Presented by: Dr. Adel Gabr Abdel-Razek
Fats and Oils Dept., National Research Center.
in workshop on Workshop on Oleochemicals at the SemiRamis Intercontinental Hotel.
Oleochemicals - What are they?
fatty acids
fatty alcohols
fatty methyl esters
fatty amines
glycerine
Oleochemical pathways
What are they used for?
Where do they come from?
Review of Organic Functional Groups
Fatty Acids
- Uses
- Process
- Splitting
- Hydrogenation
Ni Catalyst for FA hydrogenation
Catalyst deactivation in fatty acids by corrosion
Ni soap decomposition
Nickel dissolution in the presence of hydrogen
Comparison pore size & TG/FA molecules
Effect of pore dimensions in fatty acid hardening
Effect of premixing timeon catalyst activity
Effects of catalyst dissolution summarized:
Reducing Ni soaps
Issues
Alternative catalyst for FA hydrogenation (i)
Precious metal catalyst cycle
Alternative catalyst for FA hydrogenation (ii)
Fatty Alcohols
- Uses
- Process
Fatty Ester Hydrogenolysis
Fixed Bed Hydrogenolysis
Slurry Phase Hydrogenolysis
Fatty OH polishing
Fatty Methyl Esters
- Uses
Advantages of ME vs FA as a feedstock
FME - Biodiesel
Fatty Amines
Glycerin
- Uses
- The Future
REFERENCE:
Some graphs and photographs, in particular the photo of "The nickel deposits in the tube section", were extracted from Johnson Matthey contributions to International conferences.
Oleochemical Technology. Production of fatty acids & glycerine starting from vegetable & animal oil and fats Hydrolysis is the basic production step, the fats and oils are split into crude glycerine and a mixture of crude fatty acids, under the combined action of water, temperature and pressure. The temperature exceeds 200°C and the products are kept under pressure for more than 20 minutes.. Fats & oils crude glycerine + crude fatty acids + water
3. • A process for the esterification of a triglyceride. • The process comprises forming a single phase solution of said triglyceride in an alcohol selected from methanol and ethanol, the ratio of alcohol to triglyceride being 15:1 to 35:1. • The solution further comprises a co-solvent in an amount to effect formation the single phase and a base catalyst for the esterification reaction. • After a period of time, ester is recovered from the solution. • Esterification is rapid and proceeds essentially to completion. • The esters may be used as biofuel or biodiesel
4. Glycerine (also called glycerin or glycerol) is an alcohol which is used as a moisturizer in soaps and lotions. Glycerine has a sweet taste, and it can be used as a food preservative and a non-sugar sweetener.
5. Glycerine Lubricants (jet engine, refrigeration) Plasticizer for Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) Explosives Polyurethane Foam
6. Examples of Derivative
7. Process involves 1. A fatty acid or fatty acid mixture is esterified in a column reactor. 4. As the liquid flows down the trays it encounters progressively drier lower alkanol. 5. The ester product recovered from the bottom of the reactor has an ester content of at least 99 mole % (calculated on a lower alkanol free basis). 2. Relatively dry lower alkanol vapour (water content not more than 5 mole %) is injected into the bottom of the column reactor. 3. Water of esterification is removed from the top of the column reactor in the vapour stream, whilst ester product is recovered from the sump of the reactor.
Episode 46 : PRODUCTION OF OLEOCHEMICAL METHYL ESTER FROM RBD PALM KERNEL OIL SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Episode 46 : PRODUCTION OF OLEOCHEMICAL METHYL ESTER FROM
RBD PALM KERNEL OIL
Oleo chemicals
The term ― oleo chemicals refers to any chemical compounds derived from natural oils
almost 95% of natural oils and fats are used in food application
small percentage is applied in non-food purposes such as soap manufacturing
The advantages of using oleo chemicals over petrochemicals are:
Oleo chemicals are derived from renewable resources .
Oleo chemical production requires less energy and causes less pollution .
Oleo chemicals are fully non-toxic .
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Presented by: Chemist / Eid koranyOwner and technical managerof Taba company for Chemical
Industries and cleaning products
in workshop on Workshop on Oleochemicals at the SemiRamis Intercontinental Hotel.
Presented by: Dr. Adel Gabr Abdel-Razek
Fats and Oils Dept., National Research Center.
in workshop on Workshop on Oleochemicals at the SemiRamis Intercontinental Hotel.
Oleochemicals - What are they?
fatty acids
fatty alcohols
fatty methyl esters
fatty amines
glycerine
Oleochemical pathways
What are they used for?
