This document compares fuel cell vehicles and electric vehicles. It discusses the history and workings of fuel cell vehicles, which generate electricity from hydrogen to power electric motors. It also covers the benefits of fuel cell vehicles like no tailpipe emissions and high efficiency. Challenges include high costs and lack of hydrogen refueling infrastructure. Electric vehicles are also summarized, including their power from batteries and advantages like less maintenance, but shorter ranges between charges. The future of both technologies depends on improved batteries and fuel cells.
Jamie McBrien's IET PATW presentation describes what fuel cell vehicles are and why they being developed. The common myth regarding their safety is highlighted. Before concluding it also provides a comparison to electric vehicle performance.
Battery electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, conventional vehicle and now fuel cell vehicles. With the advancement of technology new inventions have been made in auto industry in past few years. Do you know what fuel cell vehicle is? This presentation attributes the features of fuel cell vehicles and how it differs from battery electric, plug-in hybrid electric and conventional vehicles. Also have some light on its feasibility and merits & demerits.
An EV is a shortened acronym for an electric vehicle. EVs are vehicles that are either partially or fully powered on electric power. Electric vehicles have low running costs as they have fewer moving parts for maintenance and also very environmentally friendly as they use little or no fossil fuels (petrol or diesel).
Jamie McBrien's IET PATW presentation describes what fuel cell vehicles are and why they being developed. The common myth regarding their safety is highlighted. Before concluding it also provides a comparison to electric vehicle performance.
Battery electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, conventional vehicle and now fuel cell vehicles. With the advancement of technology new inventions have been made in auto industry in past few years. Do you know what fuel cell vehicle is? This presentation attributes the features of fuel cell vehicles and how it differs from battery electric, plug-in hybrid electric and conventional vehicles. Also have some light on its feasibility and merits & demerits.
An EV is a shortened acronym for an electric vehicle. EVs are vehicles that are either partially or fully powered on electric power. Electric vehicles have low running costs as they have fewer moving parts for maintenance and also very environmentally friendly as they use little or no fossil fuels (petrol or diesel).
An electric vehicle (EV) is one that operates on an electric motor, instead of an internal-combustion engine that generates power by burning a mix of fuel and gases. Therefore, such as vehicle is seen as a possible replacement for current-generation automobile, in order to address the issue of rising pollution, global warming, depleting natural resources, etc. Though the concept of electric vehicles has been around for a long time, it has drawn a considerable amount of interest in the past decade amid a rising carbon footprint and other environmental impacts of fuel-based vehicles.
Creating a PowerPoint presentation on the "Types of Electric Vehicles" can be a useful way to educate your audience about the various electric vehicle (EV) technologies available. Here's a short description for each type of electric vehicle that you can include in your presentation:
Slide 1: Title
Title: "Types of Electric Vehicles"
Slide 2: Introduction
Briefly introduce the topic and its importance.
Mention the environmental and economic benefits of electric vehicles.
Slide 3: Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Describe BEVs as vehicles that run solely on electric power.
Highlight their zero-emission nature.
Mention examples like Tesla Model 3 and Nissan Leaf.
Slide 4: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
Explain PHEVs as vehicles that combine an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Emphasize their ability to drive on electric power and gasoline.
Mention examples like the Chevrolet Volt.
Slide 5: Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Define HEVs as vehicles with both an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Explain how they use regenerative braking to charge the battery.
Mention examples like the Toyota Prius.
Slide 6: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)
Describe FCEVs as vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity to power the electric motor.
Emphasize their zero-emission nature and fast refueling times.
Mention examples like the Toyota Mirai.
Slide 7: E-Bikes and E-Scooters
Explain that electric bicycles (e-bikes) and electric scooters (e-scooters) are becoming popular forms of electric mobility.
Discuss their role in last-mile transportation.
Slide 8: Commercial Electric Vehicles
Mention electric buses, trucks, and delivery vans.
Explain how commercial EVs contribute to reducing emissions in urban areas.
Slide 9: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Highlight the importance of charging infrastructure for EV adoption.
Discuss the types of chargers (Level 1, Level 2, DC fast chargers).
Slide 10: Government Incentives
Explain government incentives and subsidies for electric vehicle adoption.
Mention tax credits, rebates, and other benefits.
Slide 11: Environmental Benefits
Discuss how electric vehicles contribute to reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Highlight the positive impact on local air quality.
Slide 12: Cost of Ownership
Compare the total cost of ownership of electric vehicles to traditional gasoline vehicles.
