This document summarizes the development and applications of AirJet spinning technology. It discusses how AirJet spinning addresses limitations of other spinning systems like ringspinning and rotorspinning. AirJet spinning produces yarns with properties similar to ringspun yarns but with higher productivity. The technology is now well-established for cellulosic fibers and expanding into new count ranges and fiber blends. Applications include knit fabrics and developments show potential for woven fabrics in technical, shirting, workwear, and corporatewear end uses.
The document provides information about Picanol, a weaving machine manufacturer. It discusses Picanol's latest developments including airjet weaving without a filling catch cord ("Cordless") and their new TERRYplus 800 machine for terry weaving. It also highlights two Picanol customers, Berto Industria Tessile in Italy and Wagdy Moamen Weaving Mill in Egypt, and their positive experiences with Picanol machines.
This technical bulletin summarizes air jet spinning of cotton yarns using Murata Vortex Spinner (MVS) technology. Key points:
1) MVS machines can produce yarns at high speeds and excel at fine yarn counts from Ne 40/1-60/1. Proper fiber selection and preparation are important for quality results.
2) Compared to ring spinning, MVS yarns have lower tenacity but improved smoothness and fiber alignment. New developments allow production of softer hand MVS fabrics.
3) Extensive research by Cotton Incorporated has optimized fiber and machine parameters for high quality 100% cotton MVS yarns and fabrics.
This presentation is about evolution of Textile Industry from animan skin to most modern performance clothing. It gives overview of past, present & future innovations in Textile Industry.
In the last two decades, spectacular progress has been made in the field of weaving technology and the most significant being the replacement of convectional looms by shuttleless looms for increasing productivity and quality of the end product. New developments in weaving have taken place in such a direction, which ensures reduced time, energy and cost involved. Heavy mechanical parts are now being replaced with electronic or microprocessor controlled alternatives.
The document discusses the process of textile spinning from raw materials through yarn production. It covers:
1. Raw material preparation including blowroom, carding, and drawing processes to clean and align fibers.
2. Roving production which drafts and provides slight twist to fibers.
3. Ring spinning where the roving is further drafted, twisted, and wound to produce yarn, with quality factors like count variation and strength assessed.
Quality control is emphasized through testing of raw materials and processes to ensure conformance to standards.
The document discusses a forming fabric application for tissue making called InTegra-T. It has three layers and utilizes an intrinsic weft design. It provides excellent drainage and formation characteristics, allowing for increased headbox dilution and production speeds. It also allows for easy cleaning, reduced basis weight and moisture variability, excellent width stability, and improved energy efficiency. The fabric has demonstrated long life, increased retention, and benefits for tissue and towel machines.
This document provides information about Tua-Ha Textile Ltd., a knitting, dyeing, finishing, and garment manufacturing factory in Bangladesh. It details the factory's objectives to meet client expectations, gain buyer confidence, be known for quality Bangladeshi products, create jobs, and use modern communication technologies. It also outlines the factory's compliance with regulations regarding labor, health, and safety. The document focuses on the factory's knitting section, describing the types of fabrics it produces, raw materials used, production processes, machinery, and potential faults in knitting.
The document discusses textile spinning and quality control processes. It describes the key steps in textile spinning which include: yarn production from staple fibers using drawing and twisting; filament yarn production by forcing fiber-forming substances through spinnerets. The main processes are: blowroom preparation, carding, drawing, roving and ring spinning. Quality is ensured through testing of raw materials and processes. Fiber properties like length, strength and uniformity are evaluated. Machines are also tested to minimize count variations and improve yarn evenness and strength in the final product.
The document provides information about Picanol, a weaving machine manufacturer. It discusses Picanol's latest developments including airjet weaving without a filling catch cord ("Cordless") and their new TERRYplus 800 machine for terry weaving. It also highlights two Picanol customers, Berto Industria Tessile in Italy and Wagdy Moamen Weaving Mill in Egypt, and their positive experiences with Picanol machines.
This technical bulletin summarizes air jet spinning of cotton yarns using Murata Vortex Spinner (MVS) technology. Key points:
1) MVS machines can produce yarns at high speeds and excel at fine yarn counts from Ne 40/1-60/1. Proper fiber selection and preparation are important for quality results.
2) Compared to ring spinning, MVS yarns have lower tenacity but improved smoothness and fiber alignment. New developments allow production of softer hand MVS fabrics.
3) Extensive research by Cotton Incorporated has optimized fiber and machine parameters for high quality 100% cotton MVS yarns and fabrics.
This presentation is about evolution of Textile Industry from animan skin to most modern performance clothing. It gives overview of past, present & future innovations in Textile Industry.
In the last two decades, spectacular progress has been made in the field of weaving technology and the most significant being the replacement of convectional looms by shuttleless looms for increasing productivity and quality of the end product. New developments in weaving have taken place in such a direction, which ensures reduced time, energy and cost involved. Heavy mechanical parts are now being replaced with electronic or microprocessor controlled alternatives.
The document discusses the process of textile spinning from raw materials through yarn production. It covers:
1. Raw material preparation including blowroom, carding, and drawing processes to clean and align fibers.
2. Roving production which drafts and provides slight twist to fibers.
3. Ring spinning where the roving is further drafted, twisted, and wound to produce yarn, with quality factors like count variation and strength assessed.
