This document summarizes a presentation on nanotechnology. It defines nanotechnology as the study and manipulation of matter at the nanoscale, or atomic level, which is one billionth of a meter. Key tools for nanotechnology are described, such as atomic force microscopes and scanning tunneling microscopes. Applications of nanotechnology discussed include use of carbon nanotubes, which have excellent strength to weight ratio, and nanorobots for medical applications like cancer treatment. Both opportunities and risks of nanotechnology are presented.

1. NANOTECHNOLOGY
PRASENTED BY….
PRAVEENKUMAR.K.S USN NO 3BK12M066
MECHANICAL DEPT
BASAVAKALYAN ENGINEERING COLLEEGE BASAVAKALYAN
SEMINAR ON.....
GUIDED BY PROF :PRAVEEN .B

3. Contents
1. INTRODUCTION.
2.DEFINATION
3.TOOLS AND TECHNEQUES
4. APPROCHES USED
5.MATERIAL USED
6.APPLICATION
7.NANO IN INDIA
8.POSIBALITY OF NANOTECH IN FATURE
9.PITFALLS OF NANO

5. NANO & TECHNOLOGY
 A Nanometre is a unit of length in the metric
system, equal to one billionth of a metre(10-9).
 Technology is the making, usage, and
knowledge of tools, machines and techniques,
in order to solve a problem or perform a specific
function.

6. • Nanotechnology is the
study of manipulating
matter on an atomic
scale.
• Nanotechnology refers to
the constructing and
engineering of the
functional systems at very
micro level or we can say
at atomic level.
• A Nanometer is one
billionth of a meter,
roughly the width of three
or four atoms. The
average human hair is
about 25,000 nanometers
wide.
Defination

7. A nanometer is…
◦ one billionth of a meter
Human Hair: Approx. 1x105 nm
DNA Sample: Approx. 2 nm
How Small Is Nanoscale?

9. Tools & Technology
 There are several important modern
developments.
◦ The atomic force microscope (AFM).
◦ The Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) are
scanning probes that launched nanotechnology.
 Various techniques of nanolithography such
as:
◦ optical lithography.
◦ X-ray lithography,
◦ Dip pen nanolithography
◦ Electron beam lithography(inkjet printer)
were also developed.
Lithography in MEMS context is typically
the transfer of a pattern into a
photosensitive material by selective
exposure to a radiation source such as
light.

10. Carbon Nanotube
 Carbon nanotubes are allotropes of carbon
with a cylindrical nanostructure.
 They have length-to-diameter ratio of upto
132,000,000:1.
 Nanotubes are members of the fullerene structural family. Their name
is derived from their long, hollow structure with the walls formed by
one-atom-thick sheets of carbon, called graphene.
 Properties
◦ Highest strength to weight ratio, helps
in creating light weight spacecrafts.
◦ Easily penetrate membranes such as
cell walls. Helps in cancer treatment.
◦ Electrical resistance changes significantly when other molecules
attach themselves to the carbon atoms. Helps in developing sensors
that can detect chemical vapours.

11. CARBON TUBE AS BUCKY PAPER
The thin sheet made from carbon nano tube
Bucky owns its name from buck minister
fullerance

13. NANOROBOTICS

14. Nano robots are the controllable devices measured
on the scale of Nanometers to perform the tasks in
both Medical and Industrial fields..

15. SPECIFICATIONS OF
NANOROBOTSThey are made of Carbon atoms in a diamond
structure & light elements such as hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen, silicon etc.
Super smooth surfaces.
The nanofactories would use nano-scale tools
capable of constructing nanorobots with exact
specifications.

16. NANOROBOT AND ITS PARTS
It have a wide range of sensors to navigate through
human body and fast molecular identification.
It may have powerful transport subsystem to
molecular deliver system.
Wide range of computer guided nanomanipulator
also required.

17. Nanorobots in Cancer treatment
Chemotherapy treatment can affect the body health &
also weaken the body strength , but nanorobots
treatment does not have any adverse effects on body.
.
The traditional treatment of radiation that kills not
only cancer cells but healthy human cells as well,
causing hair loss, fatigue, nausea, depression, and
many other symptoms, but nanorobots detects only
infected cells and destroys them.

18. USE OF NANOROBOTS IN HUMANBODY
A doctor offers the patient an
injection of a nanorobot.
Seeks out cancer cells and
destroy them.
Dispells the disease at the
source, leaving the healthy cells
untouched.
The patients has no awareness of devices working inside
them.
nanorobots 18

19. An imaginary picture of Nanorobot
destroying the infected cell

20.  Electronics:
– Nano Transistors
– Nano Diodes
– OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode)
APPLICATION

21. Carbon nanotubes
on a glass or
plastic sheet allow
manufacturers to
make clear
conductive panels
for displays that
are extremely thin.
Image ©LG
PRAVEEN KUMAR

22.  Life Sciences:
– Targeted Drug Delivery
– Artificial Retina
– Tissue Regeneration

23. Nanotechnology in Agriculture and
Food Technology

24. 1. Pathogen and
Contaminant Detection
Imagine using nanotechnology to
create self-healing materials or
coatings that can modify
agricultural materials or
packaging to prevent microbial
contamination;
Or sensors which can slow
decomposition and detect
pathogens before your nose
does.

25. In the near future nanostructured catalysts will
be available which will increase the efficiency of
pesticides and herbicides, allowing lower doses to
be used.

26.  Nanotechnology may make it possible to manufacture lighter,
stronger, and programmable materials that
◦ require less energy to produce than conventional material
◦ and that promise greater fuel efficiency in land
transportation, ships, aircraft, and space vehicles.
• The future of nanotechnology could very well include the use
of nanorobotics.
• These nanorobots have the potential to take on human tasks
as well as tasks that humans could never complete. The
rebuilding of the depleted ozone layer could potentially be
able to be performed.

27. • There would be an entire nano surgical field to help cure
everything from natural aging to diabetes to bone spurs.
• There would be almost nothing that couldn’t be repaired
(eventually) with the introduction of nano surgery.

28. ◦ Nano-particles can get into the body through the skin, lungs
and digestive system, thus creating free radicals that can
cause cell damage.
◦ Once nano-particles are in the bloodstream, they will be able
to cross the blood-brain barrier.
◦ The most dangerous Nano-application use for military
purposes is the Nano-bomb that contain engineered self
multiplying deadly viruses that can continue to wipe out a
community, country or even a civilization.
◦ Nanobots because of their replicating behavior can be big
threat for GRAY GOO.

29. • Nanotechnology with all its challenges and opportunities
will become a part of our future.
• The researchers are optimistic for the products based
upon this technology.
• Nanotechnology is slowly but steadily ushering in the
new industrial revolution.
Conclusion