Pendulum lab
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The document discusses how to determine the variables that affect the period of a pendulum. It explains that the length of the pendulum, measured from the point of suspension to the center of mass of the bob, affects its period. The variables that do affect the period of a pendulum are its length and mass. Students should analyze their data to determine if changes in these variables resulted in changes to the period and whether their results match the equation that describes the relationship between variables and period of a pendulum.
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· Data Collection and Processing (DCP)
· Conclusion & Evaluation (CE)
· Manipulative Skills (MS)
· Personal Skills (PS)
5. Each of these criteria is further divided into three parts called ‘Aspects’. When I grade your lab report, I will determine whether you met each aspect completely, partially, or not at all (c, p or n). This will then determine what total mark you earn on that section of your lab report. You can earn up to 6 points for each section—a “complete” is worth 2 points, a “partial” is worth 1 point, and a “not at all” is worth 0 points toward that total score. I will maintain careful records of the experiments we do and what marks each student achieved. Additionally, you will maintain all your graded lab work in a 3-ring binder.
6. Wow, this looks like an awful lot of work for lab reports! But you must keep in mind some very important points:
· You will not have to write a full lab report (using all the criteria) for every lab!! In fact, most of the labs we do will focus on only one or two of the criteria, so you will only write up these parts. Only a few labs will assess each of the first three criteria.
· Your overall mark (0-6) in each criterion is not an average of all your labs. Instead, it is a summary mark that reflects your level of achievement by the end of the course. So don’t worry if you get some low scores initially. They won’t count against you in your IB internal assessment grade as long as you steadily improve. There is plenty of time to learn and improve as the course goes on!
7. In addition to this very strict .
Science Inquiry: Conclusion
The document outlines the key steps of the scientific method including observation, hypothesis, experiment, and conclusion. It emphasizes the importance of recording specific procedures so experiments can be performed by others. The conclusion should state whether the data supports or contradicts the original hypothesis. Errors should be noted to improve future experiments, and plans for further investigation should be proposed.
8th Grade Chapter 1- nature of science
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in science:
1) Science is the process of understanding the natural world through experiments and developing theories based on evidence. Scientists conduct research to solve problems and create new technologies.
2) There are many branches of science, each studying different aspects of nature. The scientific method involves making observations, formulating hypotheses, conducting experiments, analyzing results, and developing theories.
3) Theories are explanations that are continually tested and can be modified, while scientific laws are fundamental principles that reliably describe natural phenomena. The limits of science are questions that cannot be empirically tested, involving ethics, morality, or other non-empirical domains.
Introduc on to Science 12 The Scientific Meth.docx
This document provides an overview of the scientific method and key steps involved, including making observations, developing testable questions and hypotheses, designing experiments with variables, collecting and analyzing data, interpreting results, and drawing conclusions. It discusses important historical figures like Aristotle and their contributions to the development of the scientific method. The document also outlines the typical sections of a lab report used to communicate scientific experiments.
Scientific Method - Reference SCIENCE HS
The document discusses the scientific method, which involves making observations, formulating a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing data, drawing conclusions, and retesting. The key steps are:
1) Making observations and asking questions to investigate.
2) Forming a hypothesis as a proposed explanation.
3) Designing experiments to test the hypothesis, which involves controls, variables, and replication.
The goal is to support or refute the hypothesis and draw reliable conclusions about the natural world. The process may then be repeated to refine understanding.
Research design and experimentation
The document discusses research design and experimentation. It defines research design as the blueprint that guides the research process. An effective research design maximizes systematic variance between variables, minimizes error variance, and controls for confounding variables. This is known as the MAXMINCON principle. Experimental designs have higher internal validity while non-experimental correlational designs have higher external validity but lower internal validity since they cannot control for confounding variables.
IMRAD FORMAT
IMRAD format
An acronym for Introduction – Method – Results – and – Discussion. The IMRaD format is a way of structuring a scientific article. It is often used in health care and the natural sciences. Unlike theses in the social sciences, the IMRaD format does not include a separate theory chapter
06 nos.and.experimentation
Science can be defined as the observation and experimentation used to study and better understand the natural world. This includes both pure science, which is research for its own sake, and applied science, which applies scientific discoveries to technology and improve life. A valid experiment must have one independent variable being tested, a dependent variable being measured, and all other variables kept as constants to isolate the effect of the independent variable. Most science done today falls into applied science as it aims to use scientific knowledge to solve problems and develop new technologies.
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific PapersG.docx
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific Papers
General Tips o Be concise. In scientific writing, it is very important to say as much as is needed while using as few words as possible. Lab reports should be thorough, but repetition should be avoided. The entire report should be clear and straightforward.
