This document outlines an MRI brain protocol. It begins with an introduction to MRI brain imaging and its advantages over CT, such as lack of radiation exposure and greater soft tissue contrast. Common indications for MRI brain are then listed. The document describes patient preparation, contrast usage, coil positioning, imaging sequences including T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI, and advanced techniques like MRS and fMRI. Specific protocols are provided for conditions like MS, trauma, pituitary imaging, and CSF flow studies.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an imaging technique used primarily in medical settings to produce high quality images of the soft tissues of the human body.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an imaging technique used primarily in medical settings to produce high quality images of the soft tissues of the human body.
Magnetic Resonance Angiography and VenographyAnjan Dangal
Introduction to MR Angiography and Venography Procedure of Brain . Includes Indication, MRI protocol, planning and anatomy as well as brief intoduction to physics behind MRA and MRV principle.
Magnetic Resonance Angiography and VenographyAnjan Dangal
Introduction to MR Angiography and Venography Procedure of Brain . Includes Indication, MRI protocol, planning and anatomy as well as brief intoduction to physics behind MRA and MRV principle.
Anatomy of Brain by MRI
In this presentation we will discuss the cross sectional anatomy of brain. Then we will discuss the Most common diseases to be evaluated by brain imaging.
In my opinion this presentation is a road map for beginars.
Bigdata Machine Learning Group
The 7th Machine Learning Meetup
first session.
Prostate cancer detection : Automated classifier using perfusion parameters versus T2-weighted image
Intracranial bleeding encompasses all bleeds that may occur within the cranial cavity including Epidural, Subdural, Sub arachnoid, intraparenchymal and Intraventricular haemorrhages. all are discussed in these slides and relevant references are provided for detailed information.
It is important to note that medicine is not learnt online but through series of organised events under specialised supervision in recognised institutions of learning.
Brief description of various neuroimaging modalities used in psychiatry which help in early detection, diagnosis and treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders.
In this presentation, i have explained different modalities available for radiological evaluation of cns tumors. How to approach to a radiographic image and how to approach to a patient of cns tumors radiologically.
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
2. INTRODUCTION
• MRI brain is a computer based cross sectional imaging modality which provides both
anatomical and physiological information of brain non invasively, without the use of
ionizing radiation .
• Brain is the most frequently imaged organ by MR imaging.
• Technological developments in computer design and processing speeds as well as
hardware developments have enabled significant growth in MR brain imaging.
3. ADVANTAGES OF MRI OVER CT IN BRAIN
IMAGING
• MRI does not use ionizing radiation, and is thus preferred over CT in children and
patients requiring multiple imaging examinations.
• MRI has a much greater range of available soft tissue contrast and anatomy in
greater detail.
• MRI scanning can be performed in any imaging plane without having to physically
move the patient.
• MRI contrast agents have a considerably smaller risk of causing potentially lethal
allergic reaction.
4. INDICATIONS
• Headache
• Trauma
• Seizure
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
• Infarction
• Hemorrhage
• Hearing Loss
• Visual Disturbances
• Unexplained Neurological Symptoms or deficit
• Mapping of brain function
5. PATIENT PREPARATION
• Before preparation, complete history should be checked. If indication is unclear, the referring
physician should be contacted.
• All metallic objects should be removed from pts body to ensure that artifacts are not created
during scanning.
• Disposable ear plugs should be provided to the patient to devoid the patients from repeated
noises during scanning.
• The patient should be instructed to avoid coughing, or producing other large motion during or
in between the scans.
• Ensure the IV line prior to the precontrast acquistion preferably with 20 or 22 gauge IV
canula.
• Pts who present with claustrophobic features may require sedation with diazepam/
alprazolam/ midazolam.
6. CONTRAST MEDIA
• Gadolinium-based contrast enhancement is useful in brain imaging.
• It is often believed that administration of contrast is indicated for all lesions.
• IV Gadolinium: 0.1-0.2 mmol/kg body weight
• given as a bolus at the rate of 1 ml/sec or
• as a slow infusion at the rate of 1 ml/6 sec.
10. ROUTINE BRAIN PROTOCOL
• Sequences:
• Scout : 3 plane localiser
• T2 FSE in axial plane
• T2 FLAIR in axial plane
• T1 SE in sagittal and coronal plane
• DW EPI based in axial plane
• Post contrast T1 SE in the axial and coronal plane.
11.
12. AXIAL SEQUENCE:
• Plot on sagittal plane,
• Parallel to line joining the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum.
• FOV: 220-240 mm
• Slice thickness : 5-6 mm
• Saturation slab : parallel to slices , inferior to most caudal slice and thickness 50-80
mm
• Matrix: 512 x 512
16. Signal
intensities seen
CSF FAT WHITE
MATTE
R
GREY
MATTE
R
BLEED GD
T1 DARK BRIGH
T
BRIGH
T
DARK BRIGH
T
BRIGH
T
T2 BRIGH
T
DARK DARK BRIGH
T
BRIGH
T
DARK
17. FLAIR
• TR : 10717 ms
• TE : 100 ms
• TI : 2000 ms
• Pathology appears hyperintense due to the optimization
of TI required to null the signal of water.