Where do they come from?
Review of Organic Functional Groups
Fatty Acids
- Uses
- Process
- Splitting
- Hydrogenation
Ni Catalyst for FA hydrogenation
Catalyst deactivation in fatty acids by corrosion
Ni soap decomposition
Nickel dissolution in the presence of hydrogen
Comparison pore size & TG/FA molecules
Effect of pore dimensions in fatty acid hardening
Effect of premixing timeon catalyst activity
Effects of catalyst dissolution summarized:
Reducing Ni soaps
Issues
Alternative catalyst for FA hydrogenation (i)
Precious metal catalyst cycle
Alternative catalyst for FA hydrogenation (ii)
Fatty Alcohols
- Uses
- Process
Fatty Ester Hydrogenolysis
Fixed Bed Hydrogenolysis
Slurry Phase Hydrogenolysis
Fatty OH polishing
Fatty Methyl Esters
- Uses
Advantages of ME vs FA as a feedstock
FME - Biodiesel
Fatty Amines
Glycerin
- Uses
- The Future
REFERENCE:
Some graphs and photographs, in particular the photo of "The nickel deposits in the tube section", were extracted from Johnson Matthey contributions to International conferences.
Oleochemical Technology. Production of fatty acids & glycerine starting from vegetable & animal oil and fats Hydrolysis is the basic production step, the fats and oils are split into crude glycerine and a mixture of crude fatty acids, under the combined action of water, temperature and pressure. The temperature exceeds 200°C and the products are kept under pressure for more than 20 minutes.. Fats & oils crude glycerine + crude fatty acids + water
3. • A process for the esterification of a triglyceride. • The process comprises forming a single phase solution of said triglyceride in an alcohol selected from methanol and ethanol, the ratio of alcohol to triglyceride being 15:1 to 35:1. • The solution further comprises a co-solvent in an amount to effect formation the single phase and a base catalyst for the esterification reaction. • After a period of time, ester is recovered from the solution. • Esterification is rapid and proceeds essentially to completion. • The esters may be used as biofuel or biodiesel
4. Glycerine (also called glycerin or glycerol) is an alcohol which is used as a moisturizer in soaps and lotions. Glycerine has a sweet taste, and it can be used as a food preservative and a non-sugar sweetener.
5. Glycerine Lubricants (jet engine, refrigeration) Plasticizer for Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) Explosives Polyurethane Foam
6. Examples of Derivative
7. Process involves 1. A fatty acid or fatty acid mixture is esterified in a column reactor. 4. As the liquid flows down the trays it encounters progressively drier lower alkanol. 5. The ester product recovered from the bottom of the reactor has an ester content of at least 99 mole % (calculated on a lower alkanol free basis). 2. Relatively dry lower alkanol vapour (water content not more than 5 mole %) is injected into the bottom of the column reactor. 3. Water of esterification is removed from the top of the column reactor in the vapour stream, whilst ester product is recovered from the sump of the reactor.
Episode 46 : PRODUCTION OF OLEOCHEMICAL METHYL ESTER FROM RBD PALM KERNEL OIL SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Episode 46 : PRODUCTION OF OLEOCHEMICAL METHYL ESTER FROM
RBD PALM KERNEL OIL
Oleo chemicals
The term ― oleo chemicals refers to any chemical compounds derived from natural oils
almost 95% of natural oils and fats are used in food application
small percentage is applied in non-food purposes such as soap manufacturing
The advantages of using oleo chemicals over petrochemicals are:
Oleo chemicals are derived from renewable resources .
Oleo chemical production requires less energy and causes less pollution .
Oleo chemicals are fully non-toxic .
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Presented by: Chemist / Eid koranyOwner and technical managerof Taba company for Chemical
Industries and cleaning products
in workshop on Workshop on Oleochemicals at the SemiRamis Intercontinental Hotel.
The substitution of fuels known as fossil or traditional, derived from petroleum represents one of the great challenges facing humanity currently. One of the alternatives is to replace the diesel oil using the production of biodiesel. This is a renewable fuel derived from vegetable oils (edible or inedible, new or used) and animal fats that have properties similar to oil.
Palm Oil, Palm Kernel Oil Process - Fractions, Derivatives and Product UsesGreenPalm
One of our previous infographics looked at an overview of the complexity in the palm oil / palm kernel oil supply chain. RSPO (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil) certified oil still remains a market niche (16% of total palm oil production now RSPO certified); keeping physical oil separated from non certified oil can be very difficult and impossible depending on where you are based and the types of process and products used. If the world just used crude palm oil, tracing physical sustainable palm oil would be simpler.
