Nanocatalysis and green chemistry prospects. Nanocatalysts have higher activity, selectivity, and efficiency than traditional catalysts due to their high surface area to volume ratio. They can be designed for sustainability by having properties like recyclability, durability, and cost-effectiveness. Examples discussed include gold nanoparticle catalysts for oxidation reactions and magnetically separable nanoparticle catalysts. Nanocatalyst applications highlighted are water splitting for hydrogen production and storage, and fuel cells.

1. NANOCATALYSIS AND PROSPECTUS OF GREEN CHEMISTRY
Higher
activity,
Durability
Costeffectiveness.
Higher
selectivity,
Efficient
recovery
Prepared and
represented by:
Ankit grover
Msc.(h .s)chem.
2nd year

2. Overview
 Introduction
 Nanoparticles
 Catalysis
Gold nanocatalysis: oxidation reactions
 Magnetically separable nanocatalysts
 Applications of Nanocatalysts
 Hydrogen storage
 for fuel cell applications
 Refernces

3. Intoduction
What Is The Meaning Of Nanoparticles?
Factor Prefix Symbol
o 10-1
deci
d
o 10-2
centi
c
o 10-3
milli
m
o 10-6
micro
µ
o 10-9
nano
n
o 10-12
pico
p
o 10-15
femto
f
GOLD NANOPARTICLES
Actually the nanoparticles are particles
with sized between 100 and 1
nanometers

5. Catalysis
A+B
25 °C
C+D
catalyst
100% yield
0% yield!!
Activation energy
Traditional catalyst markets
• Catalyst - a substance that initiates or
accelerates a chemical reaction without
itself being affected
oil refining
petrochem polymers
fine
chemicals
Annual catalyst market $12 - 15 Billion
5
pharma
environmental

6. What is the meaning of nano for catalysis?
Activity of a catalyst
Surface area of catalyst
For conventional catalyst’s .There is direct relation between activity and area of the catalyst
Nanosize imparts special properties to the material by its structural and electronic
changes.
Bcz in case of nanoparticles activity is the function of electronic and structural function.
Cubic (7.2 nm)
(More active)
Spherical(4.8)
(Less active)

7. Big picture: Sustainable Development

8. Green chemistry is a philosophy that puts forward sustainable concepts, which are
designed to reduce or eliminate chemicals and chemical processes that have negative
environmental impacts and it based on 12 principle’s.
Designing
Of safer chemicals
catalysis
Renewable
Feedstock
Atom
economy
Waste
prevention
Safer
chemistry
Energy
efficiency
Safer solvents
And auxillries
Reduce the use
Of chemical derivatives
Real time
Analysis for
Pollution prevention
Less hazardous
chemistry
Design for
degradation

9. Green chemistry is a philosophy that puts forward sustainable concepts, which are
designed to reduce or eliminate chemicals and chemical processes that have negative
environmental impacts and it based on 12 principle’s.
Designing
Of safer chemicals
catalysis
catalysis
Renewable
Feedstock
Atom
economy
Waste
prevention
Safer
chemistry
Energy
efficiency
Safer solvents
And auxillries
Reduce the use
Of chemical derivatives
Real time
Analysis for
Pollution prevention
Less hazardous
chemistry
Design for
degradation

10. Designing and developing ideal catalysts paves the way
to green chemistry.
Green and sustainable catalyst should posses:
 higher activity,
 higher selectivity,
 efficient recovery from reaction medium
 durability or recyclability, and
 cost-effectiveness.

11. Gold nanocatalysis: oxidation reactions
History:
The pt/pd catalysts that are currently used in cars for CO oxidation
Work only at temperatures above 200C, so most of CO
Pollution occurs in the initial minutes after starting the
Engine.
Au catalyst could solve this problem because of the
complexity involved in Au/metal oxide catalysts.

