This document provides an overview of population geography as an academic discipline. It discusses key thinkers who established population geography as a subfield of human geography. It also outlines major topics of focus for population geography, including population size and distribution, dynamics of growth, and qualities/characteristics of populations. The document contrasts population geography with related fields like demography and population studies, noting geography's emphasis on spatial variation and relationships between places. It also briefly discusses the development of population geography as a topic of study in India.
Definition,meaning, scope,approach, and aim of urban-geographyKamrul Islam Karim
What is Urban Geography?
It can be considered a sub-discipline of the larger field of human geography with overlaps of content with that of Cultural Geography
Definition of Urban Geography.
Urban geography is the study of urban places with reference to their geographical environment.
Urban geography is the sub discipline of geography which concentrates on those parts of the Earth's surface that have a high concentration of buildings and infrastructure
.
It is that branch of science, which deals with the study of urban areas, in terms of concentration, infrastructure, economy, and environmental impacts.
Griffith Taylor- Urban Geography includes the site revolution pattern and classification of towns.
Dudley Stamp- Urban Geography is infecting the intensive study of town and their development in all their geographical aspects.
Meaning of an Urban Place
UN Demographic Year Book concludes: “There is no point in the continuum from large agglomerations to small clusters or scattered dwellings where urbanity disappears and rurality begins the division between urban and rural populations is necessarily arbitrary.”
A review of the problems of rural and urban centres as revealed by the Census Reports of various countries identifies a few bases for reckoning a place as urban.
Difference between rural and urban depends upon their nature of work – the former being engaged in agricultural operations and the latter in non-agricultural activities.
Criteria of an Urban Place
(1) A place designated by administrative status;
(2) A minimum population;
(3) A minimum population density;
(4) A concept of contiguity to include or exclude under suburban area or loosely scattered settlement;
(5) A proportion engaged in non-agricultural occupations; and
(6) A functional character.
Attributes of Urban Geography
Scope/nature/theme of Urban Geography
Methods or Approaches of Urban Places
Aim of urban geography
POPULATION GEOGRAPHY vs. DEMOGRAPHY
Preface of the terms.
Variability between the terms.
Skills to the study of Population Geography.
Importance of Demographics and its Data.
Factors examined by the field of demography.
Demographic Transition Theory (DTT).
Population Pyramid.
Association between the terms.
Stats / Graphs of India – with referencing to Population and Demography.
India’s population projection.
Bibliography.
let's learn about dichotomy and dualism. Dichotomy is a division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different. It can also mean repeated branching into two equal parts1. For example, there is often a dichotomy between what politicians say and what they do. Hello, this is Bing. Dualism has different meanings depending on the context. In general, it is the division of something conceptually into two opposed or contrasted aspects, or the state of being so divided1. For example, in philosophy, dualism is a theory that considers reality to consist of two irreducible elements or modes, such as mind and matter2. In religion, dualism is the belief in two supreme opposed powers or gods, or sets of divine or demonic beings, that caused the world to exist3.
What kind of dualism are you interested in? 🤔
Learn more:
1. bing.com
2. merriam-webster.com
3. britannica.com
4. dictionary.com
5. plato.stanford.edu
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Philosophical dualism.
Religious dualism.
Other types of dualism.
Definition,meaning, scope,approach, and aim of urban-geographyKamrul Islam Karim
What is Urban Geography?
It can be considered a sub-discipline of the larger field of human geography with overlaps of content with that of Cultural Geography
Definition of Urban Geography.
Urban geography is the study of urban places with reference to their geographical environment.
Urban geography is the sub discipline of geography which concentrates on those parts of the Earth's surface that have a high concentration of buildings and infrastructure
.
It is that branch of science, which deals with the study of urban areas, in terms of concentration, infrastructure, economy, and environmental impacts.
Griffith Taylor- Urban Geography includes the site revolution pattern and classification of towns.
Dudley Stamp- Urban Geography is infecting the intensive study of town and their development in all their geographical aspects.
Meaning of an Urban Place
UN Demographic Year Book concludes: “There is no point in the continuum from large agglomerations to small clusters or scattered dwellings where urbanity disappears and rurality begins the division between urban and rural populations is necessarily arbitrary.”
A review of the problems of rural and urban centres as revealed by the Census Reports of various countries identifies a few bases for reckoning a place as urban.
Difference between rural and urban depends upon their nature of work – the former being engaged in agricultural operations and the latter in non-agricultural activities.
Criteria of an Urban Place
(1) A place designated by administrative status;
(2) A minimum population;
(3) A minimum population density;
(4) A concept of contiguity to include or exclude under suburban area or loosely scattered settlement;
(5) A proportion engaged in non-agricultural occupations; and
(6) A functional character.