We now delve a little deeper into the supply chain, identifying the various processes along the supply chain. Included are examples of product applications with a key that describes the various products and processes e.g Fractionation, Hydrogenation, distillation, IE Palm Stearin, RBD Palm Kernel Stearin, Emulsifier etc.
The product examples we provide do not cover all individual products that palm or palm kernel oil are used in. All main refinery processes are covered; however further blending and manufacturing processes do take place passed what is shown in this graphic.
Processes
- Palm Oil Mill Process
- Crushing
- Refining RBD
- Fractionation
- Interesterification
- Hydrogenation
- Glycerolysis
- Distillation
Products
- RBD Palm Oil
- RBD Palm Olein
- RBD Palm Stearin
- Double Olein (or Super Olein)
- Palm Mid Fraction
- Double Stearin
- Mid Stearin
- Palm Kernel Expeller
- RBD Palm Kernel Oil
- RBD Palm Kernel Olein
- RBD Palm Kernel Stearin
- Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD)
- Palm Kernel Fatty Acid Distillates (PKFAD)
- Oleochemicals
- Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil (HPKO)
- Emulsifier
- Hydrogenated Palm Olein
- Hydrogenated Double Olein
- Hydrogenated Palm Oil
- Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Olein
- IE Palm
- IE Palm Olein
- IE Palm Stearin
Edible Oil Refinery from Crude Palm Oil. Palm Oil Processing Business. Crude Palm Oil Refining Plant
Palm oil is a fatty edible vegetable oil, yellowish in color, derived from the flesh and the kernel of the fruit of the oil palm tree. The oil palm tree is a tropical, single stemmed tree having feather like leaves that gains a height of around 20 meters. The fruits of this tree, that are also the sources of the palm oil grow in bunches, are reddish in color, bigger than plums in size and have a single seeded kernel inside.
Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is one of the most important edible oil in India. Palm oil is one of the few vegetable oils known to be rather high in saturated fats, and it comes close to soybean oil as one of the most widely-produced vegetable oils in the world.
See more
https://goo.gl/Lr7Azz
https://goo.gl/r3kGKx
https://goo.gl/KFpCsA
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Edible Oil Refinery, Processing and Refining of Edible Oils, Edible Oil Refinery Plant, Edible Oil Refining Process, Vegetable Oil Refining Plant, Edible Oil Plant, Edible Oil Processing, Edible Oil Refinery Process Flow Diagram, Edible Oil Refinery Project Cost, Edible Oil Refining Process PPT, Refining of Edible Oil, Edible Oil Refinery Process Pdf, Edible Oil Processing Plant, Cost of Setting Up a Small and Medium Scale Edible Oil Refinery Plant, Small Scale Oil Refinery, Edible Oil Refinery Project, Project Report on Edible Oil Manufacturing, Investment Opportunity in Edible Oil Manufacturing Unit, Crude Palm Oil Refinery, Palm Oil Refinery Plant, Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Palm Oil Refining, Crude Palm Oil Refining Plant, Vegetable Oil Refinery, Palm Oil Refinery in India, Palm Oil Refinery Plant Cost, Palm Oil Processing Plant Cost in India, How to Start a Palm Oil Processing Business? Palm Oil Processing Business, Extraction and Refining of Crude Palm Oil, Crude Palm Oil to Refined Oil, Starting a Palm Oil Processing Unit, Palm Oil Industry, Project Report on Palm Oil Processing Industry, Detailed Project Report on Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Project Report on Edible Oil Refinery, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Feasibility report on Edible Oil Refinery, Free Project Profile on Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Project profile on Edible Oil Refinery, Download free project profile on Edible Oil Refinery
Fatty alcohol. Define fatty alcohols Describe the production processes of fatty alcohols and its derivatives Draw the flow chart of fatty alcohol production Explain the uses and application of fatty alcohols.