• Why FLAIR
CSF appears low intensity on FLAIR which has two
advantages:
First, periventricular lesions are better differentiated
from CSF
Second , infectious exudates may replace CSF in the
sulci to appear hyperintense on FLAIR images.
18. SAGITTAL SEQUENCE:
plot on coronal or axial localizer .
Same slice thickness , gap and
saturation slab .
19. • Sagittal images are essential in the evaluation of sellar and
parasellar lesions, posterior fossa lesions, and intraventricular
lesions as well as for evaluation of the vascular anatomy.
22. DIFFUSION WEIGHTED SEQUENCE:
• Mandatory for all pt. of stroke
• DWI in brain tumor : to detect, characterize and to access
chemotherapy response in tumors.
• Regions of high mobility “rapid diffusion” dark
• Regions of low mobility “slow diffusion” bright
23. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS)
• An autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks the CNS (principally
the white matter in the brain and spinal cord ), leading to demyelination.
• Protocol:
• Best with sagittal FLAIR
• Administration of contrast .
• Sequences:
- Routine protocol
- Sagittal FLAIR FSE/TSE
- Axial T1 FS + contrast
- Axial FLAIR + contrast
- Coronal T1 FS + contrast
24. TRAUMA
• Indications:
• For old trauma to the head and brain when CT findings are discrepant.
• Diffuse axonal injury or nonaccidental trauma suspected and posterior fossa lesions
where CT is limited because of beam hardening artifacts.
• Sequences
• Routine protocol
• MPRAGE with sagittal and axial reformats (5 mm).
• Axial GRE
25. TEMPORAL LOBE
• Evaluation of patients with epilepsy, esp seizures which have not responded to
medication.
• Pre op evaluation for planning in cases of partial or full temporal lobectomy,
suspected mesial temporal lobe sclerosis and short term memory loss.
26. • Sequences :-
• Routine protocol ( in sagittal use
MPRAGE isotropic T1)
• Coronal and Axial T1 post contrast
• Axial FLAIR post contrast
• Post contrast T1 sag if any SOL
detected in midline or occipital lobes.
27. PITUITARY FOSSA
• Indications:
• To detect sellar and parasellar lesions.
• Hormonal disturbances(hyperprolactinemia, acromegaly),
• Suspected or known microadenoma or macroadenoma,
• Pituitary apoplexy and sudden visual loss.
• Sequences :
• Routine protocol
• Coronal T1SE through the sella
• Post contrast T1SE with fat sat. in Sagittal and coronal plane
through the sella
• Post contrast T1SE with fat sat in the axial plane through the whole
brain.
28. BRAIN MRI PROTOCOL (PITUITARY)
• Coronal sequence
• Plot on mediosagittal localizer superior
to sella.
• Slice thickness: 2mm
• 2 sat. slab
• Small FOV
29.
30. DYNAMIC STUDY OF SELLA
• Performed to evaluate cavernous sinus invasion by macroadenoma
• Standard pituitary exam should be performed before the dynamic
study.
• FSE T1 coronal series of images is taken with a fast injecion of
half dose contrast.
• The injection is rapidly given at the start of the 2nd measurement.
There is a 10 second pause between the first scan and the start of
continuous string of post contrast measurements to prepare the
injector and give a countdown.
31. CONTINUE
• Five sets of images are obtained at 25 sec interval, with first set before contrast and
the other 4 sets after contrast.
• Main aim is to look for differential contrast enhancement between tumor( slow
enhancement) and gland (fast enhancement).
32. ADVANCEMENT
MRS
• This enables us to obtain in vivo information about the biochemistry and metabolism in
specific locations. As these measurements can be repeated without harm, follow up
studies of cell physiology are possible.
• This can be useful in the evaluation of certain diseases and the effects of therapy.
33. fMRI
• It is a noninvasive MR technique to map or localize brain areas which are
responsible for a particular task.
• It is based on the concept of Blood Oxygen Level Dependent(BOLD).
34. CEREBROSPINAL FLUID FLOW STUDY
• It is performed for assessment of flow in the aqueduct.
• There is continuous to and fro movement of CSF during a cardiac cycle.
• On CSF flow images, CSF in the aqueduct is bright during systole(cranio caudal
flow)and dark during diastole(caudocranial flow)
35. OVERVIEW OF SOME COMMONLY USED MRI
BRAIN SEQUENCES:
T1
• To delineate the anatomy.
T2
• Pathologic evaluation
FLAIR
• Standard sequence for lesion detection, especially in white matter
• Less sensitive in the posterior fossa
• Usually applied in axial and/or coronal imaging planes
• Sagittal FLAIR is indicated in demyelinating disease
36. CONTINUE
FLAIR + Gd
• Indicated for the detection of leptomeningeal disease
PD
• Proton density can be used as an alternative to FLAIR, and is more sensitive for the
detection of posterior fossa lesions
DWI/ADC
• Is mandatory in all patients referred with a suspicion of stroke or cerebrovascular
disease.
• Is also useful in tumor.