The world population is currently around 7.7 billion people. Australia's population is around 25 million, with Sydney's population being over 5 million. Every year the global population increases by around 90 million people due to high fertility rates, especially in Africa where 40% of the population is under 15. Africa will experience the greatest population growth by 2050, while countries like Japan and Russia will see declines. Major population trends include rapid urbanization, with over half the world's population now living in urban areas, and the rise of megacities with populations over 10 million.

1. Population Geography
Year 11 Geography

3. LEVEL 1: What is the current
population of:
World:
Australia:
Sydney:

4. World Population Timeline Through History

5. Every year approx. 90 million
people are added to global
population
Trends will continue to grow
due to 25% of people are
0-15 age.
It is likely world population
will peak at 11.8 Billon by
2100
World Population Trends

6. HOW MANY PEOPLE HAVE
LIVED ON EARTH?
106 BILLION
6% OF THE CURRENT
POPULATION

7. World Population Explosion

8. WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS TO
THE PLANET OF A POPULATION
AT 11.2 BILLION?

9. Fertility Rates, Life
Expectancy and % of the
population under 15 is used
to predict future trends
Africa will experience the
greatest growth by 2050
India, Nigeria and Indonesia
will see significant growth
whilst Japan and Russia will
decline
Demographic Trends

10. Population of Countries Timeline

12. What are the issues with Japan’s population
decline?

14. What are the reasons for Africa Population
Boom?

15. 40% of the population
is aged 0-14
Fertility Rates have
slowed down but
more children are to
be born
Improved healthcare
to decrease mortality
rates has been a main
contributor
Africa

16. Which country has the
lowest fertility rate?

17. Which country has the
highest fertility rate?

20. Fertility Rates

22. Globally maternal death is coming
down but in the USA it is going up
WHY?

23. Important Terms at this Point…

24. Population planning between 1978 - 2015
Implemented to curb rapid population growth
It was nation-wide but more effective in urban areas
China’s One Child Policy

25. Was it effective?

27. What were the outcomes of the
One Child Policy in China?

28. Experiences of the One Child Policy

34. Hungary Population Case

35. Hungary Population Case

38. The Ageing World Population

39. Population Movements

40. Population Movements
Migration is the process of moving
from one location to another
Emigration (international)-
Outwards of a country
Immigration (international) - into
a country
Internal migration - inside a
country e.g. rural-urban
Displaced Person - Forced from
origin, this can be internal as
well

42. International Migration

43. Types of migrants

46. European Refugee Crisis

49. What are the Advantages and
Disadvantages of Migration?

53. CASE STUDY: ASYLUM SEEKERS/REFUGESS
• Definition: has a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race,
religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social
group
• A key provision in the document is that refugees should not be returned
to a country where they fear they will be persecuted. (principle of non-
refoulement)
1951 UN Refugee Convention

56. THE TAMPA AFFAIR 2001
• The Howard Govt
refuses permission of
the Tampa boat which
rescued 433 Muslim
asylum seekers in
international waters
near Australia
• The decision by the
Australian
government became
a strong election
issue, especially at a
time of international
fear of terrorism

58. Immigration Refugee

60. WORLD OVERVIEW OF REFUGEES

61. Internal Migrations
Rural-Urban Migration -
The last 100 years this has
been a global event, 54% of
the world is urban.
14% was urban in 1900
30% in 1950
50% in 2008
60% by 2025

62. Biggest Internal Migration in History

63. Push and Pull Factors of Migration

64. The Rise of the
Megacity
A city that has a
population of 10 million
or more
Urban Agglomerations
In 1950 there were two:
New York and Tokyo
In 2017 there are 47

66. What do we call when two
cities joined together?
CONURBATION

68. Does Australia have a
megacity?
NO

69. What are the
challenges in
Megacities?

70. World’s Biggest Slums

71. Counter-Urbanisation
(Decentralisation)
Movement out of cities
Types of groups: people
able to work out of the
city, retirees, services
provided in other
centres
Developed world areas:
USA, Europe, Australia

72. Urban Consolidation
Movement from low housing density to high housing
density
It counteracts urban sprawl and tries to contain
population within a given spatial area