3. Definitionof Fatty Alcohols Fatty alcohols are the workhorse raw materials that facilitate the existence of products such as shampoos, shaving creams, laundry detergents, etc, and are produced at a rate of about one-and-a-half million tonnes per year and growing. Fatty alcohols are oleochemicals derived from vegetable feedstocks. The feedstock raw materials include coconut and palm kernel oils. These refined vegetable oils are first converted to a methyl ester or fatty acid. This reaction generates crude glycerine. The intermediate methyl ester or fatty acid are then fractionated and hydrogenated to produce fatty alcohol. Sources : http://www.pgchemicals.com/products/fatty-alcohols/
4. Chemical Equation for Fatty Alcohol Production Sources : http://www.pgchemicals.com/products/fatty- alcohols/
5. Block diagram of Fatty Alcohol production process
6. Fatty acids are converted into methyl ester and hydrogenated into fatty alcohols.
7. Sources : http://www.abq.org.br/workshop/11/ADRIANO- SALES-%20FIRJAM_Oleochemicals-from-Palm-Kernel- Oil.pdf
8. Hydrogenation All natural fatty alcohol processes are based on renewable fats and oils like coconut, palm oil,palm kernel,rope seed and soya bean oil. It has been proven that hydrogenation of methyl esters are preferred alternatives than hydrogenating the oils directly. Using fixed bed hydrogenation process offers the advantage of lower hydrogenation temperatures and pressures. Using special catalysts, this process is able to produce unsaturated fatty alcohols too. To produce fatty alcohols, there are three routes which is acid route,ester route and wax ester route that are shown in the following block diagrams.
9. - Acid route - Ester route - Wax ester route
10. Acid Route
The substitution of fuels known as fossil or traditional, derived from petroleum represents one of the great challenges facing humanity currently. One of the alternatives is to replace the diesel oil using the production of biodiesel. This is a renewable fuel derived from vegetable oils (edible or inedible, new or used) and animal fats that have properties similar to oil.
Palm Oil, Palm Kernel Oil Process - Fractions, Derivatives and Product UsesGreenPalm
One of our previous infographics looked at an overview of the complexity in the palm oil / palm kernel oil supply chain. RSPO (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil) certified oil still remains a market niche (16% of total palm oil production now RSPO certified); keeping physical oil separated from non certified oil can be very difficult and impossible depending on where you are based and the types of process and products used. If the world just used crude palm oil, tracing physical sustainable palm oil would be simpler.
We now delve a little deeper into the supply chain, identifying the various processes along the supply chain. Included are examples of product applications with a key that describes the various products and processes e.g Fractionation, Hydrogenation, distillation, IE Palm Stearin, RBD Palm Kernel Stearin, Emulsifier etc.
The product examples we provide do not cover all individual products that palm or palm kernel oil are used in. All main refinery processes are covered; however further blending and manufacturing processes do take place passed what is shown in this graphic.
Processes
- Palm Oil Mill Process
- Crushing
- Refining RBD
- Fractionation
- Interesterification
- Hydrogenation
- Glycerolysis
- Distillation
Products
- RBD Palm Oil
- RBD Palm Olein
- RBD Palm Stearin
- Double Olein (or Super Olein)
- Palm Mid Fraction
- Double Stearin
- Mid Stearin
- Palm Kernel Expeller
- RBD Palm Kernel Oil
- RBD Palm Kernel Olein
- RBD Palm Kernel Stearin
- Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD)
- Palm Kernel Fatty Acid Distillates (PKFAD)
- Oleochemicals
- Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil (HPKO)
- Emulsifier
- Hydrogenated Palm Olein
- Hydrogenated Double Olein
- Hydrogenated Palm Oil
- Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Olein
- IE Palm
- IE Palm Olein
- IE Palm Stearin
Edible Oil Refinery from Crude Palm Oil. Palm Oil Processing Business. Crude Palm Oil Refining Plant
Palm oil is a fatty edible vegetable oil, yellowish in color, derived from the flesh and the kernel of the fruit of the oil palm tree. The oil palm tree is a tropical, single stemmed tree having feather like leaves that gains a height of around 20 meters. The fruits of this tree, that are also the sources of the palm oil grow in bunches, are reddish in color, bigger than plums in size and have a single seeded kernel inside.
Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is one of the most important edible oil in India. Palm oil is one of the few vegetable oils known to be rather high in saturated fats, and it comes close to soybean oil as one of the most widely-produced vegetable oils in the world.
