This presentation explains about route surveying, its needs, application, methods etcc.,

1. Route surveying
Route Survey―a survey for determining the
route of a proposed pipeline, power line, cable,
road or other linear facilities in order to
acquire a right-of-way, servitude or easement
from the property owner being crossed.
- Prakash Kumar SekarPrakash Kumar Sekar

2. Reconnaissance Survey
Gather sufficient information to select
one or more possible route
• Assemble basic information
– Topographic maps
– Cadastral maps / GIS
– Aerial photos
Prakash Kumar Sekar

3. Reconnaissance Survey
• Evaluate
– General topography
– Geology
– Meteorological statistics
– Flood records
– Unsuitable terrain
– Land use and ownership / Local Authority’s
GIS
– Existing services
– Existing communicationsPrakash Kumar Sekar

4. Reconnaissance Survey
• Field reconnaissance to confirm
assembled data
• Choose possible routes
• NOTIFY RELEVANT AUTHORITIES
Prakash Kumar Sekar

5. Preliminary Surveying
• Collect sufficient information to design
the horizontal and vertical alignment
and thus:
– Likely earthwork quantities
– Intersection details
– Bridge and culvert sites
– Stream diversions
– Land resumptions
– Water catchments
– Flood levels
– Road building material
– Total cost Prakash Kumar Sekar

6. culvert
Prakash Kumar Sekar

7. Preliminary Survey
• Survey methodology
– Place traverse stations along proposed
route
– Establish basic horizontal and vertical
control
– Control traverse between traverse
stations for horizontal coordinates
– Spirit level vertical control (if necessary)
– Draw paper location for minimum gradient
and curvature, earthwork, suitable cross
section
Prakash Kumar Sekar

8. Preliminary Survey
It is taken by three party
• The transit party
– Consists of four to seven person conducts
traverse and measure azimith
– Records topographical details, property lines,
drainage structures pipe lines, road and
railways
Prakash Kumar Sekar

9. • The level party (3 person)
– Establish bench marks
– Conducts l-S and C-S surveying
• Topography or cross section party
• Detail topography survey
Prakash Kumar Sekar

10. Working Survey
• A working survey must provide data of
sufficient accuracy and extent for the
satisfactory detailed design of the road
and the later setting-out for
construction.
Prakash Kumar Sekar

11. Working Survey
• Survey Marks
– Pegs (75mm * 50mm) are placed along the
centre line (straight and curves) at 20 / 50
metre intervals
– Offsets (75mm * 50mm pegs, short star
pickets driven flush) placed left and right of
centre line
• 200 metre intervals
• beginning, centre and end of curves
– level and check level all centre line and
offset pegs Prakash Kumar Sekar

12. Working Survey
• Survey Marks, cont
– establish benchmarks
• at 1km intervals
• at bridge and culvert sites
Prakash Kumar Sekar

13. CONSTRUCTION SURVEY
urban equivalent to the Working Survey
• route is pre-determined by the presence
of existing road reserves
• general survey requirements are the
same as for Working Surveys
• density of detail is such that the
procedures of observation and
recording may have to be varied
Prakash Kumar Sekar

14. Route Surveying for highway
• Recinnaisance Survey
– Alignment should avoid cutting and banking
– No obstruction
– Gradient
– Avoid cross drainage works
– Type of soil, flood level
– Source of construction material
– Type of terrain
Prakash Kumar Sekar

15. Preliminary survey for highway
• Primary traverse
• Topographical survey
• Leveling work
• Hydrological data
• Soil survey
• Establishing bench marks
• Intersection of canals rivers and property
Prakash Kumar Sekar

16. Location survey for Highway
• Centerline line is marked at 30m interval
• Benchmark for every 300m
• Cross section for every 30m
• All detail of cross drainage work
• Topographical detail
• Soil survey
• Total land width of highway
• Tangent points and intersection pointsPrakash Kumar Sekar

17. Route Survey for water ways
• Have both historical and modern
importance
• ocean water transportation
– 75% of world trade
– Also passenger transportation
– Military purposes
Prakash Kumar Sekar

18. Route Survey for water ways
• Inland water transportation
– Oldest form of transportation
– Uses canal or river
– Factors affecting inland transportation
• Diversion of rivers
• Deforestation
• Less importance
Prakash Kumar Sekar

19. Route Survey for water ways
• Topographical survey, hydrographic survey
and soil investigation
• Regular dredge to avoid silt formation
– Bucket or ladder dredger
– Hydraulics or cutter dredger
– Grab dredger
– Dipper dredger
– Rock dredger
Prakash Kumar Sekar