This document provides information about nonwoven fabrics, including definitions, history, production processes, characteristics, uses, and the roles of industry associations. It defines nonwoven fabrics as sheet materials made from long fibers bonded together without weaving or knitting. The production of nonwovens began in the 19th century and expanded commercially in the mid-20th century. Key points covered include the main steps of nonwoven production, common fiber materials, properties such as absorbency and strength, and applications in areas like filtration, hygiene, medical, furniture, and automotive. Industry associations that support the development of nonwovens are also mentioned.

2. Cutesy :
Name
ID

Saleh Akram
2009200400006

A. B. M. Golam Kibria
2009200400007

Ahmed Mostofa Sheikh
2009200400008

Md. Atikuir Rahman
2009200400009

Md. Hasanuzzaman
2009200400024
12th Batch
Southeast University
Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh

3. Prepared By :
Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir
ID: 2010000400008
13th Batch
Wet Processing Technology
Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com
Southeast University
Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh

4. Introduction
Nonwoven Fabric is a fabriclike material made from long
fibers, bonded together by
chemical, mechanical, heat
or solvent treatment. The
term is used in the textile
manufacturing industry to
denote fabrics, such as
felt, which are neither
woven nor knitted.
Nonwoven materials typically
lack strength unless densified
or reinforced by a backing.

5. Definition
 Nonwoven
stuffs are largely described
as piece or web structures, bonded
simultaneously by entangling fibre or
filaments mechanically, thermally or
chemically.

6. Definition of Nonwoven by EDANA
A
nonwoven is a sheet of fibres, continuous
filaments or chopped yarns of any
origin, that have been formed into a web
by any means, and bonded together by any
means with the exception of weaving or
knitting.

7. History of Non-Woven

The nonwoven textile fabric industry had an exploratory beginning in the late 1940s
which entered into a development phase in the 1950s followed by commercial
expansion in the 1960s.

In the 19th century when England was the leading textile producing country,
realizing that large amounts of fiber were wasted as trim a textile engineer named
Garnett developed a special carding device to shred this waste material back to
fibrous form. This fiber was used as filling material for pillows. The Garnett Machine
though greatly modified, today still retains his name and is a major component in
the non-woven industry. Later on manufacturers in Northern England began
binding these fibers mechanically (using needles) and chemically (using glue) into
batts. These were the precursors of today's non-woven.

8. Discussion

The great advantages in non-woven fabrics
is the speed with which the final fabric is
produced.

All yarn preparation steps are
eliminated, and the fabric production itself
is faster than conventional methods.

To produce 500,000 meters of woven
sheeting requires 2 months of yarn
preparation, 3 months of weaving on 50
looms and 1 month for finishing and
inspection.

Non-woven fabric can deliver the same
quantity of sheeting within 2 months from
order.

Not only are production rate are higher for
nonwovens, but the process is more
automated, requiring less labor than even
most modern knitting or weaving systems.

The nonwoven process is also efficient in
its use of energy.

Production Rate

9. Characteristics

Nonwovens have specific characteristics that allow them to
deliver high-performance across a wide range of applications.
Specific functions include:
-
Absorbency
-
liquid repellency
-
Resilience
-
stretch
-
Softness
-
strength
-
flame retardancy
-
wash ability (selective products),
-
Cushioning
-
filtering
-
bacterial barrier and sterility

10. Woven Vs. Nonwoven
Woven Fabrics (current utility uniform
fabrics):
Non-Woven (not woven from the loom)
Fabrics:
o Old Textile technologies known for
centuries
o Only a few decades’ old, future fabric
technologies
o Outdated and outsources to other
countries
o Offer innovation and technological growth
for the industries in the USA
o Not very effective for barrier garments o Very Effective for barrier clothing
o Many steps thus expensiveive.
o Few steps thus Less Expensive
o Examples – Garment, Furnishings etc.
o Examples –
Medical Garments, Hazmat
Clothing, Automotive etc.

11. Making nonwoven production

There are normally
three stages for
making non-woven
products.

They are:
1.
Web formation,
2.
Bonding systems; and
3.
Finishing treatments.

12. Raw Materials
Cellulosic fibers

The volume of bleached cotton used in nonwoven fabrics has
been steadily increasing and cotton-polyester and rayonpolyester blends in nonwoven fabrics bonded by hydro
entangling have become attractive combinations for medical
and feminine hygiene applications. There has been an interest
in using unbleached cotton in nonwoven processes and some
attractive experimental fabrics have been produced through
the use of the hydro entangling process.

13. Raw Materials
Synthetic fibers

The two most popular polyolefin fibers are
polyethylene and polypropylene. These polymers
are either converted into staple-length fibers which
are subsequently converted into nonwoven fabrics
or else converted into spun bonded nonwoven
fabrics by extruding the polymers to form filaments
which are formed into webs and bonded by thermal
processes.

