Nanotechnology involves manipulating matter at the atomic scale. It can be used to create new materials and devices with sizes less than 100 nanometers. Some applications of nanotechnology include medicines for targeted drug delivery, stronger and lighter materials for electronics, fuels cells, and batteries. While nanotechnology holds promise for improving many technologies, it also raises concerns about potential health effects and environmental impacts that require further research. Overall, nanotechnology is expected to continue developing innovative solutions and transforming many industries in the coming years.

2. PRESENTING BY :
SAKSHI AND POONAM

3. 3

5. WHAT IS NANOScAlE?
12,756 Km 0.22 m 0.7 × 10-9
m
10 millions
times smaller
1 billion
times smaller

6. WHAT IS
NANOTEcHNOlOGY ?
1. Nanotechnology is the study of manipulating
matter on an atomic level.
2. It refers to the constructing and engineering
of the functional system at very micro level.

7. Nanotech is both top down and
bottom up like nature.

8. HISTORY OF
NANOTEcHNOlOGY
1. Nanotechnology was founded by Richard Feynman.
2. He had got nobel prize in physics 1965.

9. HISTORY OF
NANOTEcHNOlOGY
1974 = Taniguchi used the term
nanotechnology for the first time.
1991 = Carbon nanotube discovered by
S.Iijima.

10. PRINCIPLE OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Nanotechnology involves working with
matter at the scale of one billionth of matter.
It refers to the manipulation of matter on the
minutest scale.

11. THERE ARE TwO TYPEs OF
NANOmATERIALs
1. Fullerenes
2. Carbon nanotubes

12. FULLERENEs
A fullerene is a pure carbon molecule of at least
60 atoms of carbon. Because a fullerene takes a
shape similar to a soccer ball or a geodesic dome
, it is sometimes referred to as a buckyball.

13. CARBON NANOTUBEs
1. Carbon nanotubes are allotropes of carbon with a
cylindrical nanostructure.
2. They have length to diameter ratio of upto
132,000,000:1

14. THERE ARE TwO TYPEs OF
NANOTUBEs
1. Single walled nanotube
2. Multi walled nanotube

15. sINGLE wALLED NANOTUBE
Single walled nanotube has a diameter close to 1
nanometer.

16. mULTI wALLED NANOTUBE
Multi walled nanotubes consist of multiple rolled
layers of graphite .
There are two models of description of these
MWNT:
1. Russian doll model
2. Parchment model

17. 17
HOw
NANOTECHNOLOGY
ImPACTs OUR LIVEs
NOw?
AND IT’s
APPLICATIONs…
?

18. sOmE APPLICATIONs OF
NANOTECHNOLOGYARE:
MEDICINES
ELECTRONICS
FOOD
FUEL CELLS
SOLAR CELLS
BATTERIES
SPACE
FUELS
BETTER AIR QUALITY
CLEANER WATER
CHEMICAL SENSORS
SPORTING GOOD
FABRIC

19. MEDICINES
One of the areas of medicines that will
benefit from the research and development
of nanotechnology is that of cancer
treatment and detection. The national
cancer institute is aiming to decrease
cancer deaths by the year 2015 with the
help of nanotechnology.

20. TRADITIONAL VS NANOTECHNOLOGY

21. ELECTRONICS
Nano electronics can increase the capabilities of electronic
devices while we reduce their weight and power consumption.
FOOD
Nanotechnology is having an impact on several aspects of food
science, from how food is grown to how it is packaged.
Companies are developing nanomaterials that will make a
difference not only in the taste of food but also in food safety
and health benefits.

22. FUEL CELLS
Catalysts are used with fuels such as hydrogen or methanol to produce
hydrogen ions. Platinum, which is very expensive, is the catalyst typically
used in this process. Companies are using nanoparticles of platinum to
reduce the amount of platinum needed, or using nanoparticles of other
materials to replace platinum entirely and there by lower costs..
SOLAR CELLS
Use of nanotechnology in making solar cells can reduce manufacturing
cost as well as installlation cost.

23. BATTERIES
Nanotechnology can increase the available power from a battery and
decrease the time required to recharge a battery. The shelf life of a battery
can be increased by using nanomaterials to separate liquids in the battery
from the solid electrodes.
SPACE
Nanotechnology may hold the key to making space flight more practical.
New materials combined with nanosensors and nanorobots could improve
the performance of spaceships, spacesuits, and the equipment used to
explore planets and moons.

24. FUELS
Nanotechnology is being used for:
Making the production of fuels from low grade
raw materials economical.
Increasing the mileage of engines.
Making the production of fuels from normal raw
material more efficient.

25. BETTER AIR qUALITY
There are two major ways in which nanotechnology is
being used to reduce air pollution: catalysts, which are
currently in use and constantly being improved upon;
and nano-structured membranes, which are under
development.
The pollution removal component utilizes a biofiltration
mechanism, in which polluted air is passed through an
organic medium such as compost or wood chips that
contains bacteria.

26. CLEANER wATER
Nanotechnology is being used to develop solutions to three very
different problems in water quality. One challenge is the removal
of industrial pollution, such as cleaning solvent TCE. Another
challenge is the removal of salt and metals from water. The third
challenge concerns the fact that standard filters do not work on
virus cells.
CHEMICAL SENSORS
Nanotechnology can enable sensors to detect very small amounts
of chemical vapors. Various types of detecting elements, such as
carbon nanotubes, zinc oxide nanowires or palladium
nanoparticles can be used in nanotechnology-based sensors.

27. SPORTING GOODS
Nanotechnology is being used for :
Increasing the strength of tennis racquets by adding
nanotubes to the frames which increases control and power
when you hit the ball.
Reducing the rate at which air leaks from tennis balls so they
keep their bounce longer.
FABRIC
Making composite fabric with nano-sized particles or fibers
allows improvement of fabric properties without a significant
increase in weight, thickness, or stiffness.

28. There are oTher applicaTions
of nanoTechnology such as
sensors, TreaTmenT and
remediaTion:
 Efficient use of materials.
Promise for cost-effective, specific and rapid solutions for
treatment of contaminants.
Cleanup of contaminated sites with problems brought by prior
technologies and past practices.

29. BenefiTs of using
nanoTechnology in medicine
Nanotechnology offers many potential
benefits to medical applications.
Extremely small size
Controlled release of drug
Reduced Toxicity
Protect fragile drugs/proteins
Fewer side effects

30. nano polluTion
Nanopollution is a generic name for waste generated by
nanodevices or during the nanomaterials manufacturing
process.

31. effecT of nanoparTicles on
human healTh
There has been a study showing that inhaled nanosized
particles gather in the nasal cavities, lungs and brains of rats.
Scientists believe this build-up could lead to harmful
inflammation and risk of brain damage or central nervous
system disorders. Scientific studies are looking at:
The reactivity of nanoparticles with biological system.
The ability of our immune system to fight particles not
previously encountered.

32. Some advantages and disadvantages
ADVANTAGES
 In medical, change of body appearance.
 Make almost every manufactured product faster, lighter, stronger,
smarter, safer and cleaner, and even more precise.
DISADVANTAGES
 Very expensive.
 Atomic weapons will become more destructive.
 Very hard to make.

33. fuTure of nanoTechnology
It can
… Help clean up past environmental damage
…Correct present environmental problems
…Prevent future environmental impacts
…Help sustain the planet for future generations

34. Nanotechnology
with all its
challenges and
opportunities will
become a part of
our future.
The researchers
are optimistic for
the products based
upon this
technology.
Nanotechnology is
slowly but steadily
ushering in the

35. Thank you