Attributes of Urban Geography
Scope/nature/theme of Urban Geography
Methods or Approaches of Urban Places
Aim of urban geography
POPULATION GEOGRAPHY vs. DEMOGRAPHY
Preface of the terms.
Variability between the terms.
Skills to the study of Population Geography.
Importance of Demographics and its Data.
Factors examined by the field of demography.
Demographic Transition Theory (DTT).
Population Pyramid.
Association between the terms.
Stats / Graphs of India – with referencing to Population and Demography.
India’s population projection.
Bibliography.
let's learn about dichotomy and dualism. Dichotomy is a division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different. It can also mean repeated branching into two equal parts1. For example, there is often a dichotomy between what politicians say and what they do. Hello, this is Bing. Dualism has different meanings depending on the context. In general, it is the division of something conceptually into two opposed or contrasted aspects, or the state of being so divided1. For example, in philosophy, dualism is a theory that considers reality to consist of two irreducible elements or modes, such as mind and matter2. In religion, dualism is the belief in two supreme opposed powers or gods, or sets of divine or demonic beings, that caused the world to exist3.
What kind of dualism are you interested in? 🤔
Learn more:
1. bing.com
2. merriam-webster.com
3. britannica.com
4. dictionary.com
5. plato.stanford.edu
+3 more
Like
Dislike
Copy
Export
Philosophical dualism.
Religious dualism.
Other types of dualism.
Paradigm is just a way of your interpretation that how you interpret something. And geographic paradigms have changed time by time. In previous time we think of a one continent Pangea but now we are familiar with several. It is a long debate to discuss it in a detail. There is only one thing to learn from this slide is the development of knowledge and advancement in technology have changed our perspectives and assumption about the geographical land on which we are living. Change is absolute which take you on ride from one side of picture to other side. Then you have many paradigms of one picture.
City region is a term in use since about 1950 by urbanists, economists and urban planners to mean a metropolitan area and hinterland, often having a shared administration. Typically, it denotes a city, conurbation or urban zone with multiple administrative districts, but sharing resources like a central business district , labour market and transport network such that it functions as a single unit.
the concept of city regions
stages of urban development
kcro dmh kansas city mo
liverpool city region
global city region
sheffield city region
cardiff city website
urban development models
gayathrysatheesanslieshare
ciity region ppt
Trewartha approach in studying population geography. Sushanta Gupta
According to Trewartha, Population is the point of reference from which all the other elements are observed and from which they all, singly and collectively, derive significance and meaning. It is population which furnishes the focus
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
This notes about Introduction to Economic Geography. Which helped to Geography & Environmental Science department students.
In this note I will discourse about:
1) The concept of Economic Geography
2) Historical Vs Modern economic geography
The primary aim of studying settlement geography is to acquaint with the spatial and structural characteristics of human settlements under varied environmental conditions.
Paradigm is just a way of your interpretation that how you interpret something. And geographic paradigms have changed time by time. In previous time we think of a one continent Pangea but now we are familiar with several. It is a long debate to discuss it in a detail. There is only one thing to learn from this slide is the development of knowledge and advancement in technology have changed our perspectives and assumption about the geographical land on which we are living. Change is absolute which take you on ride from one side of picture to other side. Then you have many paradigms of one picture.
City region is a term in use since about 1950 by urbanists, economists and urban planners to mean a metropolitan area and hinterland, often having a shared administration. Typically, it denotes a city, conurbation or urban zone with multiple administrative districts, but sharing resources like a central business district , labour market and transport network such that it functions as a single unit.
the concept of city regions
stages of urban development
kcro dmh kansas city mo
liverpool city region
global city region
sheffield city region
cardiff city website
urban development models
gayathrysatheesanslieshare
ciity region ppt
Trewartha approach in studying population geography. Sushanta Gupta
According to Trewartha, Population is the point of reference from which all the other elements are observed and from which they all, singly and collectively, derive significance and meaning. It is population which furnishes the focus
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
This notes about Introduction to Economic Geography. Which helped to Geography & Environmental Science department students.
In this note I will discourse about:
1) The concept of Economic Geography
2) Historical Vs Modern economic geography
The primary aim of studying settlement geography is to acquaint with the spatial and structural characteristics of human settlements under varied environmental conditions.
Human Ecology is the study and assessment of the mutual interconnections between people and their environments at multiple scales and multiple time frames [1]. The subject is informed by ecological and evolutionary theory in biology and by the predominant concepts of landscape and spatial relationships in geography; but recognizes that humans have gradually achieved partial ecological and geographical dominance through their culturally given but continually changing technology and social, economic, and political arrangements. Human ecology subsumes such specialized approaches to these relationships and links as cultural ecology, political ecology, geography, ecological anthropology, environmental sociology, environmental economics, environmental psychology, and environmental history [2].