Mention savings on fuel and maintenance.
Slide 13: Challenges and Future Outlook
Address challenges such as range anxiety, charging infrastructure gaps, and battery disposal.
Discuss the future outlook of electric vehicles and advancements in technology.
Slide 14: Conclusion
A brief introduction to the benefits of electric vehicles and how they are now becoming part of particular industries. GLH is a leading London Private Car Hire company. www.glh.co.uk
electric vehicle is very important for the glob...because it has lot's of advantages ...only one disadvantages is that it is requrie more time to charge..its has mainly 3 type of electric vehicle .
This presentation gives us clear idea on Electric vehicles. Need of EV in building a new methods in transportation world to reduce carbon emissions. Need of batteries into the cars.
Microbial fuel cell – for conversion of chemical energy to electrical energyrita martin
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a bio-electrochemical system that converts the chemical energy in the organic compounds/renewable energy sources to electrical energy/bio-electrical energy through microbial catalysis at the anode under anaerobic conditions. This process is becoming attractive and alternative methodology for generation of electricity. MFC can convert chemical energy directly into electricity without an intermediate conversion into mechanical power. MFC as various benefits Clean; Safe and quiet performance High energy efficiency and It is easy to operate, Electricity generation, Biohydrogen production, Wastewater treatment, Bioremediation .
An electric vehicle (EV) is one that operates on an electric motor, instead of an internal-combustion engine that generates power by burning a mix of fuel and gases. Therefore, such as vehicle is seen as a possible replacement for current-generation automobile, in order to address the issue of rising pollution, global warming, depleting natural resources, etc. Though the concept of electric vehicles has been around for a long time, it has drawn a considerable amount of interest in the past decade amid a rising carbon footprint and other environmental impacts of fuel-based vehicles.
Creating a PowerPoint presentation on the "Types of Electric Vehicles" can be a useful way to educate your audience about the various electric vehicle (EV) technologies available. Here's a short description for each type of electric vehicle that you can include in your presentation:
Slide 1: Title
Title: "Types of Electric Vehicles"
Slide 2: Introduction
Briefly introduce the topic and its importance.
Mention the environmental and economic benefits of electric vehicles.
Slide 3: Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Describe BEVs as vehicles that run solely on electric power.
Highlight their zero-emission nature.
Mention examples like Tesla Model 3 and Nissan Leaf.
Slide 4: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
Explain PHEVs as vehicles that combine an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Emphasize their ability to drive on electric power and gasoline.
Mention examples like the Chevrolet Volt.
Slide 5: Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Define HEVs as vehicles with both an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Explain how they use regenerative braking to charge the battery.
Mention examples like the Toyota Prius.
Slide 6: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)
Describe FCEVs as vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity to power the electric motor.
Emphasize their zero-emission nature and fast refueling times.
Mention examples like the Toyota Mirai.
Slide 7: E-Bikes and E-Scooters
Explain that electric bicycles (e-bikes) and electric scooters (e-scooters) are becoming popular forms of electric mobility.
Discuss their role in last-mile transportation.
Slide 8: Commercial Electric Vehicles
Mention electric buses, trucks, and delivery vans.
Explain how commercial EVs contribute to reducing emissions in urban areas.
Slide 9: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Highlight the importance of charging infrastructure for EV adoption.
Discuss the types of chargers (Level 1, Level 2, DC fast chargers).
Slide 10: Government Incentives
Explain government incentives and subsidies for electric vehicle adoption.
Mention tax credits, rebates, and other benefits.
Slide 11: Environmental Benefits
Discuss how electric vehicles contribute to reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Highlight the positive impact on local air quality.
Slide 12: Cost of Ownership
Compare the total cost of ownership of electric vehicles to traditional gasoline vehicles.
Mention savings on fuel and maintenance.
Slide 13: Challenges and Future Outlook
Address challenges such as range anxiety, charging infrastructure gaps, and battery disposal.
Discuss the future outlook of electric vehicles and advancements in technology.
Slide 14: Conclusion
A brief introduction to the benefits of electric vehicles and how they are now becoming part of particular industries. GLH is a leading London Private Car Hire company. www.glh.co.uk
electric vehicle is very important for the glob...because it has lot's of advantages ...only one disadvantages is that it is requrie more time to charge..its has mainly 3 type of electric vehicle .
This presentation gives us clear idea on Electric vehicles. Need of EV in building a new methods in transportation world to reduce carbon emissions. Need of batteries into the cars.
