1. The document provides information about reasons for the Russian Revolution and the rise of communism in Russia. It discusses the weak leadership of Czar Nicholas II and huge differences between social classes that led to unrest.
2. After Lenin's death in 1924, there was a power struggle between Stalin and Trotsky for control of the Soviet Union. Stalin eventually consolidated power through ruthless political maneuvers.
3. Under Stalin's rule, the Soviet Union instituted policies like collectivization, industrialization, and censorship of cultural life. Stalin aimed to transform Russia into a global power through these programs and by glorifying himself.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: STALIN IMPACT ON CULTURE. It contains: the cultural system, the social role of the writers, the censorship, policy, repressed atmosphere, effects on theatre and film, painting and sculpture, socialist music.
02. SOVIET CONTROL OF EASTERN EUROPE: Soviet takeover of the regionGeorge Dumitrache
Ā
In the aftermath of the Second World War, Eastern Europe, along with Western Europe, with the United States, sees in the USSR, which liberated it from Nazism, its savior. For this reason, the USSR, which enjoys immense prestige with the countries of Eastern Europe, as the United States with the countries of Western Europe, is a model and guide to follow and imitate. But while in the United States the model is capitalism, in the USSR the model is communism. That is why, between 1945 and 1949, the Eastern countries converted to communism: some quickly, others less spontaneously. Yugoslavia and Albania in 1945 are the first two Eastern European countries led by communist governments: the first in the hands of Josip Broz, called Tito, the second between those of Enver Hoxha, two heroic resistants having liberated their country from Nazism without the support of the Soviet Red Army. Bulgaria in 1946, Poland and Romania in 1947, after having been led for several months by provisional governments called National Front governments, bringing together anti-Nazi resistance on all sides, constitute the second wave of nations to pass under the influence Communist governments. Czechoslovakia in 1948 surrendered itself to communism after a show of force known as the ācoup de Pragueā. On February 25, 1948, in fact, after the resignation of the National Front government of liberal ministers who judge excessive Communist influence, the President of the Republic, Benes, soon resigning, for lack of being communist, is imposed by the Party. Communist Czechoslovak, author of a show of force through the parade of armed labor militias to spread fear, the formation of a communist government under the orders of Prime Minister Klement Gottwald. Hungary in 1949, also insensitive to the sirens of communism the first years, finally be convinced by the tactics of salami. According to Matyas Rakosi, leader of the Hungarian Communist Party, and the inventor of the term, the salamiās tactic is to divide the political opponents āslice by sliceā and then cut them out of politics āone by oneā until that there is not one left. As a result, the Hungarian Communist Party, after having used threats against its most distant political opponents (liberals), offers its closest political allies (socialists) no choice but to dissolve their political party in order to to join the Communist Party, which became the only legal party at the same time as the only ruler of the country. Germany, finally, in 1949, is the last country of Eastern Europe passed to communism. As a result of the blockade of West Berlin and the division of Germany into two countries, the birth of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) allows the German Communist Party to seize power and entrust its direction to its most High Representative, Wilhelm Pieck. The USSR, on the other hand, is considered by all these popular democracies as the ābig brotherā to whom we obey and from whom we receive our orders.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: STALIN IMPACT ON CULTURE. It contains: the cultural system, the social role of the writers, the censorship, policy, repressed atmosphere, effects on theatre and film, painting and sculpture, socialist music.
