This document discusses hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). HEVs combine an internal combustion engine with an electric motor to provide propulsion. They offer improved fuel efficiency over conventional vehicles through regenerative braking and a smaller engine size. HEVs are classified as parallel, series, or power-split based on how their electric and fuel-powered components are connected and work together. While more expensive initially, HEVs provide benefits like reduced emissions and fuel costs compared to traditional vehicles.
An EV is a shortened acronym for an electric vehicle. EVs are vehicles that are either partially or fully powered on electric power. Electric vehicles have low running costs as they have fewer moving parts for maintenance and also very environmentally friendly as they use little or no fossil fuels (petrol or diesel).
A brief Seminar Presentation on the Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Powertrain Components, Architecture and Modes of Hybridisation. Also includes the Classification of HEV on the basis of Energy Flow.
Creating a PowerPoint presentation on the "Types of Electric Vehicles" can be a useful way to educate your audience about the various electric vehicle (EV) technologies available. Here's a short description for each type of electric vehicle that you can include in your presentation:
Slide 1: Title
Title: "Types of Electric Vehicles"
Slide 2: Introduction
Briefly introduce the topic and its importance.
Mention the environmental and economic benefits of electric vehicles.
Slide 3: Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Describe BEVs as vehicles that run solely on electric power.
Highlight their zero-emission nature.
Mention examples like Tesla Model 3 and Nissan Leaf.
Slide 4: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
Explain PHEVs as vehicles that combine an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Emphasize their ability to drive on electric power and gasoline.
Mention examples like the Chevrolet Volt.
Slide 5: Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Define HEVs as vehicles with both an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Explain how they use regenerative braking to charge the battery.
Mention examples like the Toyota Prius.
Slide 6: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)
Describe FCEVs as vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity to power the electric motor.
Emphasize their zero-emission nature and fast refueling times.
Mention examples like the Toyota Mirai.
Slide 7: E-Bikes and E-Scooters
Explain that electric bicycles (e-bikes) and electric scooters (e-scooters) are becoming popular forms of electric mobility.
Discuss their role in last-mile transportation.
Slide 8: Commercial Electric Vehicles
Mention electric buses, trucks, and delivery vans.
Explain how commercial EVs contribute to reducing emissions in urban areas.
Slide 9: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Highlight the importance of charging infrastructure for EV adoption.
Discuss the types of chargers (Level 1, Level 2, DC fast chargers).
Slide 10: Government Incentives
Explain government incentives and subsidies for electric vehicle adoption.
Mention tax credits, rebates, and other benefits.
Slide 11: Environmental Benefits
Discuss how electric vehicles contribute to reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Highlight the positive impact on local air quality.
Slide 12: Cost of Ownership
Compare the total cost of ownership of electric vehicles to traditional gasoline vehicles.
Mention savings on fuel and maintenance.
Slide 13: Challenges and Future Outlook
Address challenges such as range anxiety, charging infrastructure gaps, and battery disposal.
Discuss the future outlook of electric vehicles and advancements in technology.
Slide 14: Conclusion
plug in hybrid electrical vehicals seminar ppt by MD NAWAZMD NAWAZ
A 'gasoline-electric hybrid car' or 'Plug in hybrid electric vehicle' is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used gasoline engine that drives the power from gasoline only. It also is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and gasoline. The combination of both the power makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy and reduce toxic emissions.
In HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Energy dissipated during braking in HEV is used in charging battery. Thus the vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Initially the designing of the vehicle in CAD, simulations of inverter and other models are done. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of the vehicle. This includes assembly of IC Engine and its components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric power drive and designing the controllers. The final stage would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economic ways.
types of the hybrid vehicle are discussed, series, parallel, complex, series-parallel, micro-hybrid, mild hybrid, full hybrid, and complex hybrid is discussed
electric vehicle is very important for the glob...because it has lot's of advantages ...only one disadvantages is that it is requrie more time to charge..its has mainly 3 type of electric vehicle .
hybrid electric vehicle , types of hybrid electric vehicle , need of hybrid electric vehicle , plug in hybrid electric vehicle , uses of hybrid electric vehicle , regenerative braking , battery , induction motor
Battery electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, conventional vehicle and now fuel cell vehicles. With the advancement of technology new inventions have been made in auto industry in past few years. Do you know what fuel cell vehicle is? This presentation attributes the features of fuel cell vehicles and how it differs from battery electric, plug-in hybrid electric and conventional vehicles. Also have some light on its feasibility and merits & demerits.
An EV is a shortened acronym for an electric vehicle. EVs are vehicles that are either partially or fully powered on electric power. Electric vehicles have low running costs as they have fewer moving parts for maintenance and also very environmentally friendly as they use little or no fossil fuels (petrol or diesel).
