This document discusses hydraulic braking systems. It explains that hydraulics uses pressurized fluids to transmit and increase force. Hydraulic braking systems use this principle to transmit pressure from the brake pedal through fluid to the calipers or wheel cylinders to create braking force. It describes different types of braking systems like drum, disc, and dual systems as well as components like the master cylinder, calipers, and proportioning valves which are used to balance braking force.

2.  The technology of controlling pressurized fluids to
create
 force and motion is known as Hydraulics .
HYDRAULIC PRINCIPLES:
 Fluids cannot be compressed
 Fluids can transmit Movement
• Acts “Like a steel rod” in a closed container
• Master cylinder transmits fluid to wheel cylinder or
• caliper piston bore.
 Fluids can transmit and increase force
PRESSURE =FORCE / AREA

4. Of course ,the final contact between vehicle and road made through tyres
-hence it is of great importance in braking system.
Bald or defective tyres will even make the best brakes ineffective.
The braking systems which works with the help of hydraulic
principles is known as hydraulic braking systems.

5. HYRAULIC BRAKING SYSTEM CAN BE OPERATED BY
Vacuum, Hydro or Motor assisted
Disc System
Drum System
Dual System

6. DRUM BRAKE
MASTER
CYLINDER
DISK BRAKE
BRAKE PEDAL

7. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE IS DISTRIBUTED EQUALLY IN ALL DIRECTIONS
BY THE SAME PRINCIPLE ……….

8. SAME LINE OF PRESSURE WILL BE EXERTED ON ALL WHEELS

9. The Hydraulic pressure is the same, but the applied force can
be changed by the piston size.

10. Expanding shoes create force on the inner surface of the drum
Used on the rear of some trucks and SUV’s
Self-energizing design requires less activation force
Require periodic adjustment

12. DISK BRAKES WORKS WITH THE HELP OF CALIPERS

13. FIXED CALIPERS
Calipers are disc brakes that use a caliper that is FIXED
in position and does not slide.
-They have pistons on both sides of the disc.
-There may be 2 or 4 pistons per caliper
FLOATING CALIPERS
-Much more common
-Single Piston
-Easier to work with
-On “inboard” side of caliper
Calipers are of two types

14. Applies two pistons to opposite sides of rotor
Caliper stays stationary
Disc Brakes require higher hydraulic pressure
-Motorcycles and some import trucks and cars use this
type
-Similar to bicycle brakes

15. .Applies pressure to two pads on opposite sides
of rotor
.Caliper
-Sliding
-Fixed
.Friction Material exposed to air

17. THIS CONDITION WILL OCCUR IF THERE IS MORE FRONT BRAKE TORQUE
THAN DYNAMIC FRONT WEIGHT
THIS CONDITION WILL OCCUR IF THERE IS MORE REAR TORQUE THAN
DYNAMIC REAR WEIGHT

18. Optimum braking is achieved when brake torque distribution matches
dynamic weight distribution
TO ACHIEVE THIS CONDITION PROPORTIONATING VALVES ARE USED
When a vehicle brakes , weight is transferred to the front.the nose will
dip as it gets heavier and rear will rise as it gets lighter.The rear needs less
hydraulic pressure.
Proportionating valves are used to provide balanced braking
by reducing hydraulic pressure to rear wheel

19. When a large variation at axle loading takes place, such as railway wagons ,
trucks ,load or height sensitive proportionating valves regulate more hydraulic
pressure to the rear axle in the amount needed.
Some vehicles with front/ rear split braking systems have a proportionating
valve by-pass which allows full pressure to rear axle if front brakes fails.

20. Properties of Brake Fluid
Does not thicken or then with changing heat
Must not boil
Must be compatible with brake parts material
Must lubricate internal parts
Must not evaporate easily
The fluid through which the energy is passed in hydraulic braking systems is
known as BRAKE FLUID