Microbial fuel cell – for conversion of chemical energy to electrical energyrita martin
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a bio-electrochemical system that converts the chemical energy in the organic compounds/renewable energy sources to electrical energy/bio-electrical energy through microbial catalysis at the anode under anaerobic conditions. This process is becoming attractive and alternative methodology for generation of electricity. MFC can convert chemical energy directly into electricity without an intermediate conversion into mechanical power. MFC as various benefits Clean; Safe and quiet performance High energy efficiency and It is easy to operate, Electricity generation, Biohydrogen production, Wastewater treatment, Bioremediation .
Microbial fuel cells are newest technological advancement in conventional fuel cell technology. Treatment of wastewater is coupled with electricity generation. Hydrogen production is also possible by modifying MFC technology. It is a independent essential review of Microbial fuel cell technology.
Electric cars are automobiles, which are powered by the electric engine and electric energy. The development of the electric vehicles is a very perspective and important process. Scientists and engineers managed to create electric engines which are no less effective than the ordinary engines used today. It is obvious that electric cars are more ecologically safe and require less energy for work. EVs provide fast acceleration by delivering power instantly to the wheels by providing high torque at low speeds; they give a feel of smooth and quick responsiveness (Technology).
Powerpoint Search Engine has collection of slides related to specific topics. Write the required keyword in the search box and it fetches you the related results.
Adaptive Cruise Control, Electronic Brake Force Distribution,Traction Control...Shubham Thakur
In this PPT All the modern controls are explained like
Adaptive Cruise Control, Electronic Brake Force Distribution,Traction Control System, Electronic Stability Control, Common Rail Direct Fuel Distribution, Turbocharged Direct Injection, Airbag
An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion. It can be powered by a collector system, with electricity from extravehicular sources, or it can be powered autonomously by a battery (sometimes charged by solar panels, or by converting fuel to electricity using fuel cells or a generator). EVs include, but are not limited to, road and rail vehicles, surface and underwater vessels, electric aircraft and electric spacecraft. For road vehicles, together with other emerging automotive technologies such as autonomous driving, connected vehicles and shared mobility, EVs form a future mobility vision called Connected, Autonomous, Shared and Electric (CASE) Mobility.
Electric hybride vehicle fundamentals history and comparison EHV AND ICV.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ICV.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ICV.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ICV.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ICV.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ICV.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ICV................................................................................................................................................
This report discusses new advances in technologies like regenerative breaking, mass production that reduces cost, battery management system, and higher battery life and battery efficiency are the few of the techies that made electric cars a within the reach of the common man.
electrical vehicle here described on the types of EV i.e. PHEV AND FCEV.An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that is powered by electricity. EVs are either partially or fully powered by electricity. They use an electric motor powered by electricity from batteries or a fuel cell.
Some types of electric vehicles include:
Electric passenger cars
Electric buses
Electric trucks
Electric buggy
Electric tricycles
Electric bicycles
Electric motorcycles/scooters .
EVs have low running costs and are environmentally friendly. They have less moving parts for maintaining and use little or no fossil fuels. All-electric vehicles produce zero direct emissions. FCEVs use a propulsion system similar to that of electric vehicles, where energy stored as hydrogen is converted to electricity by the fuel cell. Unlike conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, these vehicles produce no harmful tailpipe emissions.Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) use batteries to power an electric motor and another fuel, such as gasoline, to power an internal combustion engine (ICE).Plug-in-hybrid-electric vehicles (PHEVs) are the bridge between traditional gasoline vehicles and strictly battery-powered electrics. In many cases, the PHEV model serves as the performance trim. See, for example, the 302-hp Toyota RAV4 Prime or the 5.0-second-to-60-mph Lincoln Aviator Grand Touring.Like all-electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) use electricity to power an electric motor. In contrast to other electric vehicles, FCEVs produce electricity using a fuel cell powered by hydrogen, rather than drawing electricity from only a battery.Why is FCEV better?
Fuel cell vehicles are more efficient than combustion engines – a typical FCEV has about a 300 mile range. Similar to electric vehicles and hybrid technologies, their regenerative braking system is capable of capturing energy lost during braking and storing it in the battery.Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) rely solely on a battery to power the car. Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) have both batteries and an internal combustion engine (ICE) that work together or separately to power the car. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) produce power from a hydrogen fuel cell in the car. PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle)
They are similar to HEVs but have a bigger battery pack and electric motor.
Read more about these types of EVs in the following sections.
1. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
Vehicles powered solely by one or more electric batteries are known as BEVs. They are more popularly called EVs. Chargeable batteries power them, and there is no IC engine (petrol or diesel-powered). All the power comes from the battery pack, which is chargeable from the electricity grid. The charged battery pack sends power to one or more electric motors to move the vehicle.
Components of BEV
Battery pack
Electric motor(s).PHEVs are an extended form of HEVs. They have an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. However
A PPT ON 'FUEL CELL VECHILE ' WHICH IS BASED ON FUTURE DEMAND THAT MODERN VECHILE SHOULD BE MADE AND CHANGE IN VECHILE AND POLLUTION CAUSED BY PETROL , I PRESENTED TIHS IN MY COLLEGE AT ICSPR
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Governing Equations for Fundamental Aerodynamics_Anderson2010.pdf
Fuel cell vehicles and electric vehicles in future by rai asad sahi
1. FUEL CELL VEHICLES AND
ELECTRIC VEHICLES
PRESENTED BY : MUHAMMAD ASSAD
ROLL NO : 13 EL 41
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY BAHAWALPUR
2. FUEL CELL VEHICLE
A fuel cell vehicle (FCV) or fuel cell electric
vehicle (FCEV) is a type of vehicle which uses a
fuel cell to power its on-board electric motor. Fuel
cells in vehicles create electricity to power an
electric motor, generally using oxygen from the air
and compressed hydrogen.
3. HISTORY
The concept of the fuel cell was first demonstrated by
Humphry Davy in 1801.
William Grove, a chemist invented the first working fuel
cell in 1942.
In 1966, General Motors developed the first fuel cell road
vehicle, the Chevrolet Electrovan. It had a PEM fuel cell a
range of 120 miles and a top speed of 70 mph.
Fuel cell stacks were still limited principally to space
applications in the 1980s, including the Space Shuttle by
NASA.
4. WHY WE NEED FUEL CELL
VEHICLE
Cars and trucks using petroleum fuels are one of
the leading causes of air pollution.
Air pollution is single handedly responsible for up
to 30,000 premature deaths each year.
In 2013, transportation contributed more than half
of the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, and
almost a quarter of the hydrocarbons emitted into
our air.
5. Ozone depletion which can impair vision and
breathing. From 1979 to the present, the hole has
deepened within which ozone concentration has
fallen by almost 40%.
Global warming due to continuous increase in
temperature.
Getting hard to fulfill the increasing fuel
requirements.
Acid rain which is harmful for humans and plants
equally.
6. WHAT IS FUEL CELL?
A fuel cell is a device that generates electricity by a
chemical reaction. Every fuel cell has two electrodes,
one positive and one negative, called, respectively,
the anode and cathode. The reactions that produce
electricity take place at the electrodes.
Different types of fuel cells include polymer
electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, direct
methanol fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, molten
carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, reformed
methanol fuel cell and regenerative fuel cells.
7. WORKING
A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that combines
hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, with water and
heat as its by-product. In its simplest form, a single fuel cell
consists of two electrodes - an anode and a cathode - with an
electrolyte between them.
9. MERITS
Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) powered by pure hydrogen emit no
GHGs from their tailpipe, only heat and water.
FCVs could reduce our dependence on foreign oil since
hydrogen can be derived from domestic sources, such as
natural gas and coal, as well as renewable resources such as
water, biogas, and agricultural waste. That would make our
economy less dependent on other countries
Fuel cells have a higher efficiency than diesel or gas engines.
Hydrogen is a renewable fuel source as it is very plentiful.
The trick is to break the water molecules down to release it.
10. MERITS(CONTINUED)
Unlike all-electric vehicles (EVs), FCV’s hold a comparable
distance range and refueling time to gasoline vehicles.
Unlike vehicles which have internal combustion engine,
FCV’s require less maintainance.
Low noise pollution and thermal pollution.
Unlike electric vehicles FCV’s does not require recharging.
11. CHALLENGES
FCVs are currently more expensive than conventional
vehicles and hybrids, but costs have decreased significantly
and are approaching to more affordable rates till 2017.
The current infrastructure for producing, delivering, and
dispensing hydrogen to consumers cannot yet support the
widespread adoption of FCVs.
Warranty issues on major electric components. Dealership
and repair shop not familiar with new components.
Great amount of policy support and investment is essential to
achieve market readiness.
12. CHALLEHGES (CONTINUED)
Fuel cell technology must be embraced by consumers
before its benefits can be realized. They must become
familiar with a new kind of fuel. Public education can
accelerate this process.