Quality control is emphasized through testing of raw materials and processes to ensure conformance to standards.
The document discusses a forming fabric application for tissue making called InTegra-T. It has three layers and utilizes an intrinsic weft design. It provides excellent drainage and formation characteristics, allowing for increased headbox dilution and production speeds. It also allows for easy cleaning, reduced basis weight and moisture variability, excellent width stability, and improved energy efficiency. The fabric has demonstrated long life, increased retention, and benefits for tissue and towel machines.
This document provides information about Tua-Ha Textile Ltd., a knitting, dyeing, finishing, and garment manufacturing factory in Bangladesh. It details the factory's objectives to meet client expectations, gain buyer confidence, be known for quality Bangladeshi products, create jobs, and use modern communication technologies. It also outlines the factory's compliance with regulations regarding labor, health, and safety. The document focuses on the factory's knitting section, describing the types of fabrics it produces, raw materials used, production processes, machinery, and potential faults in knitting.
The document discusses textile spinning and quality control processes. It describes the key steps in textile spinning which include: yarn production from staple fibers using drawing and twisting; filament yarn production by forcing fiber-forming substances through spinnerets. The main processes are: blowroom preparation, carding, drawing, roving and ring spinning. Quality is ensured through testing of raw materials and processes. Fiber properties like length, strength and uniformity are evaluated. Machines are also tested to minimize count variations and improve yarn evenness and strength in the final product.
The compact spinning is a process where fiber strand drawn by drafting system is condensed before twisting it.Following methods are used by machine manufacturers to condense the fiber strand.
1. Aerodynamic condensing.
2. Mechanical condensing.
3. Magnetic condensing.
Compact spinning has a promising future because of the higher production and improved quality of compact yarns
The document summarizes different types of Fehrer carding systems used to produce air-laid nonwoven webs. It describes the K-12 and K-21 machines, including their operating principles, specifications, applications and advantages. It also discusses recent developments like the V-12R machine, which can produce heavier weight webs at higher throughput for uses like insulation felts and automotive waddings.
Yarn printing is also known as “Space Dyeing”. Although the printing of yarns for true patterned effects proved very difficult tom control, the random space-dyed effects that can be more readily attained by a variety of yarn-printing methods have continued to be popular. The patent literature abounds with systems for producing colored flecked effects on yarns but the two most successful methods entail either warp printing or color application to a tubular knitted ‘sock’. The essential process sequence begins with dye liquor application, followed by steam fixation, washing-off and drying .
1. The document discusses process costing used by Volant Textile Mills Ltd, an Indian textile manufacturer. It describes the key processes in textile manufacturing - spinning, weaving, dyeing/printing, and finishing.
2. It provides process accounts for 3 manufacturing processes at Volant Textile Mills, showing costs allocated and units transferred between processes.
3. Volant Textile Mills was established in 1993 and manufactures cotton and bleached grey fabrics for export markets. It has expanded production capacity over time through additional machinery investments.
A.T.E. is a single window solution provider across the textile value chain. A.T.E.'s Spinning Accessories division provides high quality spinnning accessories and spares to ensure optimum performance of hi-tech spinning machines. The portfolio includes high precision spinning machinery components from TeraSpin, card clothing from TCC, etc.
To know more log on to www.ategroup.com.
This document provides an overview of the layout and machinery used in a spinning plant. It describes the key processes including blow room, carding, draw frame, combing, speed frame, ring frame, winding, and conditioning. It lists common machinery manufacturers and provides links to related textile technology Facebook pages and the author's blog.
This presentation summarizes industrial training at Envoy Textiles Limited, a leading denim fabric producer in Bangladesh. It describes Envoy's production processes from raw materials through dyeing, weaving, finishing and quality control. Key points include Envoy's state-of-the-art machinery and LEED platinum certification. Research and development aims to improve quality and reduce waste. Utilities like power, water and an effluent treatment plant support production.
SMIT, our principals, and a global leader in weaving technology, has a range of offerings that includes rapier weft insertion for home textiles, garments, terry towels and customized solutions to produce special technical fabrics. Connect with us to know more.
This document discusses the application of robotics in the textiles industry in India. It notes that India is a major global producer and exporter of textiles. It then discusses how robots are currently used in various parts of the textiles production process, such as moving bales of cotton, yarn splicing, automatic cone changing, folding and packing garments. The benefits of robotics include increased productivity, quality, efficiency and safety. However, robots also present some threats to employment. Overall, robotics technologies are still developing for textile applications like stitching but will likely expand as economics make further automation feasible.
The document summarizes the key steps in yarn production from blow room to post-spinning processes. In the blow room, opening, cleaning, and blending operations prepare fiber tufts for carding. Carding further individualizes and aligns fibers to form slivers. Draw frames improve material evenness and parallelize fibers. Combing removes short fibers and impurities. Roving frames draft and twist slivers to form rovings. Ring and rotor spinning systems draft, twist, and wind rovings into yarns. Post-spinning processes include winding yarns onto larger packages and plying to improve smoothness. The document outlines objectives and components of each major process step in yarn manufacturing
The document summarizes a student group's presentation on their industrial visit to Noman Weaving Mills Ltd. It provides details on the company's background, production processes, machinery used, quality control procedures, production rates, and utilities. The visit aimed to help students bridge theory with practice and gain exposure to the textiles industry. The group thanked attendees for listening to the presentation summarizing their site visit.