A brief Seminar Presentation on the Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Powertrain Components, Architecture and Modes of Hybridisation. Also includes the Classification of HEV on the basis of Energy Flow.
Creating a PowerPoint presentation on the "Types of Electric Vehicles" can be a useful way to educate your audience about the various electric vehicle (EV) technologies available. Here's a short description for each type of electric vehicle that you can include in your presentation:
Slide 1: Title
Title: "Types of Electric Vehicles"
Slide 2: Introduction
Briefly introduce the topic and its importance.
Mention the environmental and economic benefits of electric vehicles.
Slide 3: Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Describe BEVs as vehicles that run solely on electric power.
Highlight their zero-emission nature.
Mention examples like Tesla Model 3 and Nissan Leaf.
Slide 4: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
Explain PHEVs as vehicles that combine an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Emphasize their ability to drive on electric power and gasoline.
Mention examples like the Chevrolet Volt.
Slide 5: Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Define HEVs as vehicles with both an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Explain how they use regenerative braking to charge the battery.
Mention examples like the Toyota Prius.
Slide 6: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)
Describe FCEVs as vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity to power the electric motor.
Emphasize their zero-emission nature and fast refueling times.
Mention examples like the Toyota Mirai.
Slide 7: E-Bikes and E-Scooters
Explain that electric bicycles (e-bikes) and electric scooters (e-scooters) are becoming popular forms of electric mobility.
Discuss their role in last-mile transportation.
Slide 8: Commercial Electric Vehicles
Mention electric buses, trucks, and delivery vans.
Explain how commercial EVs contribute to reducing emissions in urban areas.
Slide 9: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Highlight the importance of charging infrastructure for EV adoption.
Discuss the types of chargers (Level 1, Level 2, DC fast chargers).
Slide 10: Government Incentives
Explain government incentives and subsidies for electric vehicle adoption.
Mention tax credits, rebates, and other benefits.
Slide 11: Environmental Benefits
Discuss how electric vehicles contribute to reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Highlight the positive impact on local air quality.
Slide 12: Cost of Ownership
Compare the total cost of ownership of electric vehicles to traditional gasoline vehicles.
Mention savings on fuel and maintenance.
Slide 13: Challenges and Future Outlook
Address challenges such as range anxiety, charging infrastructure gaps, and battery disposal.
Discuss the future outlook of electric vehicles and advancements in technology.
Slide 14: Conclusion
plug in hybrid electrical vehicals seminar ppt by MD NAWAZMD NAWAZ
A 'gasoline-electric hybrid car' or 'Plug in hybrid electric vehicle' is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used gasoline engine that drives the power from gasoline only. It also is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and gasoline. The combination of both the power makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy and reduce toxic emissions.
In HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Energy dissipated during braking in HEV is used in charging battery. Thus the vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Initially the designing of the vehicle in CAD, simulations of inverter and other models are done. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of the vehicle. This includes assembly of IC Engine and its components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric power drive and designing the controllers. The final stage would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economic ways.
types of the hybrid vehicle are discussed, series, parallel, complex, series-parallel, micro-hybrid, mild hybrid, full hybrid, and complex hybrid is discussed
electric vehicle is very important for the glob...because it has lot's of advantages ...only one disadvantages is that it is requrie more time to charge..its has mainly 3 type of electric vehicle .
hybrid electric vehicle , types of hybrid electric vehicle , need of hybrid electric vehicle , plug in hybrid electric vehicle , uses of hybrid electric vehicle , regenerative braking , battery , induction motor
Battery electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, conventional vehicle and now fuel cell vehicles. With the advancement of technology new inventions have been made in auto industry in past few years. Do you know what fuel cell vehicle is? This presentation attributes the features of fuel cell vehicles and how it differs from battery electric, plug-in hybrid electric and conventional vehicles. Also have some light on its feasibility and merits & demerits.
HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE
2. introduction
A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) augments an electric vehicle (EV) with a second source of power referred to as the alternative power unit (APU).
65. <ul><li>Fuel cell output power oriented control strategy based on FCE loading and unloading equations
66. similar to the fuel cell output power oriented control strategy as just mentioned above, but there has some new control characteristics as follows:
67. If cSOC > cSOC.t, the battery regulation power is zero and the battery actual output power is the power difference between Pd and Pf;
68. If cSOC≤ cSOC.t, the battery regulation charging power is considered and the target fuel cell power is the sum of driving power and charging power;
69. When the vehicle is braking, the fuel cell works at the minimum power and charges the battery pack with the regenerative braking;
70. The fuel cell engine works on nearly all of the driving time expect for the over high SOC battery pack and small driving power requirement at the first cold starting.