02. SOVIET CONTROL OF EASTERN EUROPE: Soviet takeover of the regionGeorge Dumitrache
Ā
In the aftermath of the Second World War, Eastern Europe, along with Western Europe, with the United States, sees in the USSR, which liberated it from Nazism, its savior. For this reason, the USSR, which enjoys immense prestige with the countries of Eastern Europe, as the United States with the countries of Western Europe, is a model and guide to follow and imitate. But while in the United States the model is capitalism, in the USSR the model is communism. That is why, between 1945 and 1949, the Eastern countries converted to communism: some quickly, others less spontaneously. Yugoslavia and Albania in 1945 are the first two Eastern European countries led by communist governments: the first in the hands of Josip Broz, called Tito, the second between those of Enver Hoxha, two heroic resistants having liberated their country from Nazism without the support of the Soviet Red Army. Bulgaria in 1946, Poland and Romania in 1947, after having been led for several months by provisional governments called National Front governments, bringing together anti-Nazi resistance on all sides, constitute the second wave of nations to pass under the influence Communist governments. Czechoslovakia in 1948 surrendered itself to communism after a show of force known as the ācoup de Pragueā. On February 25, 1948, in fact, after the resignation of the National Front government of liberal ministers who judge excessive Communist influence, the President of the Republic, Benes, soon resigning, for lack of being communist, is imposed by the Party. Communist Czechoslovak, author of a show of force through the parade of armed labor militias to spread fear, the formation of a communist government under the orders of Prime Minister Klement Gottwald. Hungary in 1949, also insensitive to the sirens of communism the first years, finally be convinced by the tactics of salami. According to Matyas Rakosi, leader of the Hungarian Communist Party, and the inventor of the term, the salamiās tactic is to divide the political opponents āslice by sliceā and then cut them out of politics āone by oneā until that there is not one left. As a result, the Hungarian Communist Party, after having used threats against its most distant political opponents (liberals), offers its closest political allies (socialists) no choice but to dissolve their political party in order to to join the Communist Party, which became the only legal party at the same time as the only ruler of the country. Germany, finally, in 1949, is the last country of Eastern Europe passed to communism. As a result of the blockade of West Berlin and the division of Germany into two countries, the birth of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) allows the German Communist Party to seize power and entrust its direction to its most High Representative, Wilhelm Pieck. The USSR, on the other hand, is considered by all these popular democracies as the ābig brotherā to whom we obey and from whom we receive our orders.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: THE MAIN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE COLD WAR AND A LITERATU...George Dumitrache
Ā
The first presentation for Paper 3, "The main interpretations of the Cold War and a literature review". Suitable for Cambridge Examination starting May/June and November 2016. It contains: the origins of the Cold War; orthodox traditional interpretation and the historians (Thomas Bailey, Herbert Feis, George Kennan); revisionist interpretation and the historians (William Appleman, Walter LaFeber, Gal Alperovits, Gabriel Kolko); post-revisionist interpretations and the historians (Thomas Patterson, Lewis Gaddis, Ernest May).
The Cold War, United States, USSR, Vietnam War, Korean War, Space Race, Nuclear Arms Race, Cuban Missile Crisis, Bay of Pigs, Berlin Wall, Iron Curtain, Containment Policy, Marshall Plan, John F. Kennedy, Nikita Khrushchev, Detente, Red Scare, Ronald Reagan, Perestroika, Glasnost
Chapter 2a: The Rise of Stalin (Lesson 1 of 2)
In this lesson, you will learn about the Russian Revolutions of 1917 and how they set the stage for Stalin's rise to power. We will get through a few key names and terms, such as the 'Bolsheviks', 'Communism' and 'Lenin'. You will also see a guest appearance by Les Miserables (which, I repeat, has absolutely no historical relevance to the rise of Stalin).
05. SOVIET CONTROL OF EASTERN EUROPE: The Rise of Khrushchev.PPTXGeorge Dumitrache
Ā
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and chairman of the country's Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POTSDAM CONFERENCE. THE ISSUES AND HOW THEY WERE RESOLV...George Dumitrache
Ā
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POTSDAM CONFERENCE. THE ISSUES AND HOW THEY WERE RESOLVED. THE PERSONALITIES OF THE PEACEMAKERS. Content: Potsdam location, participants: leaders and countries, post Yalta discussions, how to handle Germany, American position, agreements, changes in German society, Potsdam declaration, the atomic bomb, challenging negotiation, Churchill, Atlee, Truman and Stalin.