The document provides an overview of the basics of spinning, including the key processes and equipment used to transform raw cotton into yarn. It describes the sequential steps of ginning, blow room, carding, drawing, simplex, ring spinning and cone winding. It also defines important spinning concepts like count, draft and twist. The overall spinning process aims to parallelize, attenuate and impart twist to fibers through successive drafting and twisting operations to produce a compact yarn package.
The document summarizes the capabilities and features of Dornier air-jet weaving machines. Key points include:
- The machines offer high economic efficiency for denim and stretch fabrics at widths of 260-540cm and speeds over 2000m/min.
- Features like reliable start mark prevention and patented filling insertion control produce high quality fabrics meeting standards.
- Additional details are provided on selvedge formation devices, shed geometry, electronics, and end-use applications.
- Technical specifications are listed for various components ensuring versatility, quality, and maximum speeds.
Kalpesh Synthetics Pvt. Ltd is an Indian manufacturer of technical and industrial textiles established in 1987. It produces a variety of woven fabrics from high tenacity yarns like polyester, aramid, nylon, polypropylene, and cotton blends. The company has a production capacity of 15,000 linear meters per day across looms from Sulzer, Vamatex, and Dornier. Key products include woven geotextiles, industrial filter fabrics, industrial canvases, and liner fabrics for tire industries. Testing, research and development, and sample development facilities are also available.
IRJET- High Wet Modulus Viscose: Performance and Market Opportunity StudyIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the performance benefits of high wet modulus (HWM) viscose fiber compared to standard viscose fiber. The study found that HWM viscose fiber has around 25-30% higher toughness than standard viscose fiber. This higher toughness allows HWM viscose fabrics to perform better during wet processing without tearing, even on high-speed continuous machines. It also leads to more durable dyed and finished fabrics. Using HWM viscose fiber can save processing costs and reduce production losses. HWM viscose also shows greater resistance to acidic and alkaline conditions. Finally, HWM viscose may enable finer count yarns and fabrics that are challenging with standard viscose due to its lower
Technical Textiles- Future of Indian Textile MarketVinali Patil
This presentation provides brief introduction to Indian Technical Textile Market. Technical Textile Industry gives tremendous opportunity to investors for investments in the segment considering huge global & domestic demand of Technical Textiles
Nantex introduces its first vertical embroidery machine, which embroiders fabrics along the grain line rather than against it as with traditional machines. This new machine reduces costs, increases productivity and quality, and utilizes less space compared to existing embroidery machines. Key benefits include higher machine utilization rates, lower material waste, easier operation and maintenance, and unlimited repeat lengths for designs. The vertical embroidery machine addresses longstanding problems in the embroidery industry and has potential for significant growth.
Textiles and Multi-axial Reinforcements Dr alistair mc ilhagger technical tex...Invest Northern Ireland
The document discusses technical textiles and 3D woven composites. It provides an overview of research at Ulster University on 3D weaving technology, including its historical importance in Northern Ireland. Some key benefits of 3D woven composites are their delamination resistance and potential for reduced costs compared to traditional laminate composites. However, challenges remain around crimp levels, developing new machinery and processes, and variations in weave design and properties. The NIACE competence centre is presented as a way to help address challenges and accelerate development from concept to commercialization.
This document summarizes the history and operations of Shandong Helon Polytex Chemical Fibre Co., Ltd. It describes how the company was founded in 1989 in Anqiu, Shandong Province, China. Key milestones include installing its first double-dipping line in 1992, starting aramid cord production in 1996, and achieving various quality certifications between 1997-2009. The document provides an overview of the company's products, production processes, equipment, research and development capabilities, quality systems, and customer service approach.
The document summarizes the key steps in the weaving process: warp and weft preparation, and actual weaving on looms. It describes the warping process where yarn is formed into a continuous sheet and discusses parameters like speed, tension levels, and beam density. It also covers sizing to improve yarn strength and abrasion resistance. Weft is supplied on pirns that are wound on machines, and performance is evaluated based on breakage rates and other faults.
The document is a product catalog from The Indian Card Clothing Co. Ltd. that describes their range of carding products including cylinder wires, doffer wires, lickerin wires, flat tops, and other accessories. ICC has developed innovative product lines through research and development to handle higher production rates up to 150 kg/hour while maintaining quality. Their products are suitable for processing all natural and man-made fibers on conventional and high-production carding machines.
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Similar to 368642344-Lenzing-Tencel-Courtesy-Lenzing.pdf
The compact spinning is a process where fiber strand drawn by drafting system is condensed before twisting it.Following methods are used by machine manufacturers to condense the fiber strand.
1. Aerodynamic condensing.
2. Mechanical condensing.
3. Magnetic condensing.
Compact spinning has a promising future because of the higher production and improved quality of compact yarns
The document summarizes different types of Fehrer carding systems used to produce air-laid nonwoven webs. It describes the K-12 and K-21 machines, including their operating principles, specifications, applications and advantages. It also discusses recent developments like the V-12R machine, which can produce heavier weight webs at higher throughput for uses like insulation felts and automotive waddings.