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are the lack of sufficient
infrastructure for hydrogen refueling, and the cost of the
catalysts. Platinum is one of the most commonly used
catalysts for fuel cells, but it's very expensive.
15. ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Electric Cars use the energy stored in a battery (or series of
batteries) for vehicle propulsion. Electric motors provide a
clean and safe alternative to the internal combustion engine.
The electric vehicle is known to have faster acceleration but
shorter distance range than conventional engines.
EVs include road and rail vehicles, surface and underwater
vessels, electric aircraft and electric motor bikes.
Tesla Motors Roadster and the Nissan Leaf are the most
popular among them.
16. MARKETING OF ELECTRIC
VEHICLES
As of June 2015, over 180,000 Leafs have been sold
worldwide since December 2010, allowing the Nissan Leaf to
remain as the world's all-time best-selling highway-capable
electric car.
The top markets for Leaf sales are the United States with
80,000 units sold, followed by Japan with about 53,500 units,
and Europe with around 41,500.
As of June 2015, the market leader in Europe is Norway with
13,667 new Leafs sold, followed by the UK with over 10,000
units sold up until June 2015.
17. MARKETING(CONTINUED)
Other leading markets are
France with 4,847 units,
Germany with 2,781 units and
Canada with 2,453 units sold
since the Leaf introduction in
the country.
18. ADVANTAGES
The electric motor is far more efficient (70%-85%
efficiency) than the heat engine (need some numbers).
EV’s can use regenerative stopping (regain 30% of energy
used, theoretically).
EV’s are more environmentally friendly and the oil
supplies for conventional vehicles are being depleted.
Low maintainance cost.
19. DISADVANTAGES
Electric fuelling stations are still in the development stages.
So recharging points are few.
Electric cars require a huge charge in order to function
properly causing heavy electricity bills.
Most of the electric cars available today are small and 2
seated only.
20. DISADVANTAGES(CONTINUED)
Electric cars are limited by range and speed.
Depending on the type and usage of battery, batteries of
almost all electric cars are required to be changed every 3-
10 years.
Initial cost is high.
21. The Nickel Metal Hydride Battery
BENEFITS
Hold twice as much energy as lead batteries.
Have a longer life cycle.
Require no maintenance.
The materials in them are far less toxic than the materials in
regular car batteries.
22. DISADVANTAGES
They can be heavy and bulky.
High price- as much as $5000.
With sudden boom of hybrid cars, there is a supply
shortage.
23. REMEMBERING….
Average driver: 14,000 miles per year
For Tesla(EV): 0.31 KWh per mile
Approximately 4,340 KWh per year
1 Billions cars in the world
If 25% EV then 1,085,000,000 MWh per year
MWh worldwide: 20,000,000,000 MWh
Where does the additional power come from?
24. SOLAR POWERED CAR
Average solar panel is 300 watts
panel size is 1 meter by 2 meters
Tesla(EV) with 53 KWh battery went 23KWh per 22
km
73 Panels would be required to power the Tesla
So, we concluded that solar is not efficient enough
to be mobile and maintain charge.
27. FUTURE OF ELECTRIC
VEHICLES
Future electric cars will most likely carry lithium-ion
phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries.
The LiFePO4 batteries are rechargeable and powerful and
are being used in electric bikes and scooters. Electric cars
will most likely adopt this technology in the future.
If the developers of future electric cars can create vehicles
with a range of 300 miles per charge, a charging time of
five to ten minutes, and safety in operating the vehicles,
the market is wide open for them.
28. Researchers are working on improved battery
technologies to increase driving range and decrease
recharging time, weight, and cost. These factors will
ultimately determine the future of EVs.
“In 15 years Americans will be routinely driving hybrid
electric cars performing at 80 miles per gallon. Today's
internal-combustion-engine-only vehicle will become an
artifact of history.” - Dan Doughty
29. CONCLUSION
As seen in this presentation, the FCV’s and EV’s have many
advantages and benefits over the internal combustion engine and
hybrid vehicle. These are cleaner and much more efficient;
however, these also have disadvantages.
The future of the FCV’s and EV’s relies on their battery and fuel
cell quality. If researchers can produce or find the “super
battery” or “super fuel cell”, the future of these vehicles is
promising.
30. As of today, each vehicle has its own characteristic that
makes it better than the other. Only time and
technological improvements will tell which vehicle will
excel in the future.
But according to experts time is going in the favour of
modern fuel cell vehicles. Therefore we can expect that
there is maximum possibility of fuel cells in vehicles in
future.