This document discusses nasal congestion and nasal polyps. It defines nasal congestion as some blockage of the nose or nasal cavity and lists several potential causes including dust, foreign bodies, large adenoids, and infections. It then discusses clinical features such as breathing difficulty, mouth breathing, and dryness. The document also discusses diagnosis methods like health history, physical exam, CT scans, and X-rays. Treatment options mentioned include nasal steroid sprays, antibiotics, antihistamines, functional rhinoplasty, and septoplasty. Nasal polyps are defined as non-cancerous growths on the nasal passages that can cause obstruction, anosmia, headaches, and rhinorrhoea. Diagnosis

1. Mr. Manikandan.T,
RN., RM., M.Sc(N)., D.C.A .,(Ph.D)
Assistant Professor,
Dept. of Medical Surgical Nursing,
VMCON, Puducherry.

2. Definition
• Some blockage of nose or nasal cavity

3. Causes
• DNS
• Foreign bodies
• Large adenoids
• Infection

4. CLINICAL FEATURES
• Breathing difficulty
• Mouth breathing
• dryness of the oral mucosa and associated
• problems including persistent dry, cracked lips.
• Patients with chronic nasal congestion often
suffer from sleep deprivation due to difficulty
maintaining an adequate airway while lying
flat and during sleep

5. DIAGNOSIS
• H.C
• P/E
• CT
• MRI
• X-RAY

6. MANAGEMENT
• Nasal steroid spray
• oral leukotriene inhibitors, such as
montelukast.
• Antibiotics for the treatment of underlying
infection or antihistamines for management of
allergies.
• Functional rhinoplasty - reconstruction and
reshaping of the nose
• Septoplasty

7. NASAL POLYPS
• Passages Soft, painless, non cancerous growth
on the lining of nasal passages or sinuses.
• Out pouching of mucous membrane lining the
nose

8. ETOLIOLGY
• Poor blood supply
• allergy

9. Clinical features
• Nasal obstruction
• Anosomia
• Rhinorrhoea
• Frontal headache
• Mouth breathing

10. Diagnosis
• H.C
• P/E
• Nasal endoscopy
• Nasal smear
• X-ray
• CT

11. MANAGEMENT
• Steroids
• Antihistamine
• Antibiotics
• Polypectomy
• Endoscopy sinus surgery