Yarn printing is also known as “Space Dyeing”. Although the printing of yarns for true patterned effects proved very difficult tom control, the random space-dyed effects that can be more readily attained by a variety of yarn-printing methods have continued to be popular. The patent literature abounds with systems for producing colored flecked effects on yarns but the two most successful methods entail either warp printing or color application to a tubular knitted ‘sock’. The essential process sequence begins with dye liquor application, followed by steam fixation, washing-off and drying .
1. The document discusses process costing used by Volant Textile Mills Ltd, an Indian textile manufacturer. It describes the key processes in textile manufacturing - spinning, weaving, dyeing/printing, and finishing.
2. It provides process accounts for 3 manufacturing processes at Volant Textile Mills, showing costs allocated and units transferred between processes.
3. Volant Textile Mills was established in 1993 and manufactures cotton and bleached grey fabrics for export markets. It has expanded production capacity over time through additional machinery investments.
A.T.E. is a single window solution provider across the textile value chain. A.T.E.'s Spinning Accessories division provides high quality spinnning accessories and spares to ensure optimum performance of hi-tech spinning machines. The portfolio includes high precision spinning machinery components from TeraSpin, card clothing from TCC, etc.
To know more log on to www.ategroup.com.
This document provides an overview of the layout and machinery used in a spinning plant. It describes the key processes including blow room, carding, draw frame, combing, speed frame, ring frame, winding, and conditioning. It lists common machinery manufacturers and provides links to related textile technology Facebook pages and the author's blog.
This presentation summarizes industrial training at Envoy Textiles Limited, a leading denim fabric producer in Bangladesh. It describes Envoy's production processes from raw materials through dyeing, weaving, finishing and quality control. Key points include Envoy's state-of-the-art machinery and LEED platinum certification. Research and development aims to improve quality and reduce waste. Utilities like power, water and an effluent treatment plant support production.
SMIT, our principals, and a global leader in weaving technology, has a range of offerings that includes rapier weft insertion for home textiles, garments, terry towels and customized solutions to produce special technical fabrics. Connect with us to know more.
This document discusses the application of robotics in the textiles industry in India. It notes that India is a major global producer and exporter of textiles. It then discusses how robots are currently used in various parts of the textiles production process, such as moving bales of cotton, yarn splicing, automatic cone changing, folding and packing garments. The benefits of robotics include increased productivity, quality, efficiency and safety. However, robots also present some threats to employment. Overall, robotics technologies are still developing for textile applications like stitching but will likely expand as economics make further automation feasible.
The document summarizes the key steps in yarn production from blow room to post-spinning processes. In the blow room, opening, cleaning, and blending operations prepare fiber tufts for carding. Carding further individualizes and aligns fibers to form slivers. Draw frames improve material evenness and parallelize fibers. Combing removes short fibers and impurities. Roving frames draft and twist slivers to form rovings. Ring and rotor spinning systems draft, twist, and wind rovings into yarns. Post-spinning processes include winding yarns onto larger packages and plying to improve smoothness. The document outlines objectives and components of each major process step in yarn manufacturing
The document summarizes a student group's presentation on their industrial visit to Noman Weaving Mills Ltd. It provides details on the company's background, production processes, machinery used, quality control procedures, production rates, and utilities. The visit aimed to help students bridge theory with practice and gain exposure to the textiles industry. The group thanked attendees for listening to the presentation summarizing their site visit.
The document provides an overview of the basics of spinning, including the key processes and equipment used to transform raw cotton into yarn. It describes the sequential steps of ginning, blow room, carding, drawing, simplex, ring spinning and cone winding. It also defines important spinning concepts like count, draft and twist. The overall spinning process aims to parallelize, attenuate and impart twist to fibers through successive drafting and twisting operations to produce a compact yarn package.
The document summarizes the capabilities and features of Dornier air-jet weaving machines. Key points include:
- The machines offer high economic efficiency for denim and stretch fabrics at widths of 260-540cm and speeds over 2000m/min.
- Features like reliable start mark prevention and patented filling insertion control produce high quality fabrics meeting standards.
- Additional details are provided on selvedge formation devices, shed geometry, electronics, and end-use applications.
- Technical specifications are listed for various components ensuring versatility, quality, and maximum speeds.
Kalpesh Synthetics Pvt. Ltd is an Indian manufacturer of technical and industrial textiles established in 1987. It produces a variety of woven fabrics from high tenacity yarns like polyester, aramid, nylon, polypropylene, and cotton blends. The company has a production capacity of 15,000 linear meters per day across looms from Sulzer, Vamatex, and Dornier. Key products include woven geotextiles, industrial filter fabrics, industrial canvases, and liner fabrics for tire industries. Testing, research and development, and sample development facilities are also available.