See more
https://goo.gl/Lr7Azz
https://goo.gl/r3kGKx
https://goo.gl/KFpCsA
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Edible Oil Refinery, Processing and Refining of Edible Oils, Edible Oil Refinery Plant, Edible Oil Refining Process, Vegetable Oil Refining Plant, Edible Oil Plant, Edible Oil Processing, Edible Oil Refinery Process Flow Diagram, Edible Oil Refinery Project Cost, Edible Oil Refining Process PPT, Refining of Edible Oil, Edible Oil Refinery Process Pdf, Edible Oil Processing Plant, Cost of Setting Up a Small and Medium Scale Edible Oil Refinery Plant, Small Scale Oil Refinery, Edible Oil Refinery Project, Project Report on Edible Oil Manufacturing, Investment Opportunity in Edible Oil Manufacturing Unit, Crude Palm Oil Refinery, Palm Oil Refinery Plant, Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Palm Oil Refining, Crude Palm Oil Refining Plant, Vegetable Oil Refinery, Palm Oil Refinery in India, Palm Oil Refinery Plant Cost, Palm Oil Processing Plant Cost in India, How to Start a Palm Oil Processing Business? Palm Oil Processing Business, Extraction and Refining of Crude Palm Oil, Crude Palm Oil to Refined Oil, Starting a Palm Oil Processing Unit, Palm Oil Industry, Project Report on Palm Oil Processing Industry, Detailed Project Report on Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Project Report on Edible Oil Refinery, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Feasibility report on Edible Oil Refinery, Free Project Profile on Crude Palm Oil Refining Unit, Project profile on Edible Oil Refinery, Download free project profile on Edible Oil Refinery
Fatty alcohol. Define fatty alcohols Describe the production processes of fatty alcohols and its derivatives Draw the flow chart of fatty alcohol production Explain the uses and application of fatty alcohols.
3. Definitionof Fatty Alcohols Fatty alcohols are the workhorse raw materials that facilitate the existence of products such as shampoos, shaving creams, laundry detergents, etc, and are produced at a rate of about one-and-a-half million tonnes per year and growing. Fatty alcohols are oleochemicals derived from vegetable feedstocks. The feedstock raw materials include coconut and palm kernel oils. These refined vegetable oils are first converted to a methyl ester or fatty acid. This reaction generates crude glycerine. The intermediate methyl ester or fatty acid are then fractionated and hydrogenated to produce fatty alcohol. Sources : http://www.pgchemicals.com/products/fatty-alcohols/
4. Chemical Equation for Fatty Alcohol Production Sources : http://www.pgchemicals.com/products/fatty- alcohols/
5. Block diagram of Fatty Alcohol production process
6. Fatty acids are converted into methyl ester and hydrogenated into fatty alcohols.
7. Sources : http://www.abq.org.br/workshop/11/ADRIANO- SALES-%20FIRJAM_Oleochemicals-from-Palm-Kernel- Oil.pdf
8. Hydrogenation All natural fatty alcohol processes are based on renewable fats and oils like coconut, palm oil,palm kernel,rope seed and soya bean oil. It has been proven that hydrogenation of methyl esters are preferred alternatives than hydrogenating the oils directly. Using fixed bed hydrogenation process offers the advantage of lower hydrogenation temperatures and pressures. Using special catalysts, this process is able to produce unsaturated fatty alcohols too. To produce fatty alcohols, there are three routes which is acid route,ester route and wax ester route that are shown in the following block diagrams.
9. - Acid route - Ester route - Wax ester route
10. Acid Route
introduction to soil stabilization and introduction to geo textiles and synth...husna004
Stabilization is the process of blending and mixing materials with a soil to improve certain properties of the soil. The process may include the blending of soils to achieve a desired gradation or the mixing of commercially available additives that may alter the gradation, texture or plasticity, or act as a binder for cementation of the soil.
Soybean Oil Market | Price, Processing Plant ReportIMARC Group
Soybean oil is considered as one of the healthiest cooking oils and currently represents the second largest edible oil consumed in the world. The latest report of soybean oil describes the demand of soybean oil to grow at a CAGR of around 4% in the coming years. Link to report: http://www.imarcgroup.com/soybean-oil-processing-plant
The factors that are playing a major role in the growth of the market are increasing threat of fossil fuel depletion, no purification needed for using biocatalysts and rising use of latest technology in research & development activities.
Linear Alkyl Benzene Market Size, Share, Industry Report, 2030Chem Analyst Pvt Ltd
LAB is an organic compound mostly used as an intermediate in the production of surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS), also known as linear alkylbenzene sulphonic acid (LABSA) which is the key ingredient for producing biodegradable detergents.
Petroleum Products: Refining and Distillation (Lubricants, Waxes and Petroche...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Petroleum refineries are large, capital-intensive manufacturing facilities with extremely complex processing schemes. More than 660 refineries, in 116 countries, are currently in operation, producing more than 85million barrels of refined products per day. Each refinery has a unique physical configuration, as well as unique operating characteristics and economics.