12. Mechanism:
The bare Au6
Adsorbs molecular
oxygen
In the superoxo form
Subsequent
Co-adsorption of
CO may initially
yield an au6co3
Species
Adsorption of a
second CO
yields the
Au6CO2
Rearranges to
produce the very
stable CO3Adsorbate
Elimination of
CO2 yields the
Au6O- form

13. Magnetically separable nanocatalysts :
Efficient recovery of the catalyst from the reaction medium after the completion
of reaction is the key factor that determines its usage for practical applications
Homogeneous
catalyst’s
Hetrogeneous
catalyst’s
Nanoparticles catalyst
Anchoring colloidal particles or homogeneous catalysts on magnetic supports
(nanoparticles) is an ideal solution to this problem.

14. Anchoring of homogeneous catalysts
chiral Ru-based complex was anchored successfully on Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Ru(II) complex [Ru(BINAP-PO3H2)(DPEN)Cl2]
Phosphonic acid group attached to the
BINAP ligand acts as a linker and binds to
the surface of Fe3O4 nanocrystal surface.

15. Anchoring of homogeneous catalysts
chiral Ru-based complex was anchored successfully on Fe3O4 nanoparticles
This catalyst was successfully used for the hydrogenation of a range of aromatic
ketones
to the corresponding secondary alcohols with high enantioselectivity.
catalyst was tested up to 14 cycles without loss of activity, and high enantiomeric
excess (ee) values.
Ru(II) complex [Ru(BINAP-PO3H2)(DPEN)Cl2]
Phosphonic acid group attached to the
BINAP ligand acts as a linker and binds to
the surface of Fe3O4 nanocrystal surface.

16. Nanocatalysts for Clean Energy Applications
H2 +O2
H2O+Energy
Totally green reaction and hydrogen has
3 times more chalorific value than L.P.G
Except the problem of storage H2 is seems
As good energy source.
 H2 can be preapred by 2 methods:
1)By hydrolysis of H2O
2) from coal and natural gas
by the steam reforming reaction
leads to large CO2 emission as shown in picture.

17. Water splitting in the presence of a
semiconducting photocatalyst
(e.g., TiO2, TaON, and LaTiO2N). The
nanotubular architecture allows for more
efficient absorption
of incident photons as well as decreased bulk
recombination.
It has been established that the presence of a
cocatalyst greatly enhances the efficiency of
the overall process. Noble metal- or transition
metal-oxide nanoparticles are often used as
cocatalysts to facilitate water reduction. These
nanoparticles are dispersed on active
photocatalysts by applying in situ
photodeposition methods to produce
activesites and reduce the activation energy
for gas evolution

18. HRTEM image of Rh-GaN:ZnO catalyst:
Rh nanoparticles
Cr2O3 cocatalyst
Rh-GaN:ZnO photo-catalyst surface

19. HRTEM image of Rh-GaN:ZnO catalyst:
Rh core facilitates the transfer of photo-generated electrons from the bulk
(GaN:ZnO) to the surface (Cr2O3). The Cr2O3 layer is permeable to protons and the evolved
H2 molecules, but not to oxygen.Therefore, the backward reaction over the noble metal
is prevented by the Cr2O3 shell

20. Applications of Nanocatalysts:
Hydrogen storage
Being the lightest element Storing H2 at high pressures
or at very low temperatures
is not economically viable. Chemical H2 storage involves
storing H2 in the form of
chemical bonds. A number of materials with a high
gravimetric .H2 content are explored as H2 storage
materials.
Boron hydrides with a high gravimetric content of H2 have
been widely studied as H2 storage materials; however, their regeneration
process is energy intensive.Most of these materials
are stable at room temperature and do not react at a sufficient
rate to warrant their application

21. Conclusions and Outlook:
Rational design for environmentally benign catalysts is possible.
nanocatalysts are widely applicable.
For hydrogen storage
For fuel cell applications
For industrial manufacturing procesess
In pharma. industries
Academic application areas are limitless

22. References:
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23. THANK
YOU