IRJET- High Wet Modulus Viscose: Performance and Market Opportunity StudyIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the performance benefits of high wet modulus (HWM) viscose fiber compared to standard viscose fiber. The study found that HWM viscose fiber has around 25-30% higher toughness than standard viscose fiber. This higher toughness allows HWM viscose fabrics to perform better during wet processing without tearing, even on high-speed continuous machines. It also leads to more durable dyed and finished fabrics. Using HWM viscose fiber can save processing costs and reduce production losses. HWM viscose also shows greater resistance to acidic and alkaline conditions. Finally, HWM viscose may enable finer count yarns and fabrics that are challenging with standard viscose due to its lower
Technical Textiles- Future of Indian Textile MarketVinali Patil
This presentation provides brief introduction to Indian Technical Textile Market. Technical Textile Industry gives tremendous opportunity to investors for investments in the segment considering huge global & domestic demand of Technical Textiles
Nantex introduces its first vertical embroidery machine, which embroiders fabrics along the grain line rather than against it as with traditional machines. This new machine reduces costs, increases productivity and quality, and utilizes less space compared to existing embroidery machines. Key benefits include higher machine utilization rates, lower material waste, easier operation and maintenance, and unlimited repeat lengths for designs. The vertical embroidery machine addresses longstanding problems in the embroidery industry and has potential for significant growth.
Textiles and Multi-axial Reinforcements Dr alistair mc ilhagger technical tex...Invest Northern Ireland
The document discusses technical textiles and 3D woven composites. It provides an overview of research at Ulster University on 3D weaving technology, including its historical importance in Northern Ireland. Some key benefits of 3D woven composites are their delamination resistance and potential for reduced costs compared to traditional laminate composites. However, challenges remain around crimp levels, developing new machinery and processes, and variations in weave design and properties. The NIACE competence centre is presented as a way to help address challenges and accelerate development from concept to commercialization.
This document summarizes the history and operations of Shandong Helon Polytex Chemical Fibre Co., Ltd. It describes how the company was founded in 1989 in Anqiu, Shandong Province, China. Key milestones include installing its first double-dipping line in 1992, starting aramid cord production in 1996, and achieving various quality certifications between 1997-2009. The document provides an overview of the company's products, production processes, equipment, research and development capabilities, quality systems, and customer service approach.
Similar to 368642344-Lenzing-Tencel-Courtesy-Lenzing.pdf (20)
The document summarizes the key steps in the weaving process: warp and weft preparation, and actual weaving on looms. It describes the warping process where yarn is formed into a continuous sheet and discusses parameters like speed, tension levels, and beam density. It also covers sizing to improve yarn strength and abrasion resistance. Weft is supplied on pirns that are wound on machines, and performance is evaluated based on breakage rates and other faults.
The document is a product catalog from The Indian Card Clothing Co. Ltd. that describes their range of carding products including cylinder wires, doffer wires, lickerin wires, flat tops, and other accessories. ICC has developed innovative product lines through research and development to handle higher production rates up to 150 kg/hour while maintaining quality. Their products are suitable for processing all natural and man-made fibers on conventional and high-production carding machines.
The document discusses different types of knitting faults that occur in knit fabrics, their causes, and potential remedies. It analyzes data from quality inspection sheets of various knit fabric samples and examines how changing stitch length affects common faults. The types of faults studied include holes/cracks, loops/dropped stitches, Lycra out, knots, and others. Data is presented on the percentage of different faults found in single jersey fabric samples before and after implementing remedies to reduce faults. Implementing remedies such as ensuring uniform yarn tension, regulating yarn feed rate, and adjusting machine settings helped minimize common faults like holes, barre, streaks, and others.
- The document compares the characteristics of ply yarns produced using different techniques, including normal plying, SIRO plying, compact spinning plying, and EliTwist plying.
- Testing found that EliTwist ply yarns had the highest Lea Count-Strength Product value, followed by compact spinning ply yarns. This is because EliTwist and compact spinning techniques better control fiber movement during yarn formation, increasing property realization.
- EliTwist ply yarns also had the lowest irregularities like thin places, thick places, and neps per kilometer. This is due to EliTwist's controlled compact delta zone during yarn formation.
This document provides information on yarn collections from several different fiber and yarn producers:
- AA Global focuses on innovative blended yarns like yak, mohair, alpaca and cotton for the autumn/winter season.
- Akkon Iplik produces classic hand knitting yarns in Turkey in materials like acrylic, wool and mohair.
- Several producers like Cofil, Filpucci, and Pinori Filati showcase new fancy yarns featuring novel blends, textures and colors.
- Other producers like Huafu Melange Yarn, Leader Textile and Ply Naturally highlight innovative spinning techniques and use of materials like Tencel and recycled polyester.
The document discusses several carding products from Indian Card Clothing Co., including the MAXUS+ cylinder wire, Nextratops, and Web Catcher. The MAXUS+ cylinder wire is made from special alloy steel to deliver high production rates with long life expectancy. Nextratops have a unique positioning of wire points that allow for effective removal of impurities even at high speeds. The Web Catcher replaces doffer aprons on carding machines and increases uptime.
This document discusses hairiness in yarns and various methods for measuring it. Hairiness refers to protruding fibers, loops, and wild fibers on yarn surfaces. While it adds texture, hairiness can cause issues in downstream processing and the quality of finished fabrics. The document describes several photoelectric devices that use light beams and photocells to quickly and objectively measure hairiness over different fiber lengths, providing advantages over older microscopic methods.
