The document discusses factors that affect population distribution and provides examples. It notes that population distribution refers to the spatial arrangement of a population in a region, while density refers to proportional concentration. Key factors determining distribution include physical characteristics like climate, landforms, resources as well as human factors such as politics, economics and social organization. India is provided as a case study, with data showing it has the second largest population in the world at over 1.3 billion people distributed unevenly across its land area. The conclusion emphasizes understanding population patterns and their relationship to environmental variables is important for predicting future growth and developing sustainable policies.

1. Dhrita Roy
Population Distribution

2. Introduction
• Distribution of population is the spatial arrangement of the population of
a definite region in a certain population (Kumar, 2015). At first, a
distinction must be made between population distribution and density for
better understanding. Population distribution is a locational property
where density is proportional (Chandna 1994).
• In most countries of the world the geographic distribution of the
population is not even with varying degrees of concentration of
population giving rise to varying densities in the different parts of the
world. The main factors determining population distribution are : climate,
landforms, topography, soil, energy and mineral resources, accessibility
like distance from sea coast, natural harbors, navigable rivers or canals,
cultural factors, political boundaries, controls on migration and trade,
government policies, types of economic activities, technology including
type of farming and transportation facilities, social organization and but
not the least, demographic factors like changes in natural increase and
migration.

3. Factors affecting population distribution

4. Physical factors: relief
• Mountainous land - sparsely
populated
• Flat land - higher density populations

5. Physical factors: resources
• Water, fertile soil, fish,
wood, coal, oil....

6. Physical factors: climate
• Temperate climates - more densely
populated than extreme climates

7. Human factors
• Political factors – government stability
• Social factors - desire of people to live
close to one another
• Economic factors - job opportunities

8. Source: https://www.tes.com/lessons/CLlGHXNJklvySA/copy-of-population-distribution-patterns

9. Cont.

10. Scenario of India
India is the second most
populated country in the world with
nearly a fifth of the world's population.
According to the 2019 revision of the
World Population Prospects population
stood at 1,352,642,280.
The current population of India
contributes to 17% of the global
population. Also, all these people are
unevenly distributed across 3.28 million
square kilometers of our geographical
area.
Source: Census of India, 2011

12. Conclusion
It is important to understand how and where the population is distributed
throughout the world since populations are not uniformly distributed on Earth’s
landmass and neither are physical environments. It is also important to understand
the effects of different changes in population on the world. It is useful to
understand spatially where the population is located presently and where it may
move in the future, since the future of population of the world is difficult to predict.
By understanding certain patterns and understanding which factors have the
heaviest impact on population density and total population, it is possible to predict
the future growth or possible decline in global population, and also locate them
spatially throughout the world. Then it will be possible to develop policies that can
protect the environment, allow for sustainability of the planet, and allow the
continued change of global population. The results of the study did not go as
expected, as it was assumed that there would be a greater correlation between the
distributions of population to the variables of environmental factors

13. References
Kumar, M. (2015). A Study of Population Distribution. IV(Iii), 24–28.
Chandna, R.C., (1994): A Geography of Population – Concepts,
Determinants and Patterns, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi. 3.
nguyễn hồ quốc linh “Population Distribution”
www.linhgeography.blogspot.in/2010/04/population-distribution.html
Jahidul Islam Nahid’s “World pattern of population distribution”
https://www.academia.edu/12602831/World_pattern_of_population_distri
bution
https://www.tes.com/lessons/CLlGHXNJklvySA/copy-of-population-
distribution-patterns
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_India