72. HYBRID MILEAGE TIPS<br />Drive slower - The aerodynamic drag on the car increases dramatically the faster you drive. For example, the drag force at 70 mph (113 kph) is about double that at 50 mph (81 kph). So, keeping your speed down can increase your mileage significantly. <br />Maintain a constant speed - Each time you speed up the car you use energy, some of which is wasted when you slow the car down again.
73. CONCLUSIONS<br />Using the concept of Hybridization of cars results in better efficiency and also saves a lot of fuel in today’s fuel deficit world.<br />A hybrid gives a solution to all the problems to some extent. <br />If proper research and development is done in this field, hybrid vehicle promises a practical, efficient, low pollution vehicle for the coming era. <br />One can surely conclude that this concept and the similar ones to follow with even better efficiency & conservation rate are very much on the anvil in today’s energy deficit world
This slide is about the type of hybrid vehicle available in the market along with the case study of some hybrid cars. It is prepared from the study paper - presented at the SAE Research Paper competition, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University. The Research Paper on the above topic which is renamed as "Hybrid Vehicle: A Study on Technology" is published at http://www.ijert.org/view.php?id=12126&title=hybrid-vehicle-a-study-on-technology.
Novel technique for hybrid electric vehicle presentation 1Manish Sadhu
Problem Summary:
Higher demand of current results an important heating of the battery, this heating will generate several consequences, firstly a reduction of lifespan of the battery and secondly a significant loss of capacity. Supercapacitors are used in series with a power battery to provide power requirement in transient state. An energy battery is placed in parallel, this battery gives the power in steady state.
Detailed Description Problem:
Modern batteries (e.g., Li-ion batteries) provide high discharge efficiency, but the rate capacity effect in these batteries drastically decreases the discharge efficiency as the load current increases. Electric double layer capacitors, or simply supercapacitors, have extremely low internal resistance, and a battery-supercapacitor hybrid may mitigate the rate capacity effect for high pulsed discharging current. However, a hybrid architecture comprising a simple parallel connection does not perform well when the supercapacitor capacity is small, which is a typical situation because of the low energy density and high cost of supercapacitors. A new battery-supercapacitor hybrid system that employs a constant-current charger. The constant current charger isolates the battery from supercapacitor to improve the end-to-end efficiency for energy from the battery to the load while accounting for the rate capacity effect of Li-ion batteries and the conversion efficiencies of the converters.
Excepted Outcome:
The supercapacitor will take an important part for the improvement of the energetic efficiency of the embarked systems and in the reduction of batteries replacement. Supercapacitor increases the performance motor at accelerated and reaccelerated mode. Also increases the life span of the battery. Indeed the supercapacitors will not be used as source of pure energy, because of their weak energy mass, but rather of complement to the battery, providing the strong demands of power. The supercapacitor solution as source of power is clearly interesting; however the cost of the kilowatt per hour remains higher than for the batteries lead-acid (approximately 30 times more) but with a weight and volume weaker.
Other Description:
Supercapacitors are widely used for energy storage in various applications. Specifically, supercapacitors are gaining more attention as energy storage elements for renewable energy sources which tend to have a high charge-discharge cycle frequency, and demand high cycle efficiency and good
Depth-of-discharge(DOD) properties. There are several related battery-supercapacitor hybrid architectures in the literature on hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). A bidirectional converter-based approach is introduced for the regenerative brake-equipped HEVs. A DC bus-based architecture for the battery-supercapacitor hybrid system is described in. However, it is difficult to directly apply these architectures to portable applications because they are designed for the HEV which involves high-power op
Electric vehicles (EVs) will revolutionise the automotive industry with their unique and innovative technology. But that revolution is at least a few years away from now. Although electric cars are gaining popularity, it’s not everyone’s cup of tea, especially in India. One of the closest alternatives to EVs is the Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV). They provide the flexibility of switching between electric mode and conventional engine mode.
This presentation mainly focuses on the application and other aspects of Hybrid Vehicles.
i.e battery electric vehicle (BEV), electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), internal combustion engine (ICE), integrated circuit (IC), lithium-ion rechargeable battery cell (Li-ion).
HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES
1. INTRODUCTION
A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) has two types of energy storage units, electricity and fuel.
Electricity means that a battery (sometimes assisted by ultracaps) is used to store the energy, and that an electromotor (from now on called motor) will be used as traction motor.
Fuel means that a tank is required, and that an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE, from now on called engine) is used to generate mechanical power, or that a fuel cell will be used to convert fuel to electrical energy. In the latter case, traction will be performed by the electromotor only. In the first case, the vehicle will have both an engine and a motor.