1. The study investigated the spinning limits and yarn properties of cotton, viscose, and polyester fibers spun on a Dref-3 friction spinning machine across different yarn counts.
2. The spinning limit, defined as the finest yarn count that can be spun with acceptable quality and breakage rate, was found to depend on fiber type and ranged from 33-311 tex for the fibers studied.
3. As yarn count decreased, yarn properties like unevenness and imperfections generally increased for all fiber types due to poorer fiber separation and increased irregularities introduced during drafting. Twists also increased with finer counts.
4. Tensile properties responded differently for different fibers - they remained fairly constant
This document provides data on average yarn selling prices, raw material costs, and net output values for various yarn counts in Indian rupees per kilogram. It shows the raw material cost as a percentage of the yarn selling price and the average number of mills producing each count. The counts range from 20s to 100s for different yarn types including OE, K, C, CH, P/C-K, P/V and V. The raw material cost makes up around half to two-thirds of the yarn selling price on average.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
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Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
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Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
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Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
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3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...
368642344-Lenzing-Tencel-Courtesy-Lenzing.pdf
1. 1
AirJet Spinning
Perspectives for the future
TENCEL® at 20
New Orleans, December 5th, 2012
Hans Leitner
Project Manager Special Projects
Business Unit Fibers
2. 2
Content of the presentation
„ Ideas supporting developments
„ Benefits / Limitations of established spinning systems
„ Requirements for new spinning technologies
„ Air Jet Spinning – the latest development in spinning technology
„ Current and new applications of AirJet spun yarns
„ The market prospects of AirJet spinning
3. 3
Economy & Developments
„ Developments are driven by the idea to offer products which
¨ are better in quality than established products
¨ offer characteristics not known to date
¨ could be produced more economically
„ There is no difference between the textile industry and any other
industry
„ To become a commercial success developments have to match
quality and / or production standards of established products
„ Developments must have advantages compared to established
products (better quality, better wear properties, lower price …) to
become attractive for the final customer
4. 4
Economy & Developments
„ Any development regardless if it is related to fiber, to yarn or fabric
production will be crosschecked against parameters and
characteristics known from established fibers, yarns, fabrics or
processing technologies
„ Characteristics of ringspun yarns / fabrics are the quality targets, which
have to be matched by any new spinning system
„ Production costs of ringspinning are the benchmark a new spinning
system has to match
5. 5
Ringspinning
Benefits & Limitations
„ Ringspinning without any doubt sets the targets for any new spinning
system in terms of flexibility, yarn quality, the count range which could
be spun and last but not least for the productivity
„ Ringspinning has its limitations in terms of
„ Productivity ¨ Spindle speed, traveller speed, total draft,
yarn package weight…..
„ Processing costs ¨ Add. costs for the roving and winding process
„ Spinning triangle ¨ The reason for yarn hairiness and one of the
sources for weakplaces in the yarns
„ Spinning tension ¨ Could create add. limitations when fibers
sensitive to thermal stress are processed…
6. 6
Rotorspinning
Benefits & Limitations
„ Rotorspinning has reduced processing costs by eliminating the roving
process, the integration of winding & quality control into the spinning
process and a significantly increased productivity. Automatic piecing
and doffing have established automation in yarn production….
„ Rotorspinning has its limitations in
„ Yarn structure ¨ Which is the reason for the significant lower
strength, the characteristic fabric touch and the
limited count range compared to ringspun yarns
„ Processing speed ¨ Limited for synthetics or blends with synthetic
fibers compared to cotton or man made fibers
¨ Depending on the rotor diameter / length of fiber
7. 7
New Spinning Systems
Basic Requirements
„ Market research predicts that global fiber consumption will reach
~ 100 Mio tons per year by 2020 and further growth is expected*
¨ We expect that the annual fiber production / consumption will
grow by 30 Mio to within 10 years
„ The market for spun yarns will predominantly grow in the segment of
fibers with characteristics similar to cotton (fineness and staple length)
¨ Developments of new spinning systems will concentrate on this segment
or will try to find alternatives to the established methods of yarn production
¨ Concepts like the Uniplex System from DuPont and SSM are working on a
single step technology to transfer filaments into yarn with spun yarn
appearance
* Source: Allen Terhaar / Kevin Latner – Leadership in Cotton is about more then Size
8. 8
Global Yarn Production - Estimate
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Yarn
M
arket
M
io
t/year
3 6 12 18 24 30 40 50 60 80 100 120 140
Yarn count Ne
Source – Textilmaschinenfabrik Rieter
9. 9
New Spinning Systems
Basic Requirements
„ Yarn structure has to be similar to those of ringspun yarns
„ Yarn strength and elongation should be as close as possible to the
figures known from ringspun yarns
„ High flexibility related to the fibers processed
¨ Processing of 100 % cotton, man made fibers, blends of cotton with man
made or synthetic fibers (should be) has to be possible
„ Productivity per spinning position has to be higher than the one known