6].
Ethnography is a qualitative research method that seeks to understBetseyCalderon89
Ethnography is a qualitative research method that seeks to understand cultural phenomena that reflect the knowledge and meanings that guide the life of cultural groups within their own environment. While the origins of ethnography lie in the socio-cultural anthropology of the nineteenth century, it is now widely used in sociology, communications studies, educational and medical research, and history – subjects where the intention is to study people, ethnic groups and cultures. However, ethnography remains a contested and, in the view of Jordan and Yeomans (1995), an often loosely used term. Hammersley and Atkinson (2007: 1) see ethnography as
… a particular method or sets of methods. In its most characteristic form it involves the ethnographer participating, overtly or covertly, in people’s lives for an extended period of time, watching what happens, listening to what is said, asking questions.
For Willis and Trondman (2000: 5) it is
... a family of methods involving sustained social contact with agents, and richly writing up the encounter, respecting, recording, representing at least partly in its own terms, the irreducibility of human experience.
Ethnographers, then, as participant observers, look at and record people’s way of life and take an emic (folk or inside) and etic (analytic or outside) approach to describing communities and cultures. The research is carried out in natural settings and is sympathetic to those settings. Traditionally those involved in ethnographic research spend long periods of time in the place of study, and are able to produce thick written cultural descriptions that communicate the information found in the field, or, in the words of Fetterman (2010: 1), ‘a credible, rigorous and authentic story’. While in the past, ethnographers may have travelled to distant places to study ‘exotic’ tribes or groups, contemporary ethnography can concern itself with more mundane locations such as shopping malls, libraries, parks, workplaces, households, communities, cities and even information systems and cyberspace.
Ethnographic accounts seek to be both descriptive and interpretive. Description is important because a high level of detail is essential. Interpretation is equally important because the ethnographer must determine the significance of what s/he observes. Ethnographic research typically employs three kinds of data collection methods, namely observation, interviews and documents, often employing all three methods in a single study. These in turn produce three kinds of data: quotations, descriptions and excerpts of documents. The aim of ethnographic research is to produce narrative descriptions that help to tell ‘the story’ (Hammersley, 1990). Ethnographic methods can help in the development of constructs, themes or variables, but ethnography is also used to test theory. Indeed no study, ethnographic or otherwise, can be conducted without recourse to theory whether scholarly or personal (Fetterman, 2010).
Image 17.1 The o ...
Mechanism of Plate Tectonics and Resultant LandformsMithun Ray
Plate tectonics is a scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of Earth’s subterranean movements. The theory transformed the earth sciences by explaining many phenomena, including mountain building events, volcanoes, and earthquakes.
By going through this presentation, students will be able to understand the diversity within Geography. Introductory and comprehensive details have been given about each branch of Geography.
By going through this presentation, students will be able to understand the meaning and derivation of the word 'Geography', definition of 'Geography' as a discipline and the plurality character of Geography
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Scope and content of population geography
1. Scope and Content of
Population Geography
Mithun Ray
Department of Geography
Malda College (University of Gour Banga)
E-mail: mithunmc@maldacollege.ac.in
2. Geography has traditionally ben concerned with man-environment relationship.
Man and his activities on the earth surface have occupied an important place in
the discipline for a very long time.
It was Friedrich Ratzel (1844-1904), who established the new subdiscipline, i.e.,
human geography for which he coined the term Anthropogeographie
He had keen interest in the mode of life of different tribes, races and nations.
Alfred Hettener, another German geographer and a contemporary of Ratzel,
regarded the study of population as an integral part of the general field of human
geography.
Introduction
3. Roots of Population Geography
In the year 1951, Pierre George, a French Geographer, for the first time,
presented a very comprehensive treatment of the facts of population
geography.
However, the emergence and recognition of population geography as a new
sub-branch of human geography is largely attributed to the influential
statement of Trewartha in the early 1950s.
Since geography is fundamentally anthropocentric in nature, number, densities
and qualities of population provide the essential background to all geography.
Population is the point of reference from which all other elements are observed,
and from which they all, singly or collectively, derive significance and meaning.
It is population which furnishes focus.
Trewartha, G.T. (1953)
4. Definition of Population Geography
The term ‘Population’ signifies the subject matter and ‘geography’ refers to the
perspective of investigation.
Study of population in spatial
perspective
5. Pioneer books on Population Geography
Population Geography by John I. Clarke (1965)
A Prologue to Population Geography by Wilbur Zelinsky (1966)
A Geography of Population: World Patterns by G.T. Trewartha (1969)
Geographie de la population by Daniel Noin (1979)
6. Scope of Population Geography
According to G.T. Trewartha:
1. A historical (pre-historic and post- historic)
account of population
2. Dynamics of number, size, distribution and
growth patterns; and
3. Qualities of population and their regional
distribution.