Rising crude oil prices powered revenue growth as refiners have passed costs down the distribution line. Since 2011, profit has steadily recovered in line with improving demand, while low domestic oil prices further bolstered margins. In 2016, profit is anticipated to rise slightly, though it remains below historic levels. This industry is anticipated to recover over the next five years as fuel prices rise and consumption increases.
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Email:
npcs.ei@gmail.com
info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tags
Asphalt crude oil, Asphalt Manufacturing Process, Asphalt Production and Oil Refining, Asphalt production plant, Asphalt refining process, Business guidance, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Chemical Thermodynamics for Industry, Crude oil distillation process, Crude Oil Processing, Crude oil refining process, Distillation and Refining of Petrochemicals, Distillation and Refining of Petroleum Products, Distillation in the Petroleum Industry, Distillation of Petroleum Products, Feedstock for petrochemicals, Great Opportunity for Startup, How Asphalt Is Produced, How lubricating oil is made, How to get petrol from crude oil?, How to start a business Oil Refinery (Petroleum Products), How to Start a Petroleum Production Business, How to Start a Petroleum refining and distillation industry?, How to start a successful Petroleum products making business, How to start Petroleum Products manufacturing in India, Lube Oil manufacturing, Lubricating oil manufacturing process, Lubricating oil refining process, Manufacture of Absorbent, Manufacture of Asphalt from Petroleum, Manufacture of Crude Oil, Manufacture of Fuels Oils, Manufacture of Gasoline, Manufacture of Kerosene, Manufacture of Oils, Manufacture of Petroleum Asphalts, Manufacturing Process of Lubricants, Method for distillation of petroleum products, Most Profitable Petroleum Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Petroleum processing industry, Oil and gas production, Oil refinery in India, Oil refinery, Petro products manufacturing, Petroleum asphalt production process, Petroleum Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Petroleum Distillation, Petroleum Fuels Manufacturing, Petroleum Processing Projects, Petroleum Products manufacturing Industry in India, Petroleum Products Refining Business, Petroleum Products, Petroleum Refinery, Petroleum refining and distillation Business, Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Processes
Diethyl Chlorophosphate Market is highly diverse, with a range of services and specialties, including quantitative and qualitative research, brand research, product testing, customer satisfaction research, and competitive analysis.
Worldwide market for Biolubricant product categories explored in this study includes Hydraulic Fluids, Metalworking Fluids, Chainsaw Lubricants, Mold Release Agents, Gear Oils, Two-Stroke Engine Oils and Greases. The report also focuses on end-use markets for biolubricants comprising Automotive & Transportation, Commercial/Industrial and Others. The global markets for the above mentioned product categories and end-use applications are analyzed in both value in USD and the volumes in pounds (lbs). Global volume consumption of Biolubricants, estimated at 1.3 million pounds in 2013, valued at about US$2 billion, and forecast at 1.4 million pounds (US$2.1 billion) in 2014, is further expected to maintain a CAGR of 5.5% between 2010 and 2020 to reach a projected 1.9 million pounds, of value US$3 billion, by 2020.
IFFCO - Market Leader in Fertilizer Industry
This is project on Strategic Analysis of IFFCO.
In this study, corporate strategy and business strategy of iFFCO was studied. All the models of strategic management which includes External and Internal Environment affecting the organization, SWOT Analysis, Porter's Five forces Internationalization strategies, growth strategies of IFFCO were studied.
Recommendations were also shared with the organization
A biofuel is a hydrocarbon that is made BY or FROM a living organism that we humans can use to power something. A thorough research work has been carried out by few of the colleagues(me & my MBA mates) to analyze the potential for the algae fuel and how can it be made commercially viable.
Bio-Alcohols Market Report, published by Allied Market Research, forecasts that the global market is expected to garner $11,574 million by 2022, registering a CAGR of 8.6% during the period 2014-2022. Bioethanol is the largest segment by type and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.6% during the forecast period, in terms of revenue.
Factors that drive the growth of the bio-alcohols market are, the demand for greener fuel coupled with providing long-term energy security to supply energy in line with economic developments and sustainable environmental needs. Volatility in crude oil prices is also expected to provide significant growth opportunities to the bio-alcohol industry players.