Chapter 1: The Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations (Lesson 2 of 3)
In this lesson, we took a look at the League of Nations. We talked about why it was formed and whether the League of Nations was effective. Finally, we considered some key examples of the League's failure, such as Manchuria and Abyssinia.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: THE MAIN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE COLD WAR AND A LITERATU...George Dumitrache
Ā
The first presentation for Paper 3, "The main interpretations of the Cold War and a literature review". Suitable for Cambridge Examination starting May/June and November 2016. It contains: the origins of the Cold War; orthodox traditional interpretation and the historians (Thomas Bailey, Herbert Feis, George Kennan); revisionist interpretation and the historians (William Appleman, Walter LaFeber, Gal Alperovits, Gabriel Kolko); post-revisionist interpretations and the historians (Thomas Patterson, Lewis Gaddis, Ernest May).
The Cold War, United States, USSR, Vietnam War, Korean War, Space Race, Nuclear Arms Race, Cuban Missile Crisis, Bay of Pigs, Berlin Wall, Iron Curtain, Containment Policy, Marshall Plan, John F. Kennedy, Nikita Khrushchev, Detente, Red Scare, Ronald Reagan, Perestroika, Glasnost
Chapter 2a: The Rise of Stalin (Lesson 1 of 2)
In this lesson, you will learn about the Russian Revolutions of 1917 and how they set the stage for Stalin's rise to power. We will get through a few key names and terms, such as the 'Bolsheviks', 'Communism' and 'Lenin'. You will also see a guest appearance by Les Miserables (which, I repeat, has absolutely no historical relevance to the rise of Stalin).
05. SOVIET CONTROL OF EASTERN EUROPE: The Rise of Khrushchev.PPTXGeorge Dumitrache
Ā
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and chairman of the country's Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POTSDAM CONFERENCE. THE ISSUES AND HOW THEY WERE RESOLV...George Dumitrache
Ā
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POTSDAM CONFERENCE. THE ISSUES AND HOW THEY WERE RESOLVED. THE PERSONALITIES OF THE PEACEMAKERS. Content: Potsdam location, participants: leaders and countries, post Yalta discussions, how to handle Germany, American position, agreements, changes in German society, Potsdam declaration, the atomic bomb, challenging negotiation, Churchill, Atlee, Truman and Stalin.
Chapter 1: The Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations (Lesson 2 of 3)
In this lesson, we took a look at the League of Nations. We talked about why it was formed and whether the League of Nations was effective. Finally, we considered some key examples of the League's failure, such as Manchuria and Abyssinia.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: TOTALITARIANISM IN STALIN'S RUSSIAGeorge Dumitrache
Ā
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: TOTALITARIANISM IN STALIN'S RUSSIA. It contains: authoritarian regimes, fascism to maintain order, back to the Great War, Lenin and the Russian Civil War, control over individual life, the totalitarian goal.
Discussion of the formation of the USSR from the Old Russia after the Russian Civil War. Stalin's take over of power in 1928. His tragic rule of the USSR the use of the Secret Police and the beginning of the "Terror": Introduction to the faces of murder.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
Ā
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesarās dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empireās birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empireās society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Ā
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Ā
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECDās Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Ā
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Ā
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
Ā
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2. REASONS FOR REVOLUTION IN RUSSIA
Czarās government
used fear and terror
Weak Leadership of
Czar Nicholas II
Russia was an autocracy!
The Czar had
complete power
Huge difference
between social classes
(4/5 of population
were peasants)
Czarās wife under influence of
Rasputin
Agitation from intelligentsia,
socialists, communists
And anarchists
Defeat in
Russo-Japanese War (1905)
Czar kept dismissing the Duma
Bloody Sunday Massacre (1905)
Russiaās Involvement in World War I
1. Defeated by German army ā many Russians captured or killed
2. Russian army had outdated and limited weapons
3. Railway network was poor ā limited transport of food and supplies
4. Czar took command of army ā He was directly to blame!
14. What part of the story is this painting depicting?
15. Soviet Empire and Socialist RealismSoviet Empire and Socialist Realism
Do Now:Do Now: Why would communist leaders want art
that looked realistic instead of abstract?
