Orthopedics 5th year, 2nd lecture (Dr. Omar Barawi)
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Acute haematogenous osteomyelitis is a bone infection most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus that enters the bone through the bloodstream. In children it often settles in the metaphysis of long bones, while in adults it more commonly affects the vertebrae. Symptoms include pain, fever, and inflammation at the infected site. Treatment involves antibiotics based on culture results, analgesics, drainage of pus if present, and splinting of the area. Prompt and effective treatment is needed to prevent complications like chronic osteomyelitis or growth disturbances.
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This document discusses chronic osteomyelitis, including its causes, types, clinical features, investigations, staging, treatment, and differential diagnosis. Chronic osteomyelitis is caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus entering bone through breaks in the skin or surgery. It is characterized by destruction of bone tissue, formation of cavities containing pus and dead bone, and chronic inflammation. Diagnosis involves imaging like x-rays and biopsy. Treatment consists of long-term antibiotics, surgery to remove infected tissue, and management of any underlying risks or complications.
Osteomyelitis In Adults
This document discusses osteomyelitis, an infection of bone. It describes the classification systems of Waldvogel and Cierny-Mader, which categorize osteomyelitis based on duration, pathogenesis, anatomical involvement, and host physiology. Common types include hematogenous osteomyelitis from bacteremia and contiguous osteomyelitis from a nearby soft tissue infection. Diagnosis involves imaging, labs, and bone biopsy for culture and pathology. Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent pathogen.
Osteomyelitis.ppt
Osteomyelitis is inflammation of bone and bone marrow that can be caused by bacteria (pyogenic osteomyelitis) or tuberculosis. Pyogenic osteomyelitis is usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus and can spread hematogenously or from a contiguous site. It causes bone necrosis, formation of sequestra and involucrum. Tuberculous osteomyelitis mainly affects the spine and long bones, causing caseous necrosis and abscesses. Specific forms include Brodie abscess, tuberculous osteomyelitis, and syphilitic osteomyelitis from congenital or acquired syphilis.
bone diseases.pptx
1) Acute osteomyelitis is a bacterial infection of bone that typically affects children under 5 years old. It spreads hematogenously from sites like skin infections.
2) Symptoms include fever, bone pain, and refusal to use the affected limb. Diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging like x-rays and MRIs, and aspirating fluid from bone or abscesses.
3) Treatment consists of antibiotics, drainage of abscesses, and sometimes drilling into bone to relieve pressure. Complications include spread to joints, bones, or internally. Without proper treatment, it can become chronic osteomyelitis.
Orthopedics 5th year, 3rd lecture (Dr. Omar Barawi)
1. Acute suppurative arthritis is usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Haemophilus influenzae invading a joint through a wound, injection, or arthroscopy.
2. It presents with acute pain, swelling, and limited movement in the affected joint as well as general symptoms like fever. Joint fluid analysis usually confirms the diagnosis.
3. Treatment involves intravenous antibiotics, splinting the joint, draining pus if present, and gentle movement once the infection clears to prevent joint stiffness.
septicarthritis-140504005810-phpapp01.pdf
This document discusses septic arthritis, which is a joint inflammation caused by an infection. It most commonly affects children under 5 and joints like the knee, hip, elbow and shoulder. Common causes are bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. Symptoms include fever, pain and reluctance to move the joint. Diagnosis involves blood tests, joint aspiration and imaging. Treatment requires antibiotics, joint drainage if needed, and several weeks of immobilization. Complications can include joint destruction if left untreated. It also describes Tom Smith arthritis, a type of septic arthritis of the hip that destroys the femoral head in infants.
Septic arthritis
This document discusses septic arthritis, which is a joint inflammation caused by infection. It most commonly affects children under 5 and joints like the knee, hip, elbow and shoulder. Common causes are bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. Symptoms include fever, pain and reluctance to move the joint. Diagnosis involves blood tests, joint aspiration and imaging. Treatment requires antibiotics, joint drainage if needed, and several weeks of immobilization. Complications can include joint destruction and osteomyelitis if not treated promptly.
Malignant Otitis Externa.pptx
Skull base osteomyelitis is a rare complication of otitis externa in which soft tissue pathogens have spread to the periosteum and temporal bone of the skull causing necrosis.
Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis is an inflammation of bone and bone marrow that can be caused by bacteria (pyogenic osteomyelitis) or tuberculosis. Pyogenic osteomyelitis is usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus and can spread hematogenously or from a contiguous site. It causes bone necrosis, formation of abscesses, and sequestrum (dead bone). Chronic osteomyelitis results in the formation of involucrum, which is living bone surrounding dead bone. Complications include bone deformities, pathological fractures, and rarely, malignant transformation of skin at draining sinus sites. Tuberculous osteomyelitis most commonly affects the spine and long bones, causing caseous necrosis and destruction.
Hematogenous Osteomyelitis
1. Hematogenous osteomyelitis is a bacterial infection of the bone that most commonly affects the metaphysis of long bones in children. Staphylococcus aureus is the primary cause in 70-90% of cases.
2. Infection typically begins in the vascular metaphyseal region of bones and can spread to the joint space in young children. Symptoms include fever, bone pain, and local swelling. Diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging, and bone aspiration to confirm bacteria.
3. Treatment involves IV antibiotics targeting S. aureus for 2-4 weeks, followed by oral antibiotics if the child improves. Surgery to drain abscesses may be needed
Acute Osteomyelitis
Student Seminar Presentation under supervision of orthopedic specialist. Reference as mentioned in the slides.
5-180530184831.pdf
Acute osteomyelitis is a bone infection, usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus, that can progress to bone destruction. It has a bimodal age distribution in children under 5 and adults over 50. Symptoms include fever and pain at the infected bone. Diagnosis involves blood tests, bone biopsy and imaging tests. Treatment is with antibiotics and sometimes surgery to drain pus. Antibiotics are given for weeks or months to prevent recurrence or progression to chronic osteomyelitis.
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