Read more details about report at: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/bioalcohol-market
Presentation by Ms. Vicky Chia, Senior Executive, Science, Environment and Sustainability Division, MPOC
was presented during Techno-Economic Marketing for Palm Oil (TEMPO) in Algeria 2022
Presentation by Dr. Ruslan Abdullah, Director, Science, Environment and Sustainability Division, MPOC
was presented during Techno-Economic Marketing for Palm Oil (TEMPO) in Algeria 2022
Presentation by Mr. Faisal Iqbal, Director, Marketing & Market Development, MPOC
was presented during Techno-Economic Marketing for Palm Oil (TEMPO) in Algeria 2022.
Dr. Ruslan Abdullah
Director, Science, Environment and Sustainability Division
MPOC HQ/ Malaysia
&
Ms. Sarafhana Dollah
Senior Executive, Science, Environment & Sustainability Division
MPOC HQ/ Malaysia
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
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This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
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2. Contents
• The major source of Oleo chemicals Industries
• Increasing global demand for Palm Oil in the Oleo
chemicals and converted Products
• Plans and Strategies of Production to keep pace with
Increasing demand for palm oil tion to keep
pace with inceason to keep pace with inceaonverted
Products
• The future of The oleo chemicals industry in EGYPT
dependence on Palm Oil as a major source of Raw
Material
3.
4. • Oleo chemicals Market by:
Type (Fatty Acid, Fatty Alcohol, Glycerin, and Others)
Application (Pharmaceutical & personal care, Food &
beverages, Soaps & detergents, Polymers, and
Others)
Region (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and
Rest of the World)
5. • By Type:
o Fatty acid
o Fatty alcohol
o Glycerin
o Others
• By Applications:
o Pharmaceutical & personal care
o Food & Beverages
o Soaps & Detergents
o Polymers
o Others
• By Region:
o Asia-Pacific
o North America
o Europe
o RoW
6. Increasing global demand for Palm Oil in
the Oleo chemicals and converted
Products
• Increasing the oleo Chemicals market growth, according
to the evolution of scientific and
applied research for these products, which evolve day
after day by the growth rate of the economy of the
country and people In the late 1970s.
7. Increasing global demand for Palm Oil in
the Oleo chemicals and converted
Products
• The Group identified the vast
potential of palm oil as an
excellent alternative feedstock to
the oleo chemical industry which
was then mainly based on tallow
and coconut oil.
8. • There are some factors
affecting the increase in applications Oleo
chemicals aspects of life and the follow-up to
increase and accounted for developing markets and
policies producers to maintain the flow of raw material
to the Oleo chemicals Industry and the growth of markets.
9. • Increasing demand for biodegradable and sustainable
products, coupled with recent changes in regulations, are
increasing the importance of oleo chemicals in various
segments of the chemicals industry, notably polymers,
lubricants and bio surfactants, all of which offer significant
opportunities for companies in the long run. Companies
that explore organic and/or inorganic growth options in
this market space could be poised for major growth.
10. • Oleo chemicals have been used for applications in
surfactants, personal care, soaps, detergents and food
additives. However, various new applications are
emerging where they can replace petroleum-based
products, creating exciting growth opportunities.
11.
12.
13.
14. Oleo chemicals Market Analysis By Product (Fatty
Acid, Fatty Alcohol, Glycerol) And Segment
Forecasts To 2020
15. • The global oleo chemicals market was estimated at 14
million tons in the 2013 financial year and it is expected to
grow at 6%/year over the next five years to reach 18
million tons. The Asia-Pacific accounts for 68% of the
market and this is expected to grow at 8%/year over the
next five years. Surfactants, home care and personal care
are the largest end use segments.
16. • The global oleo chemicals market is expected to reach
USD 30.03 billion by 2020, according to a new study by
Grand View Research, Inc.
• Increasing demand for bio-based products from various
end-use industries such as soaps & detergents,
pharmaceuticals and personal care is expected to remain
a key driving factor for the global oleo chemicals market.
• Industry has shifted its focus towards developing bio-
based products on account of volatility in petro chemicals
prices due to supply demand imbalances which is also
expected to have a positive influence on oleo chemicals
demand over the forecast period.
17. • Initiatives from different environmental associations
regarding toxic emissions from petrochemicals are
expected to further help oleo chemicals penetrate the
market on account of its biodegradable and renewable
raw materials.
18. • The global market for natural fatty acids reached nearly
$17.1 billion and $18.3 billion in 2013 and 2014,
respectively. This market is expected to grow at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.1% to $25.7
billion for the period 2014-2019
• Growing demand for sustainable & biodegradable
products
• Growing petrochemical prices
• Growth of major end-use industries
• Change in environmental regulations and blending
norms
• Consistent supply of key feedstock
• Low profit margins for refiners
19. • An overview of the global markets for oleochemicals,
including natural fatty acids, biodiesel and methyl esters,
glycerin, as well as derivatives such as soaps , branched
fatty acids, and fatty alcohols.