· Write in the third person. Avoid using the words “I” or “we” when referring to the experimental procedure. For example, instead of “I boiled 50 mL of water for 10 minutes,” the report should read, “50 mL of water was boiled for 10 minutes.” This can be a bit difficult to get used to, so it is important to pay close attention to the wording in the report
· Use correct verb tenses. Many students become confused when trying to decide whether to use past or present tense in their reports. If referring to anything that happened in the past, then use the past tense. For example, if you are writing about an experiment you have already performed, then refer to it in the past tense. Present tense should be used when referring to a scientific principle, such as, “Water is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.” The general rules for verb tenses are as follows:
· The experimental procedure has already been conducted, so use the past tense of the verb when referring to it:
Ex: The purpose of the experiment was...
The compound was weighed to 5 g...
· The report, equipment, and theory still exist, so use the present tense of the verb for them:
Ex: The purpose of this report is...
Bunsen burners are used...
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
LAB REPORT FORMAT
Style Guidelines:
· Typed
· Paper: 8.5” x 11”
· Spacing: Double-spaced
· Margins: 1 inch
· Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt (EVERY word in your paper should have this font type and size)
· APA FORMAT
Major Paper Sections:
· Title Page
· Abstract
· Introduction
· Materials and Methods
· Results
· Discussion
· References
TITLE PAGE
The title should be less than ten words and should reflect the factual content of the paper. A good title is straightforward and uses keywords that researchers in a particular field will recognize. It should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. Your title may take up one or two lines. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced. Beneath the title, type the author's name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (PhD). Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.
ABSTRACT
Begin a new page. On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotations marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. ...
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific PapersG.docx
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific Papers
General Tips o Be concise. In scientific writing, it is very important to say as much as is needed while using as few words as possible. Lab reports should be thorough, but repetition should be avoided. The entire report should be clear and straightforward.
· Write in the third person. Avoid using the words “I” or “we” when referring to the experimental procedure. For example, instead of “I boiled 50 mL of water for 10 minutes,” the report should read, “50 mL of water was boiled for 10 minutes.” This can be a bit difficult to get used to, so it is important to pay close attention to the wording in the report
· Use correct verb tenses. Many students become confused when trying to decide whether to use past or present tense in their reports. If referring to anything that happened in the past, then use the past tense. For example, if you are writing about an experiment you have already performed, then refer to it in the past tense. Present tense should be used when referring to a scientific principle, such as, “Water is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.” The general rules for verb tenses are as follows:
· The experimental procedure has already been conducted, so use the past tense of the verb when referring to it:
Ex: The purpose of the experiment was...
The compound was weighed to 5 g...
· The report, equipment, and theory still exist, so use the present tense of the verb for them:
Ex: The purpose of this report is...
Bunsen burners are used...
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
LAB REPORT FORMAT
Style Guidelines:
· Typed
· Paper: 8.5” x 11”
· Spacing: Double-spaced
· Margins: 1 inch
· Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt (EVERY word in your paper should have this font type and size)
· APA FORMAT
Major Paper Sections:
· Title Page
· Abstract
· Introduction
· Materials and Methods
· Results
· Discussion
· References
TITLE PAGE
The title should be less than ten words and should reflect the factual content of the paper. A good title is straightforward and uses keywords that researchers in a particular field will recognize. It should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. Your title may take up one or two lines. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced. Beneath the title, type the author's name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (PhD). Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.
ABSTRACT
Begin a new page. On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotations marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research..
Scientificmethod 120724142851-phpapp01
This document provides an overview of experimental and descriptive research design. It discusses key aspects of experimental design including identifying independent and dependent variables, developing hypotheses stated in if-then format, conducting controlled experiments with a treatment group and control group, collecting quantitative data, and analyzing results to determine if the hypothesis is supported or rejected. Descriptive design is based on observations without manipulating variables. The document emphasizes developing questions from observations and emphasizes the importance of precise measurements, sample size, repeated trials, and using tables and graphs to organize and analyze data.
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Vector Hunt
This document outlines an experiment to determine whether taking different paths to the same destination affects the distance between the starting and ending points. Students will work in groups, each choosing a different path composed of x- and y-steps, and then add the results using vector addition to compare the total space between the points. They are asked to hypothesize the outcomes and show maps, calculations, and conclusions regarding vectors, scalars, distance, and displacement.