Depending on the drive train structure (how motor and engine are connected), we can distinguish between parallel, series or combined HEVs.
Depending on the share of the electromotor to the traction power, we can distinguish between mild or micro hybrid (start-stop systems), power assist hybrid, full hybrid and plug-in hybrid.
Depending on the nature of the non-electric energy source, we can distinguish between combustion (ICE), fuel cell, hydraulic or pneumatic power, and human power. In the first case, the ICE is a spark ignition engines (gasoline) or compression ignition direct injection (diesel) engine. In the first two cases, the energy conversion unit may be powered by gasoline, methanol, compressed natural gas, hydrogen, or other alternative fuels.
Motors are the "work horses" of Hybrid Electric Vehicle drive systems. The electric traction motor drives the wheels of the vehicle. Unlike a traditional vehicle, where the engine must "ramp up" before full torque can be provided, an electric motor provides full torque at low speeds. The motor also has low noise and high efficiency. Other characteristics include excellent "off the line" acceleration, good drive control, good fault tolerance and flexibility in relation to voltage fluctuations.
The front-running motor technologies for HEV applications include PMSM (permanent magnet synchronous motor), BLDC (brushless DC motor), SRM (switched reluctance motor) and AC induction motor.
A main advantage of an electromotor is the possibility to function as generator. In all HEV systems, mechanical braking energy is regenerated.
The maximum operational braking torque is less than the maximum traction torque; there is always a mechanical braking system integrated in a car.
The battery pack in a HEV has a much higher voltage than the SIL automotive 12 Volts battery, in order to reduce the currents and the I2R losses.
Accessories such as power steering and air conditioning are powered by electric motors instead of being attached to the combustion engine. This allows efficiency gains as the accessories can run at a constant speed or can be switched off, regardless of how fast the combustion engine is running. Especially in long haul trucks, electrical power steering saves a lot of energy.
March 2011 - Michigan Energy Forum - Lisa WarshawAnnArborSPARK
Have you ever considered purchasing an electric vehicle? Want to find out what all the hype is about? Join us for an evening of information and updates on the rollout of electric vehicles in Michigan and the United States.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2. 1:-HYBRID VEHICLES
2:- WHY HEV ?
3 :- HEV MODEL
4 :- HOW HEVs WORK.
5 :-CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEV
6 :- ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGE
7 :- CONCLUSION
3. HYBRID VEHICLES
Any vehicle which combines two or more sources of
power.
Examples:
Diesel – electric
Petrol – electric
Gasoline - electric
4. About HEVs
HEVs offer the efficiency of electric-powered vehicles
without having to recharge by using conventional engines
and fuels.
Efficiencies are gained from motor down-sizing and
regenerative braking.
Inherent flexibility allows use for numerous applications
5. WHY HEV ?
Regenerative braking actually makes city driving more
economical than on the highway.
Fuel efficiency is greatly increased (twice).
Emissions are greatly decreased.
Dependency on fossils fuels can be decreased.
Can be run on alternative fuels as well.
7. How HEVs Work
HEV’s prolong charge on batteries capturing KE via
Regenerative Braking.
HEV’s use ICE to generate Electricity by spinning
Electric Generator either to Recharge or to feed power
17. POWER SPLIT HYBRIDS
It combines both Series and Parallel Hybrids
Series hybrids tend to be more efficient at lower speeds
and parallel tend to be more efficient at high speeds
Hence It is more efficient
18. HEV EFFIENCY
Three key factors:
Regenerative braking
Engine size
Vehicle weight & aerodynamic design
19. Engine size may be smaller than in a conventional
vehicle
Vehicle weight/aerodynamic design:
Built using special lightweight materials
Uses advanced aerodynamics to reduce drag
21. HEVs in Transportation
Increasing gasoline prices are making HEVs very
attractive to consumers.
HEVs are already available today and their use will
become more widespread as production picks up.
22. ADVANTAGES
Reduced fuel consumption
Excellent mileage
HEV is able to operate nearly twice as efficiently as traditional
internal combustion vehicles
Lighter batteries than electric vehicles
Regenerative braking system stores electrical energy in Batteries
Uses less fuel to recharge batteries
24. Global-Warming: Still An Issue.
Hybrids are not zero-emission vehicles.
Will cut down emissions of global-warming pollutants
by a third to a half.
Later models may cut these emissions down by even
more.
25. CONCLUSION
So, the HEVs have more efficiency, Low Fuel Economy,
High Reliability and Less Air Pollution.
Optimum Utilization of these Vehicles will yield in
good Results, especially Reduction of pollution.