• Analyses of global market trends, with data from 2013
and 2014, and projections of CAGRs through 2019.
• Examination of applications by end market, such as
household, personal care, oil field, and lubricants.
20. • Discussion of current and potential legislation that will
affect the industry.
• Coverage of consumer trends that drive many of the end
markets, such as cleaning, beauty, and food.
• Increased biodiesel requirement could push prices of oils
higher thereby making them less attractive vis-à-vis
petroleum feed stocks. However, this risk is largely
mitigated by a significant shift worldwide towards shale
gas as the new energy source.
21. • The continuous availability of feed stocks is a major issue
for companies operating in oleo chemicals.
• Historically, about 12-14% of the world's vegetable oil
production has been used for oleo chemical production.
The emerging applications discussed above would require
an additional 8 million tones/year by 2020, although the
projected increase in vegetable oil production from 150
million tones in 2012 to 185 million by 2020 should meet
this need.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28. Plans and Strategies of Production to
keep pace with Increasing demand for
palm oil
• Growing demand for sustainable & biodegradable
products
• Growing petrochemical prices
• Growth of major end-use industries
• Change in environmental regulations and blending
• Consistent supply of key feedstock
• Low profit margins for refiners
29. • In addition, companies are rapidly realizing that other
world regions also offer climatic conditions suitable for
palm oil plantations.
• Sierra Leone and Liberia form a major part of what is
called the new frontier in West Africa.
• For example, Golden Veroleum plans to invest up to $1.6
billion in Sierra Leone and is eyeing over half a million
hectares of land for palm plantations.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34. BASIC
OLEOCHEMICALS COMPANY
Fatty Acids
1.Acidchem International Sdn Bhd 2.Emery Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd.
3.Natural Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd 4.Global Biodiesel Sdn Bhd
5.Inno-Wangsa Oils & Fats Sdn Bhd 6.Kwantas Oil Sdn Bhd
7.Nexsol (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 8.Pan Century Edible Oil Sdn Bhd
9.Timuran Enterprise Sdn Bhd
Glycerine
1.Pacific Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd 2.Acidchem International Sdn Bhd
3.Emery Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd. 4.IFFCO Malaysia Sdn Bhd
5.Natural Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd 6.Palm Oleo Sdn Bhd
7.Pan Century Oleochemical Sdn Bhd 8.Southern Acids Sdn Bhd
9.Kwantas Oil Sdn Bhd 10.Nexsol (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
11.Pan Century Edible Oil Sdn Bhd 12.Timuran Enterprise Sdn Bhd
13.Carotino Bhd 14.KL-Kepong Oleomas Sdn Bhd
15.Lereno Sdn Bhd
Fatty Alcohols 1.Emery Oleochemicals (M) Sdn Bhd 2.Fatty Chemical (M) Sdn Bhd
3.FPG Oleochemical Sdn Bhd 4.KL-Kepong Oleomas Sdn Bhd
Fatty Esters 1.Carotino Sdn Bhd 2.Emery Oleochemicals (M) Sdn Bhd
3.FPG Oleochemical Sdn Bhd 4.KL-Kepong Oleomas Sdn Bhd
LISTOFOLEOCHEMICALCOMPANIES(EXPORTERS(
35. OLEOCHEMICAL DERIVATIVES
Fatty Amides 1.Kao Oleochemical (M) Sdn Bhd
2.Palm Amide Sdn Bhd
3.Southern Edible Oil industries Sdn Bhd
Metallic Stearate/
PVC Stabilizers
1.Stabilchem Sdn Bhd
2.Sun Ace Kakoh (M) Sdn Bhd
3.Baerlocher (M) Sdn Bhd
Soap Noodles 1.Southern Edible Oil Industries Sdn Bhd
2.Derichem (M) Sdn Bhd
3.Pacific Soap Manufacturing Sdn Bhd
4.Unitata Bhd
5. KL-Kepong Oleomas Sdn Bhd
6.Natural Soaps Sdn Bhd
7.Pan Century Edible Oils Sdn Bhd
Vegetable-oil
Based Polyol
1.Maskimi Polyol Sdn Bhd
2.Intermed Sdn Bhd
Palm-mixed
Carotenoids/
Toco-trienols
1.Carotech Sdn Bhd
2.Bio Organics Sdn Bhd