A 'gasoline-electric hybrid car' or 'Plug in hybrid electric vehicle' is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used gasoline engine that drives the power from gasoline only. It also is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and gasoline. The combination of both the power makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy and reduce toxic emissions. In HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Energy dissipated during braking in HEV is used in charging battery. Thus the vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Initially the designing of the vehicle in CAD, simulations of inverter and other models are done. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of the vehicle. This includes assembly of IC Engine and its components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric power drive and designing the controllers. The final stage would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economic ways.

1. Presented by;
Md
Nawaz
Guided by:
Mr abdul

2. ORGANIZATION
 Introduction
 Electric vehicle
 Hybrid-Electric Vehicle
 Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV)
 Battery electric vehicle (BEV)
 Architecture
 Conclusion and future scope
 References

3. Introduction
Vehicle
 A thing used for transporting people or goods,
especially on land, such as a car, lorry, or cart.

4. Types of vehicles

5. Electric vehicle
 An electric vehicle(EV),referred to as an electric
drive vehicle, is a vehicle which uses one or more
electric motors for propulsions

6. Types of Electric
vehicles

7. Hybrid-Electric Vehicle
 A Hybrid-Electric Vehicle (HEV) relies on at least
two energy sources, usually an internal combustion
engine and an electric battery together with
motor/generator.

8. There are different hybrid
topologies
 Parallel-Hybrid Electric Vehicle
 Serial-Hybrid Electric Vehicle

9. Examples

10. Plug-in hybrid electric
vehicle (PHEV)
 A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is
a hybrid electric vehicle that uses rechargeable
batteries or another energy storage device, that
can be recharged by plugging it in to an external
source of electric power usually a normal wall
socket.

11. Architecture of PHEV

13. Battery electric vehicle
(BEV)
 A battery electric
vehicle (BEV) runs
entirely on a battery
and electric drive
train, without a
conventional internal
combustion engine.
These vehicles must be
plugged into an
external source of
electricity to recharge
their batteries

14. Differences between
electric vehicles

15. Working of electrical
vehicles

16. Advantages

17. Conclusion
 The anticipation of a large penetration of Plug-in
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and Plug-in
Electric Vehicles (PEVs) into the market brings up
many new technical problems that need to be
addressed.
 In the near future, a large number of
PHEVs/PEVs connected to power grids will add a
large-scale energy load, as well as add substantial
energy resources that can be utilized.
 Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology is a most
promising opportunity in PHEV/PEV adoption. In
this paper, the authors propose an intelligent

18. Future Scope
 One approach to reduce the greenhouse gas
emissions in the transport sector is to change
transportation modes to become more electric.
The scope of this research is on the Plug-in
Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), the Electric
Vehicle with a Range Extender (EREV) and the
Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV). BEVs are the most
desirable form of passenger cars, because of
their zero tailpipe emissions and their potential of
100% reduction of CO2 emissions.

19. References
 D. L. Greene, “Measuring energy security: Can the United
States achieve oil independence?,” Energy Policy, vol. 38,
no. 4, pp.1614–1621, 2010.
 R. Sioshanshi and P.Denholm , “Emissions impacts and
benefits of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and vehicle to
grid services,” National Renewable Energy
Laboratory,Paper,2008[Online].Available:
http://www.iwse.osu.edu/ISEFaculty/sioshansi/papers/PH
EV_emissions. pdf
 T. Thompson, M. Webber, and D. Allen, “Air quality impacts
of using
 overnight electricity generation to charge plug-in hybrid
electric vehicles for daytime use,” Environ. Res. Lett., vol.
4, 2009, Art. no. 014002.
 “Environmental Assessment of plug-in hybrid electric
vehicles; Volume 2: United States air quality analysis based
on AEO-2006 assumptions for 2030,” Washington, D.C.,

20. QUERIES…..?