14. Uses of Non-Woven

15. Auto Air Filtration
•
Micron Air particle
filters, with their high
arrestance Microfiber
nonwovens, protect
driver and passengers of
a
vehicle from pollen,
dust, soot and other
harmful particles
penetrating inside their
car via the intake air
flow.

16. Liquid Filtration
•
Nonwovens for filtering coolants
and lubricants, as well as
washing, phosphating and
coagulation baths in the metalprocessing industry.
•
Nonwovens for filtering milk,
frying fats, drinking water, and
blood plasma.
•
Membrane support nonwovens
for filtering fruit juices,
enzymes, electro-dip coating
and effluents.

17. Indoor Climate Control and Air Filtration

Air filters for intake, exhaust and
recirculated air filtration in
indoor climate control systems:
filter mats
pocket filters
activated-carbon
combination filters
cassette filters
HEPA/ULPA filters
depth-loading filter
cartridges
high-temperature filters

18. Dust Removal

Filter
cartridges, filter
plates, filter bags
and Eco-Protect
safety filters for
industrial dust
removal
applications, with
high-performance
filter media made
of nonwovens.

19. Special Filtration
•
Respirators
•
Vacuum cleaners
•
Kitchen hood filters

20. Hygiene

Baby diapers

Incontinence
products

Feminine hygiene
items

21. Medicals

In medical
applications, nonwovens offer
maximized levels of safety
and hygiene. They are used in
adhesive plasters, wound pads
and compresses, orthopedic
waddings and stoma products.

The nonwovens used here
must, for example, be
particularly absorbent and airpermeable, must not stick to
the wound, and also have to
ensure a skin-friendly microclimate.

22. Furniture/Textile Application

In furniture/textile
applications, nonwovens
satisfy even the most
disparate functional
requirements for producing
upholstered furniture, bed
ware and quilted
products, and protective
clothing. Nonwovens here
excel in terms of their
textile look, their airpermeable breathability, and
high abrasion resistance
values.

23. Horticulture

In horticultural
applications, nonwovens
protect the plants
against temperature
extremes by day and by
night, thus creating the
foundation for earlier
harvests with excellent
results. They are
permeable to both air
and water, UV-stabilized,
and resistant to rotting.

24. Automotive Interiors

Facings and structural
reinforcement materials are
used in a variety of different
applications Includes:
headliners,
trunk liners,
door trim,
package trays,
sun visors and
seats.

25. In Shoes
A broad spectrum of
applications including:
- liners,
- counter liners,
- inter-liners and
- reinforcing materials
Membranes and insoles
ensure a healthy foot
climate and a high degree
of foot comfort.

26. Inspection system of nonwoven fabric

There are some common inspection system for
nonwoven fabric is given bellows:

27. Melt blown process

28. Needle felting

29. Sample of Nonwoven Fabric

Using Polypropylene (PP) materials non woven fabrics are:

30. Nonwoven for GEO Textiles

31. Nonwoven for Medical Textiles

32. Association Takes role for Development of
Nonwoven:
1)
2)
3)
4)
Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry (INDA) which is research for
total improvement of nonwoven fabric since 1968 to still now. Their
conferences and action-oriented committees bring industry professionals
together to explore the most pressing trends and issues in the areas of
government relations, technology, marketing and international commerce.
In 1991 The Nonwovens Cooperative Research Center (NCRC) was established
as a State/Industry-University Cooperative Research Center (State/IUCRC).
Asian Nonwovens Fabric Association (ANFA) opens membership for the Asian
countries for expending the business of nonwoven.
EDANA is the international association serving the nonwovens and related
industries. EDANA provides a comprehensive range of services and supplies
its members with the information and data necessary for them to enhance
the industry goals and performance.

33. Conclusion

Nonwoven fabrics are engineered fabrics that may be a limited life,
single-use fabric or a very durable fabric. Nonwoven fabrics provide
specific functions such as absorbency, liquid repellency, resilience,
stretch, softness, strength, flame retardancy, wash ability, cushioning,
filtering, bacterial barrier and sterility. These properties are often
combined to create fabrics suited for specific jobs while achieving a good
balance between product use-life and cost. In combination with other
materials they provide a spectrum of products with diverse properties and
are used alone or as components of apparel, home furnishings, health
care, engineering, industrial and consumer goods.
 In this assignment we discussed what non-woven is and their
applications in textile.

34. Machine of Nonwoven Industry

35. Machine of Nonwoven Industry

36. Machine of Nonwoven Industry

37. Lay Out Of Non oven Factory
Machine of Nonwoven Industry

38. Thank You!