18. Death of Lenin: 1924Death of Lenin: 1924
ā¢ Lenin suffered from a
series of strokes in 1922-
1923
ā¢ He was unable to walk or
speak and eventually died
in 1924
ā¢ Lenin suffered from a
series of strokes in 1922-
1923
ā¢ He was unable to walk or
speak and eventually died
in 1924
Leninās death set off a
fearsome power struggle
between Joseph Stalin
and Leon Trotsky with
terrible consequences
for the Russian peopleā¦.
Leninās death set off a
fearsome power struggle
between Joseph Stalin
and Leon Trotsky with
terrible consequences
for the Russian peopleā¦.
19. ā¢ Prominent member of the
Politburo
ā¢ Named Secretary of the
communist party and built up
political alliances
ā¢ Ruthless and power-hungry
ā¢ Prominent member of the
Politburo
ā¢ Named Secretary of the
communist party and built up
political alliances
ā¢ Ruthless and power-hungry
StalinStalin TrotskyTrotsky
ā¢ Part of military organization
ā¢ Led the Red army to fight the White
army during the Civil War.
ā¢ Great speaker and intellectual who
wanted a world-wide communist
revolution
ā¢ Part of military organization
ā¢ Led the Red army to fight the White
army during the Civil War.
ā¢ Great speaker and intellectual who
wanted a world-wide communist
revolution
Killed in 1940!Killed in 1940!Stalin schemed his way into power,
using a series of ruthless political moves
Stalin schemed his way into power,
using a series of ruthless political moves
āI am not sure that Comrade Stalin will always use
his power properly. Comrade Trotsky, on the other
hand, is distinguished by his outstanding ability.ā
Leninās Will (1923).
āI am not sure that Comrade Stalin will always use
his power properly. Comrade Trotsky, on the other
hand, is distinguished by his outstanding ability.ā
Leninās Will (1923).
20.
21.
22. ā¢ Lenin set down the brutal rules for
the Soviet System.
ā¢ Stalin built that system into a
global power
ā¢ Lenin set down the brutal rules for
the Soviet System.
ā¢ Stalin built that system into a
global power
ā¢ Lenin was willing to share power &
tolerate some debate inside the
Party.
ā¢ Stalin insisted on absolute
obedience and all the power.
ā¢ Lenin was willing to share power &
tolerate some debate inside the
Party.
ā¢ Stalin insisted on absolute
obedience and all the power.
ā¢ Lenin took great risks to spread
Communist Revolution.
ā¢ Stalin wanted security and power
for the Soviet Union even if it
harmed the chances for
Communist revolution elsewhere.
ā¢ Lenin took great risks to spread
Communist Revolution.
ā¢ Stalin wanted security and power
for the Soviet Union even if it
harmed the chances for
Communist revolution elsewhere.
23. Glorification of StalinGlorification of Stalin
Religious PersecutionReligious Persecution
Five-Year PlansFive-Year Plans
CollectivizationCollectivization
Reign of TerrorReign of Terror
Control of Cultural LifeControl of Cultural Life
Examine images of Stalin and
categorize them into one of
these 6 groups!
24. The Glorification
of Stalin
Stalin developed what
became known as a
"personality cult".
Artists painted
pictures glorifying
Stalin and His
accomplishments.
25. The Glorification of Stalin
He gained the nickname "Uncle Joe" which was an attempt to develop an
image of a kind, homely man who was the āfatherā of all Russians.
27. ā¢ Stalin's control over Russia
meant that freedom was
the one thing that people
lost.
ā¢ The people of Russia had
to read, listen to, see and
learn only what the state
allowed.
ā¢ The stateās control of the
media was total.
State-Controlled MediaState-Controlled Media
28. This was all called "Social Realism". Those who wrote poems and novels had to
glorify Stalin. Some artists and authors were so depressed by all this that they
committed suicide rather than do what the state ordered them to do. Many others
tried to leave the country.
"Stalin as an Organizer of the October Revolution" by Karp Trokhimenko
Socialist Realism Art
29. ā¢ Those who attempted to listen to or read anything else were severely
punished and sent to labor camps.
30. According to these
images, what do you
think is a major goal
that Stalin wants to
achieve?
According to these
images, what do you
think is a major goal
that Stalin wants to
achieve?