from established spinning systems
„ The count range of a new spinning system should be similar to those
of ringspinning
11. 11
New Spinning Systems
Basic Requirements
„ Spinning tension has to be as low as possible to avoid thermal stress
to minimize the chance that synthetic fibers / yarns get damaged by
excessive heat during processing
„ Yarn hairiness should be improved compared to ringspun yarns
¨ extremely important for yarns dedicated to knit applications
„ Winding process and quality control must be integrated in the
spinning process
„ Automatic piecing and doffing is a must
12. 12
New Spinning Systems - Conclusions
„ A spinning system which overcomes the limitations of established
systems will become extremely important for the yarn production in the
future
„ Of all the new spinning systems launched in the last 25 years AirJet
Spinning technologies like the Murata MVS system or the Rieter
Com4®Jet system J 10 / J 20 meet most of the requirements listed
¨ The first AirJet Spinning system sold in significant numbers was the MJS
system of Murata launched in 1981, followed by the MVS system in 1997
14. 14
AirJet Spinning
Market Introduction
„ Like for any new spinning technology it took several years to establish
the AirJet Spinning technology due to
¨ differences in the yarn structure and yarn characteristics
¨ differences in the touch of fabrics based on AirJet spun yarns
¨ reservations of the customers towards fabrics based on a new
technology
¨ a lower variety of fibers, which could be processed, made it
difficult at first for the AirJet technology to become accepted
15. 15
Characteristic of Yarns Spun with
Different Spinning Systems
Open End - Rotor Air - Jet
2-Nozzles (MJS)
Air- Jet
Vortex (MVS)
Ring
conventional
Ring
Compact
16. 16
Todays Situation – AirJet Spinning
„ The AirJet spinning technology is well established for the production of
cellulosic fibers like Lenzing Viscose, Lenzing Modal®, TENCEL® and
blends
¨ Sales figures of Murata and Rieter confirm that AirJet spinning can be
considered as an established spinning technology
¨ At present more than 1000 AirJet spinning machines (generation MVS 861 /
870 and J10 / J20) are installed globally. Information from the market indicate
that at least 300 Air Jet machines are sold annually
¨ Based on production figures for Lenzing Viscose we can calculate that 100
AirJet spinning machines (100 spinning positions) produce about 41.000 to
of yarns / year of Ne 30/1
18. 18
AirJet Spinning
Current Applications - Knits
„ Due to parameters like a
¨ low hairiness
¨ much less fiber lint during further processing
¨ an improved pilling performance
¨ a reduced spirality
¨ an extremely even fabric appearance
„ Air Jet spun yarns are meanwhile well established for the
production of knitted fabrics
„ MicroModal® or Tencel®Micro fibers will expand the spinning limits of
the AirJet technology and are improving the softness of AirJet spun
yarns / fabrics significantly
19. 19
AirJet Spinning
Extended Applications – Wovens
„ Until today AirJet spun yarns are only used to a small extent for the
production of woven fabrics
¨ Results of woven developments,
¨ comments made by customers,
¨ fabric developments / fabrics available on the market
are a clear indication that AirJet spun yarns have as well a potential
to become important for the production of woven fabrics
„ To get a better understanding of the possibilities to use AirJet spun
yarns for woven applications we have run and we are still running a
number of developments
20. 20
AirJet Spinning - Wovens
„ Supported by yarns from different customers and spun inhouse
Lenzing has made woven developments based on AirJet spun yarns
in counts between Ne 14/1 and Ne 80/1
„ One of these tests was made to see if a fabric dedicated to a technical
enduse made out of AirJet spun TENCEL® yarns can match the
strength of a fabric based on ringspun combed cotton – Mako* type
¨ Fabric construction – twill 2/1, Ne 20 x 20, density 98 x 67,3
„ The strength of the AirJet spun fabric is significantly higher than the
strength of the fabric based on combed cotton
(*)Mako cotton, Egyptian extra-long staple cotton, from the name of Mako bey, in whose garden Jumel discovered a cultivar of this cotton
22. 22
AirJet Spinning - Wovens
„ By joint developments with customers shirting fabrics have been
realised in yarn counts up to Ne 60/1 out of TENCEL®Micro and
TENCEL®/Cotton
¨ This project was started with plain weave constructions like 150 x 115
¨ The strength of the TENCEL®Micro yarns in Ne 60/1 reached ~ 21 cN/tex
(tested at 20 seconds/break)
„ Workwear and Corporatewear fabrics based on AirJet spun TENCEL®/
Polyester blends have been developed and launched
¨ To create fabrics of superior quality we have started these developments
with two plyed AirJet spun yarns in Ne 41/2 in plain weave, twill and
broken twill and constructions like 94 x 71 and 94 x 94
¨ Some quality figures of these fabrics are demonstrated at the next pages
27. 27
AirJet Spinning
Current Applications
„ At present AirJet spun yarns are spun in counts between Ne 14/1 and
Ne 50/1
„ In line with the global yarn production, "traditional" counts like Ne 30/1
and Ne 40/1 are the most important counts spun on AirJet systems
„ Until today the majority of the Airjet spun yarns are used for the
production of circular knits
¨ Alternative applications for AirJet spun yarns could be flat knits, seamless
fabrics (yarns based on Microfibers)
¨ Basic trials with AirJet spun yarns have been made with warp knitting
28. 28
Global Spinning Capacity
Source: ITMF, Gherzi
Future Trend of AJ
12 24 36 48 60
100%
0%
50%
Global
Repartition
of
spindles
/
rotors
/
airjet
200 [Ne]
Yarn
Count
Ring spinning (global)
240 mn installed spindles (not all operative) – producing ~26 mio t of yarns
~ 85 mn spindles producing
~ 5 mn to of fine count yarns
~ 35 mn
spindles
producing
7‐8 mn to
coarse yarns
~ 120 mn
spindles
producing
~ 13 mn to of
medium count yarns
Airjet spinning (MJS / MVS / J10 + J20)
4.2 mn spindle equivalent
Producing 0.5 mn to of yarns
OE spinning
~ 9 mn rotors
(40 mn spi. equiv.)
