This document discusses various types of protective textiles, including materials and classifications. It focuses on chemical protective clothing. Key points: - Protective textiles are designed to protect the wearer from environmental hazards and include flame retardant, ballistic protection, medical, chemical, UV protection and industrial work wear fabrics. - Chemical protective clothing must resist permeation, degradation and penetration from chemicals. Important considerations in design are breakthrough time and liquid repellency. - Common materials for chemical protection include nonwoven fabrics like Tyvek and SMS polypropylene, activated carbon, and multi-layer combinations of fabrics and nonwovens. - Extreme cold protective clothing uses durable, flexible and insulating

1. By: Granch Berhe
2015

3. INTRODUCTION
• Nowadays safety and protective textile have become an
integral part in one or other form. Safety and protective
textile refer to garment and other fabric related items
designed to protect the wearer from harsh environmental
effects that may result in injury or death.
• c

4. Materials for manufacturing protective textiles

5. Classifications of Protective Textiles

7. • Flame retardant
o Kermel® and Kermel® / Viscose fabrics for
flight suits, station wear and turnout gear.
o Nomex® for military applications
o Molten Aluminum splash protective fabric.
o Electrical Arc
• Ballistic protection
o p – Aramid woven fabric for hard and soft
ballistic applications
• Lint free antistatic
o Continuous filament polyester / carbon
fabrics
• Medical textiles
o Systemic and non systemic antibacterial
and antistatic fabrics for surgeons gowns,
scrubs and warm up jackets.
• Chemical protection
o Liquid chemical protective fabrics
• UV protection
o Fabrics that offer a UPF rating for the
wearer.
• Industrial work wear
o Component fabrics for chain saw
protection
o freezer suits
o waterproof clothing
• Military textiles
o Uniforms

9. Routes of Exposure
9

10. Chemical Protective Clothing

11. CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
11

12. Chemical Protection
• Protective clothing cannot be made generic for all chemical
applications, since chemicals vary in most cases and a particular
CPC can protect only against a limited number of specific
chemicals.
• Important considerations in designing chemical protective
clothing are
– The amount of chemical permeation.
– Breakthrough time for penetration.
– Liquid repellency.
– Physical properties of the CPC in specific chemical conditions.
12

13. Requirements
• Chemical Protective Clothing Should Resist :
Permeation , Degradation, Penetration.
• Durability
• Flexibility
• Temperature Resistance
• Service Life
• Clean Ability
13

14. Textile Materials
• Ordinary textile materials are generally not considered suitable for protection
against chemicals, however special non-coated textile materials are used for a
variety of applications involving particulates and light liquid spray from relatively
non-hazardous chemicals.
• Though woven textiles are not often found in chemical protective clothing, very
tightly woven, repellent-treated fabrics can provide some very low minimum
protection against liquid exposure.
• More common are nonwoven fabrics that have demonstrated barrier performance
against particles and repellency of liquids.
• Two predominant examples of non- woven fabrics are flashspun polyethylene
(Tyvek) and spunbond/ meltbown/ spunbond (SMS) polypropylene (Kleenguard).
• These textiles are used because of their relatively low cost and because the
materials provide a structure of microfibers that filter out dry particulates and
many water-based liquids.
14

15. Adsorbent-Based Materials
• These materials include adsorbents, such as
activated charcoal or other sorbent materials.
• Activated Carbon : Activated carbon in very fine
powder or granular form is useful to purify both
water and air. Activated carbon has particular
affinity to organic materials such as solvents used in
printing inks and common coatings.
15

16. Fully Encapsulating Suit With Self-
Contained Breathing Apparatus.
16

17. Extreme COLD
PROTECTIVE
CLOTHING

18. Development of Chemical Protective Clothing
Polyester fabric
Cotton Nonwoven
Activated carbon
Cotton Nonwoven
Cotton fabric
• Formed by five layers
• Outer shell made of polyester as it has low absorption of 2% &
provides good strength to the fabric and polyester has a good
resistance to lab grade chemicals
• Inner layer is made up of cotton fabric as it gives good
absorbency and comfort
• Middle layer comprises of activated carbon sandwiched in
cotton nonwoven

19. Radiation Protection
Ultraviolet radiation band
UVA
(320 to 400 nm)
UVB
(290 to 320 nm)
UVC
(200 to 290 nm)
Causes little visible
reaction on skin
but decrease
immunological
response of skin cells
Responsible for
development of
skin cancers
Totally absorbed by
atmosphere &
doesn’t reach the
earth
Radiation Protection

20. Fabric's ability to block UVR dependent on several parameters:
Principal Parameters
Fiber Chemistry Fabric Construction Moisture content Wet Processing History
WeightThicknessPorosity
Dye
Concentration
Fluorescent
Whitening
Agents
UV-absorbers
Textiles as protection from ultraviolet radiation

21. Schematic representation of a textile as a barrier to UV radiation

22. Electrostatic Protection
The term `electrostatic' or `static electricity' refers to
the phenomenon associated with the build up of
electrical charges generated, for example, by contact
and/or rubbing of two objects. Static electricity is
generated by unbalancing the molecular configuration
of relatively non-conductive materials.

23. Gore-tex: Antistatic
Source: AVANTEX 2000

24. StrengthStrength
Para-AramidPara-Aramid
Bullet ProofBullet Proof

25. Meta AramidMeta Aramid
Heat Resistant, Absorbency and FlexibilityHeat Resistant, Absorbency and Flexibility
Fire ProofFire Proof