Quality of Population:
Physical (race, sex, age, health etc.)
Socio-economic (religion, education, occupation, marital status, stages of economic
development, customs, habits etc.)
7. According to John I. Clarke
Population geography is mainly concerned with demonstrating how
spatial variation in population and its various attributes like composition,
migration and growth are related to the spatial variation in the nature of
places.
8. According to W. Zelinsky
Population geography is a science that deals with the ways in which geographic
character of a place if formed by and in turn, react on a set of population
phenomena which vary within it through both space and time interacting one
with another.
According to Daniel Noin
Distribution of population, components of its growth and characteristics are the
main concerns of population geography.
9. Content of Population Geography
Population-Geographic Area:
1. Density and Distribution
2. Trend of Birth Rate/ fertility
3. Trend of Death Rate/ Mortality
4. Age Structure
Cultural Dimension of Population
Environment of Population
Types of Population and Related Physical and Cultural Factors
10. The main concern of population geography revolves around the following three
aspects of human population:
• size and distribution including the rural-urban distribution of population.
• population dynamics – past and present trends in growth and its spatial
manifestation; components of population change viz. fertility, mortality and
migration.
• population composition and structure. They include a set of demographic
characteristics (such as age-sex structure, marital status and average age at
marriage etc.); social characteristics (such as caste, racial/ethnic, religious and
linguistic composition of population; literacy and levels of educational attainment
etc.); and economic characteristics (such as workforce participation rate and
workforce structure etc.).
11. Relationship with
Demography and Population Studies
Demography: Statistical analysis of the components of population change mainly
migration, births and deaths
Population Studies: is concerned with not only the components of population
change but also their interrelations with various social, economic, political and
biological variables
12. Demography is concerned with the statistical analysis of population
size, distribution and composition and with the components of
variation and change, whereas population studies involve the
interrelations of demographic variables with other systems of
variables.
Philip M. Hauser (1975)
13. Irrespective of the distinction between the two, demography and population studies
stand clearly different from population geography in terms of their approaches. In
practice while demography, as also population studies, is concerned with number, size
and demographic processes for political units as a whole, population geography is
concerned with aerial variation in these attributes. Population geography is aimed at
demonstrating how spatial variation in the distribution, composition, migration and
growth of population are related to the spatial variation in the nature of places. A
population geographer is also concerned with the dynamic aspects of spatial
variations over time or how spatial relations or interaction between phenomena occur
This emphasis on space is the distinguishing feature of population geography
14.
15. The spatial approach has, however, become equally popular among researchers in
demography and population studies with increasing availability of micro-level data
during the last few decades. The contributions of demographers to recent advances
in population studies includes many examples where regional and national levels of
mortality or fertility have been the subject of discussion; or where migration, fertility
or mortality were combined to create interregional population growth models. It has,
thus, become increasingly difficult to distinguish the works of geographers from
that of other disciplines
16. Population geography in India
The origin of population geography as a separate topical study in human geography
in India can be traced back to the late 1950s.
Geographers associated with Panjab University, Chandigarh, played a pioneering role
in the development of the subdiscipline in the country
Though some studies on population distribution and density by geographers did
appear earlier, G.S. Gosal’s doctoral work entitled A Geographical Analysis of India’s
Population in 1956, under the supervision of G. T. Trewartha, was the first systematic
and comprehensive analysis of India’s population in a geographical perspective
17. The first textbook on population geography An Introduction to Population
Geography, was brought out by Chandna and Sidhu, both associated with Panjab
University, in 1980. The subsequent additions to the list of textbooks on population
geography in the country include Chandna (1986, 1987), Lal (1988), Ojha (1989) and
Hassan (2005).
A general review of research reveals that population studies in geography in the
country have essentially been empirical in nature with a major thrust on ‘from facts-
to-theory’ approach. The theoretical approach – from theory to facts – has by and
large remained neglected.
18. Suggested Readings:
•Population Geography: A Systematic Exposition by Mohammad Izhar Hassan (2020); Routledge (Manohar
Publishers & Distributors) Download Link
•Geography of Population- Concepts, determinants and patterns by Rc Chandna (2019); Kalyani Publisher
•Population Geography: Tools and Issues by K. Bruce Newbold (2010); Pergamon Oxford Geographies Download
Link
•The More Developed Realm. A Geography of Its Population by Glenn T. Trewartha (1978); Pergamon Press
Download Link
•Population geography progress and prospect by Pacione, Michael (2013); Croom Helm Progress in geography
series Download Link
19. This Power Point Presentation (PPT) has been
prepared only to deliver the lecture. The
materials (Maps, Diagrams and Images) used in
this presentation have been collected and
compiled by the presenter from various
academic blogs, research papers, books etc.