Read Document
and answer
question
31. ā¢Stalin ended Leninās NEP, which allowed some capitalism
ā¢Agriculture was collectivized, and large scale forced labor enforced upon peasants.
ā¢Plan was to increase crop production and use profits for State industry
CollectivizationCollectivization
33. ā¢As a result of their opposition, several million peasants met
death by an engineered famine and genocide.
ā¢As a result of their opposition, several million peasants met
death by an engineered famine and genocide.
Ukrainian Famine
Film ClipFilm Clip
36. Do Now:
1. Get into groups of 4
2. Exchange Storybooks
3. Read and Critique
Storybooks using
worksheet.
4. Be honest, but also be
kind!
1. Get into groups of 4
2. Exchange Storybooks
3. Read and Critique
Storybooks using
worksheet.
4. Be honest, but also be
kind!
37. Industrialization
ā¢Stalin started the rapid
development of economy with
Five-Year Plans, first of
which were launched in 1927.
ā¢All the resources were
commanded by state to
ensure rapid industrialization.
ā¢Heavy investment was done
in industry, at the cost of
agriculture and consumer
goods.
ā¢Stalin started the rapid
development of economy with
Five-Year Plans, first of
which were launched in 1927.
ā¢All the resources were
commanded by state to
ensure rapid industrialization.
ā¢Heavy investment was done
in industry, at the cost of
agriculture and consumer
goods.
44. A Russian
Family with
Stalin.
A Russian
Family with
Stalin.
Cultural
Life
How does Stalin use
Socialist Realist Art and
Propaganda to control
people?
How does Stalin use
Socialist Realist Art and
Propaganda to control
people?
45. 'Thanks to the Party,
Thanks to Dear Stalin for
a Happy, Joyful
Childhood'
How does Stalin use Socialist
Realist Art and Propaganda to
control people?
How does Stalin use Socialist
Realist Art and Propaganda to
control people?
51. ā¢ The Great Purges ā 1934 and 1939.
ā¢ Stalin put on āshow trialsā, where the accused pleaded guilty to impossible charges of
treason.
ā¢ During Stalin's rule of the country over 20 million people were sent to labor camps,
where nearly half of them died.
ā¢ The Great Purges ā 1934 and 1939.
ā¢ Stalin put on āshow trialsā, where the accused pleaded guilty to impossible charges of
treason.
ā¢ During Stalin's rule of the country over 20 million people were sent to labor camps,
where nearly half of them died.
Reign of Terror
55. Why the hell would anyone make those works on their
own? We were ordered. If you didnāt agree to do it,
they would either kill you or send you to Siberia.
Naturally the entire culture was declared as a tool for
propaganda. If you wanted to do something for
yourself, art for yourself, you had to also give a tribute
to the ideology.ā
- Lithuanian artist
Why the hell would anyone make those works on their
own? We were ordered. If you didnāt agree to do it,
they would either kill you or send you to Siberia.
Naturally the entire culture was declared as a tool for
propaganda. If you wanted to do something for
yourself, art for yourself, you had to also give a tribute
to the ideology.ā
- Lithuanian artist
Social-Realism
āSocial on the inside and realistic on the outside,ā
the most effective style for controlling the public.
60. In turn, artists complied with State demands and produced in a naturalist,
academic style. They wouldn't dare to even dream of abstract art.
In turn, artists complied with State demands and produced in a naturalist,
academic style. They wouldn't dare to even dream of abstract art.
āIdeas are more powerful than
guns. We would not let our
enemies have guns, why should
we let them have ideas.ā
Trotsky was brilliant, but nobody liked him:
they thought he was too big-headed.
Secretary Stalin told him the wrong date for Leninās funeral, so he missed it ā this made him more unpopular.
Trotsky also wanted to try to cause a world revolution; many Russians feared that this would ruin Russia.
Alexey Stakhanov ā Miner in Soviet Union and Hero of Socialist Labor
Stalin Propaganda Poster (1937) Caption reads: 'Thanks to the Party, Thanks to Dear Stalin for a Happy, Joyful Childhood'