producing
10 mn to of yarn
Installed spindles and short staple yarn production 2010
Source: Gherzi estimates
29. 29
AirJet Spinning
Perspectives – Additional Applications
„ To expand the market of AirJet yarns significantly we consider it of
extreme importance to explore the use of AirJet spun yarns in woven
fabrics.
¨ Quality arguments accepted in knits (eg. the improved pilling
behaviour) are valid as well for woven fabrics
„ The high strength of TENCEL® fibers will help to overcome one of the
limitations of AirJet spun yarns, the lower strength compared to
ringspun yarns.
¨ TENCEL®Micro yarns in Ne 100/1 have been the finest AirJet spun
yarns which we have used to realise woven developments
30. 30
AirJet Spinning
Perspectives – Spinning Limits
„ During spinning tests in 2011/ 2012 with 100 % MicroModal® Air
(0,8 dtex) on AirJet spinning machines we have reached yarn counts
significantly finer than Ne 100/1
„ Trials like that confirm that the technical limits of the AirJet Spinning
technology should be evaluated further in much more details to answer
questions like
¨ Will it be possible to spin AirJet yarns with less than 70 fibers / cross
section / yarn at industrial conditions and with excellent quality figures?
¨ Which fibers would be the best to spin fine AirJet yarns economically?
¨ Fibers like TENCEL® (Micro) will strongly support the further expansion of
the AirJet spinning technology especially for woven fabrics
31. 31
AirJet Spinning
Perspectives – Fibers processed
„ Development of the AirJet Spinning technology has to fine tune the
process to be able to spin 100 % Cotton (if possible carded cotton) and
100 % Polyester
¨ Processing of carded cotton on the AirJet system has been declared top
priority by one of the machine manufacturers
„ Processing of fiber blends can be considered as established
¨ Spinning limits for blended yarns have to be evaluated individually depending
on the characteristics of the blending partner and the final application
¨ AirJet spun yarns based on blends like Viscose / Polyester, TENCEL® /
Polyester, Lenzing Modal® / Cotton, Lenzing Modal® / Silk and even blends
with linen are offered commercially
32. 32
Source: Gherzi estimates
Total Spun Yarns 36’000 t
100% CO carded
14’000 t
62’000 SE
Blend CO carded /PES
4’000 t
22’000 SE
Blend CO carded /CV 500t – 400 SE
100% CO combed
4’000 t
37’000 SE
Blend CO combed/PES 4’000 t
27’000 SE
Blend CO combed/CV 700t – 5‘600 SE
100% Synthetic‐PES SF Yarn 7’000 t
68’000 SE
100% CV Yarn 1’500 t – 13‘000 SE
Blend PES/CV‐Yarn 1’500 t – 13’000 SE
2010 [´000 t and ´000 SE]
Total SE ~250’000 SE
13’000 t
~40’000 SE
21’000 t
~173’000 SE
1’000 t
~27’000 SE
4 18-20 40 60 200
N°
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Global Yarn Production – related to
Individual Fibers
33. 33
AirJet Spinning
Perspectives – Fabric Quality
„ Quality arguments like
¨ the low yarn hairiness
¨ combined with an improved pilling performance of knitted and
woven fabrics
¨ the significantly reduced development of fiber lint during fabric
processing
have been (and will still be) of help to establish the AirJet Spinning
technology in a much larger way than it is established today
34. 34
AirJet Spinning
Perspectives – Fabric Quality
„ Variations of the machine settings (processing speed and air pressure)
will allow the production of fabrics with modified touch (crisper hand,
softer hand…)
„ Processing of Microfibers will offer the possibility to create soft(er)
fabrics
„ A significant better visual regularity and appearance of Airjet spun
fabrics – knits or wovens – will become a quality argument
35. 35
Fabric Eveness
Ringspun – AirJet Spun Yarn
TENCEL® Micro LF 0,9 / 34
carded at C60,
Siro spun, Ne 40/1
TENCEL® Micro LF 0,9 /34
carded at C60,
AirJet yarn, Ne 40/1
36. 36
AirJet Spinning
Perspectives - Summary
„ Lenzing is convinced that AirJet spinning systems will win a significant
share for the production of spun yarns in future
„ Our commitment for the AirJet spinning technlogy is based on the
following reasons
¨ The expected increase in the production of synthetic and man
made cellulosic fibers to meet the growing demand for fibers
¨ An expansion of the applications eg. into woven fabrics
¨ A global trend towards yarns in finer counts (Ne 40 and finer…)
¨ The quality advantages for fabrics out of AirJet spun yarns
¨ Comments made by customers about the commercial and
technical potential of the AirJet technology.…