This document discusses paralinguistic features of speech, which are non-verbal elements that contribute meaning. It describes qualities like voice, volume, rate, pitch, articulation, pronunciation, and pause. Specific qualities like voice quality, volume, pace/rate, pitch, articulation, pronunciation, and modulation are defined. Voice quality can distinguish individuals and be resonant, soft, thin, hoarse, or harsh. Volume should project but not always be loud. Pace/rate should vary between 120-150 words per minute. Pitch varies with intonation and emotion. Articulation and pronunciation impact credibility if words are slurred or mispronounced. Modulation prevents dullness through word and sentence stress. Pauses

1. PARALINGUISTIC
By:- HIMANSHU MANI TRIPATHI

2. The use of manner of speaking
to communicate particular
meaning.

3.  Generally our voice is our trademark.
 it is that part of our self that adds human touch to our words
 It is characterized as follows:-
 voices
 quality
 volume
 rate
 pitch
 articulation
 pronunciation
 pause

4. Quality
 Quality is a characteristic that distinguishes one person to another.
 It may be rich and resonant(deep & clear), soft and
alluring(attractive or fascinating), thin and nasal, hoarse(rough &
harsh) and husky(low pitched) or harsh and irritating.
 Very few people are naturally blessed with deep and resonant
quality; everybody can improve his/her quality of the voice and
develop it to its fullest potential.
 Abraham Lincon and Winston Churchill, for example, adapted the
quality of their voices to become speakers par excellence.

5. Volume
 Volume is the loudness or the softness of the voice.
 our voice should always project but need not always be loud.
 If the place we are speaking in is large and open, the volume should
be high.
 One way to improve our voice and speaking style is through reading
aloud.

6. Pace/Rate
 Rate is the number of words which you speak per minute. It varies
from person to person and from 8 to 250 words per minute.
 The normal rate is from 120 to 150 words.
 If a person speaks too slowly and monotonously, he is most likely to
be considered a dull speaker even though the contents of his speech
may be highly interesting.
 Similarly , a fast speaker also causes discomfort because the listeners
do not get time to grasp the thoughts.
 It is best, therefore, to vary our speaking pace.

7. Pitch
 Pitch refers to the numbers of vibrations per second of our voice.
 The rise and fall of the voice conveys various emotions.
 Avoid raising the pitch of we voice as we end a sentence.

8. Articulation
 Speakers should be careful not to slop, slur( to pronounce
indistinctly), chop, truncate, or omit sounds between words or
sentences.
 Lazy articulation, slurred sounds, or skipping over words will lower
the credibility of the speaker.

9.  Pronunciation
 If articulation means speaking out all the sounds distinctly then
pronunciation requires us to speak out sounds in way that is
generally accepted.
 The best way is to follow British Received Pronunciation.
 One should be careful enough to pronounce individual sounds
along with word stress according to the set norms(a standard,
model or pattern).
 Wherever there is confusion, always consult a good dictionary
and try to pronounce it accordingly.

10. Voice Modulation
 While intonation refers to the total tonal variations, modulation pertains to
the way we regulate, vary, or adjust the tone, pitch and volume of the sound
or speaking voice
 If we do not pay special attention to the modulation of our voice then our
voice become flat and we emerge as a languid(lacking in vigor or vitality)
speaker with no command over our voice. Word stress and sentence stress
also play an important roll in voice modulation.
 For example, by accentuating(to pronounce with accent) one or two words
in a sentence , we can effectively bring in modulation in our voice.
 This will help us to avoid sounding dull and monotonous.

11. Pause
 Interrupt action or speech briefly.
 A temporary stop or rest, especially in speech or actipon.
 A pause helps not only the listener but the speaker as well.
Pause automatically come in between the major point of your
speech.

12. THANK YOU