1. The document discusses hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), which use both an internal combustion engine and electric motor(s) to propel the vehicle. 2. There are three main types of HEVs: series, parallel, and series-parallel. Mild, medium, and full hybrids also differ in their voltage systems and ability to operate using only electric power. 3. HEVs provide benefits like reduced fuel consumption, emissions, noise levels compared to conventional vehicles, but also have disadvantages such as higher costs and battery disposal issues.

1. BY: M.SHIVA KUMAR

2.  Introduction
 Types of hybrid electric vehicle
 Types hybrid technologies
 Fuel consumption
 Noise
 In the next 5 year’s
 Advantages of HEV’S
 Disadvantages of HEV’S
 Conclusion

3.  A hybrid vehicle is one that uses two
different methods to propel the vehicle.
 A hybrid electric vehicle, abbreviated
HEV uses both an internal combustion
engine and an electric motor to propel
the vehicle.
 Most hybrid vehicles use a highvoltage
battery pack and a combination electric
motor and generator to help or assist a
gasoline engine.

4. HYBRID VEHICLE
View of the components of the General Motors electric vehicle (EV-
1).Many of the features of this vehicle, such as regenerative braking and
DC-to-DC converters, currently used on hybrid vehicles were first put into
production on this vehicle.

5. HYBRID VEHICLE
General Motors EV1 shown without the body.

6.  There are three types of HEV,s
1. Series
2. Parallel
3. Series-parallel

7. CLASSIFICATIONS OF HYBRID-ELECTRIC VEHICLES
A drawing of the power flow
in a typical series hybrid
vehicle.

8. CLASSIFICATIONS OF HYBRID-ELECTRIC VEHICLES
The power flowing in a typical parallel hybrid vehicle.

9. CLASSIFICATIONS OF HYBRID-ELECTRIC VEHICLES
A series-parallel hybrid design
allows the vehicle to operate in
electric motor mode only or in
combination with the internal
combustion engine.

10.  Different vehicle manufacturers use
various hybrid technologies.
› Mild Hybrid
› Medium Hybrid
› Full Hybrid

11. 1. Hybrids use two different power sources to propel the
vehicle.
2. A mild hybrid with a lower voltage system (36–50 volts)
is capable of increasing fuel economy and reducing
exhaust emissions but is not capable of using the
electric motor alone to propel the vehicle.
3. A medium hybrid uses a higher voltage than a mild
hybrid (140–150 volts) and offers increased fuel
economy over a mild hybrid design but is not capable
of operating using the electric motor alone.
4. A full or strong hybrid uses a high-voltage system (250–
650 volts) and is capable of operating using the
electric motor(s) alone and achieves the highest fuel
economy improvement of all types of hybrids.

12.  Current HEVs reduce petroleum consumption
under certain circumstances, compared to
otherwise similar conventional vehicles,
primarily by using three mechanisms:
 Reducing wasted energy during idle/low
output, generally by turning the ICE off
 Recapturing waste energy (i.e. regenerative
braking)
 Reducing the size and power of the ICE, and
hence inefficiencies from under-utilization, by
using the added power from the electric motor
to compensate for the loss in peak power
output from the smaller ICE.

13.  Reduced noise emissions resulting from substantial
use of the electric motor at idling and low speeds,
leading to roadway noisereduction.
 in comparison to conventional gasoline or diesel
powered engine vehicles, resulting in beneficial noise
health effects (although road noise from tires and
wind, the loudest noises at highway speeds from the
interior of most vehicles, are not affected by the
hybrid design alone).
 Reduced noise may not be beneficial for all road
users, as blind people or the visually impaired
consider the noise of combustion engines a helpful
aid while crossing streets and feel quiet hybrids could
pose an unexpected hazard.

14. IN THE NEXT 5 YEARS…
 Growing demand
 Greater market
 Car companies will
respond
 More variety

15.  The current hybrid cars, emit less pollutants than the
market average. For example, Honda Insight has 67%
less of annual greenhouse gas emission. Furthermore,
car manufactures are exploring way to reduce total
emission in future hybrid cars.
 Hybrid cars use much less gasoline than standard
vehicles, preserving oil reserves for other uses such as
heating oil and polymer synthesis.
 In a effort to cut off gasoline consumption in car,
research is underway to explore for alternative fuels,
such as fuel cells and corn-derived fuels.

16.  More car batteries will need to be made, creating a
larger problem for disposal of such batteries.
 HEVs do not totally eliminate burning of fossil fuels,
they just delay the rate at which we burn them.
 The price range for HEVs is $17,400 -> $26,000. The
current price range does not target an average
household.
 The manufactures have gone through considerable
pains to reduce the weight of the vehicle so that it
burns less gasoline while achieving a reasonable
acceleration. This has raised questions as to how safe
the car is when it is involved in an accident.

17. CONCLUSION
 Air pollution is a
serious concern
 Fallbacks to Fuel
Cell economy
 In the short run HEVs
seem to be a viable
alternative