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This document discusses measurements and the metric system. It provides instructions for students to measure dimensions of objects in their lab and explains how to make precise scientific measurements. It then introduces the metric system, which is based on powers of ten, making conversions between units easy. Prefixes are used to indicate multiplying or dividing the base unit by factors of ten. The document emphasizes that the metric system allows for consistent and easy conversions between units.
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2. It discusses the history of science, noting that prior to about 200 years ago "science" did not exist and natural philosophy was practiced instead.
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Jungle Village
The document outlines the agenda for a physics class, which includes having students fill out an intro survey, discussing the history and evolution of physics, and comparing how discovering the "rules" of a simulated jungle village relates to the scientific method. It then describes an activity called "Jungle Village" where students must figure out the communication rules of a village by questioning villagers acting according to specific parameters, to experience the process of scientific discovery. Students will write a summary of the activity and watch demonstrations on the evolution of scientific thought from Aristotle to Newton.
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The document discusses energy and provides examples to test the reader's understanding of different types of energy. It presents scenarios involving objects like a squirrel jumping, a pendulum swinging, a skydiver napping, and cars driving or racing. For each scenario, the reader is asked to identify if the object has kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, both, or neither. The document then provides equations to calculate total energy, kinetic energy, and gravitational potential energy using values like mass, velocity, and height. It provides example problems to calculate the energy for objects like TVs, cars, people, airplanes, motorcycles, and animals.
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The document is a chapter on impulse from a physics textbook. It includes learning targets that state the student will be able to describe impulse as a change in momentum and as a result of force and time. To demonstrate understanding, the student must identify equations for impulse and momentum, units of impulse, and create examples of objects gaining and losing momentum. It also includes sample problems calculating impulse from changes in momentum, force and time.
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The document provides learning targets, definitions, equations, and example problems for understanding and calculating momentum. It defines momentum as "moving inertia" and provides the momentum equation P=MV. It explains that the student will learn to describe similarities and differences between inertia and momentum, as well as solve problems using the momentum equation by manipulating it to find momentum, mass, or velocity. Several word problems are included as examples for using the momentum equation.
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【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
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◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
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◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
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1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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7:个人信誉贷款加10分
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Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
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Pendulum lab
- 1. Thinking Scientifically Finding the variable(s) that affect the period of a pendulum
- 2. A simple pendulum consists of a string, cord, or wire that allows a suspended mass to swing back and forth. The categorization of "simple" comes from the fact that all of the mass of the pendulum is concentrated in its "bob" - or suspended mass. As seen in this diagram, the length of the pendulum is measured from the pendulum's point of suspension to the center of mass of its bob. Its amplitude is the string's angular displacement from its vertical or its equilibrium position. If a pendulum is pulled to the right side and released to swing back and forth, its path traces our a sine curve as shown below.
- 3. Which variable(s) COULD affect the period of a pendulum?
- 4. The variables that DO affect the period of the pendulum are…
- 5. How do you know? • Look at your data • Which variables had an effect on the period of your pendulum? • How do you know it’s enough of a change? • Why weren’t all the times for the trials exactly the same? • Do your results match up with what the equation for this relationship says?
- 7. RERUN Writing an effective science conclusion
- 8. R.E.R.U.N. Recall what you did during this lab Explain why you did this lab and what you were trying to find out Reflect on the lab’s meaning. If you predicted, did it match your hypothesis? Was your hypothesis wrong? Why? Uncertainty (errors that were in the lab that you could not control [aka: weather problems, measurement mistakes, etc.] or errors that you came across during the lab that you could fix for the next time you perform this lab) New questions or new discoveries (normally you put at least three)
- 9. R.E.R.U.N. Recall what you did during this lab: How well did they summarize? Did you get a basic review about materials and methods used? Did the writer explain how the lab was set-up and completed? (rate on a scale of 1-5) Explain why you did this lab and what you were trying to find out: Did they state the purpose of the lab? Were you able to understand why the lab was done? (rate on a scale of 1-5) Reflect on the lab’s meaning. If you predicted, did it match your hypothesis? Was your hypothesis wrong? Why?: What was their hypothesis? Was it correct? Were there any surprises from the results? Was there any relationships that came from this lab? (rate on a scale of 1-5) Uncertainty (errors that were in the lab that you could not control [aka: weather problems, measurement mistakes, etc.] or errors that you came across during the lab that you could fix for the next time you perform this lab): What went wrong? Why wasn’t your data perfect? Did they specify what kinds of problems occurred during the lab? (rate on a scale of 1-5) New questions or new discoveries (normally you put at least three): Did they state at least 3 questions and/or discoveries? (rate on a scale of 1-5)
- 10. Which variable(s) could affect the period of a spring?
- 11. Do your results match the equation?