weft carrier
speed is independent of the loom speed.
• The force exerted by the torsion rod is greatest at the instant
of release and decreases steadily to zero.
• In this mechanism, we can obtain more uniform acceleration
is achieved.
23. Features of projectile picking
• Picking unit and projectile receiving unit is separated from
moving sley.
• The weft is drawn directly from a large, stationary cross
wound package. No pirn winding
• Projectile is picked across the warp at very high speed.
• Small amount of shed opening is sufficient to pass the small
projectile
• Projectile runs in a steel guides, so that warp threads are not
touched neither by projectile nor by weft thread
29. Velocity and acceleration of projectile
• The velocity is continuously
varying through out the
projectile movement.
• Acceleration of projectile
occupies only 0.007 sec.
• Retardation of projectile
takes longer time and
projectile comes to rest in
gentle manner.