The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024
Ussr.ppt
1. U S S R
PRESENTED BY:
PINAL VEKARIYA
SUBMITED TO:
PROF. MIRA SAVALIYA
EN.NO: 167600585033
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2. WHAT WAS?
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a
constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia from
1922 to 1991. The common short name is Soviet Union.
The “The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics”
Russian revolution of 1917
Formally established in 1922
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3. CON..
15 sub national soviets
Centralised economy and planning
One party rule
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4. Countries in the Soviet Union
1. Russian Federation
2. Kazakhstan
3. Ukraine
4. Turkmenistan
5. Uzbekistan
6. Belarus
7. Kyrgyzstan
8. Tajikistan
9. Azerbaijan
10. Georgia
11. Lithuania
12. Latvia
13. Estonia
14. Moldova
15. Armenia
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6. Why the USSR Collapsed..
Beginnings of the Soviet Command Economy
Initial Period of Rapid Growth
Slowing Growth and the Beginning of Reforms
Perestroika and Collapse
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7. FLAG
The color is red and has a
symbol: is a hammer crossed
with a sickle and a star…
The hammer and sickle
symbolized the nation's workers
and peasants.
The star represented the rule of
the Communist Party.
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9. SPACE RACE
Billions Spends to compete with USA
Firsts –
o Satellite
o Animal in space
o Cosmonaut
o Women in space
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10. ARMS RACE
Nuclear arsenal largest in word
Billions spent on huge army
Mutually assured destruction
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11. COLD WAR
To increase communist influence, support to Cuba, north
Korea, Vietnam, Laos, china, and many others communist
nations .
Material and technology spent on these nation cost a lost of
money.
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13. DECLINE IN ECONOMY
→ Tight state control over
economy and absence of
free market economy was
draining the USSR’s
economic strengths.
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14. MIKHAIL GORBACHEV
General secretary of the communist party of soviet union in
1985.
To make socialism more efficient and bring economy out of
stagnation he launched two politics –
1) Glasnost
2) Perestroika
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17. EASTERN EUROPE
Relaxed policies lead to demand of sovereignty and
independence in eastern and central Europe and also in the
15 sub national soviets.
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18. 1989-year of Revaluations
From summer of 1989 till 1991 Revaluation in Poland hungry
east Germany Czechoslovakia Bulgaria Romania Yugoslavia.
Nationalist movements to gain independence from USSR
influence and communist puppet governments.
Gorbachev did not send army to suppress any of the protests
or movements.
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19. Berlin wall fell in November of 1989
December 1989-bush Sr. announces end of cold war
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20. DOMMINO EFFECT
Starting from 1987 these soviets declared sovereignty or
independence .
o Estonia
o Latvia
o ALithuania
were is first ones
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21. Throughout 1990 and 1991 one by one all the 15 sub national
soviets became independence.
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22. AUGUST COUP
On 19 Aug 1991, a group of senior party leaders attempted a
coup by placing Gorbachev under house arrest and
demanding the restoration of USSR.
Failed as the people in cities rose against it and the majority
of red army refused to support the coup leaders.
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23. BORIS YELSTIN
Leader of Moscow unit of communist party
Advocated for independence Russia leader of public in the
coup became the first elected president of Russia in July
1991
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24. After failed coup
Break up process accelerated.
8 December 1991-the president of Russia , Ukraine and
Belarus signed the Belavenzha accords , which dissolved the
USSR and established the commonwealth of independence
states (CIS) In its place.
Alma Ata declaration on 21 December .
Gorbachev resigns as president of USSR on 25 December.
Supreme soviet dissolves the union 26 December.
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25. CON..
Severe economics contraction and catastrophic fall in living
standard in post-soviet stats.
Increase in poverty, crime, corruption, unemployment, disease
and income inequality.
Decrease in life expectancy, adult literacy, an income.
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