This document provides an introduction to microbiology and its importance and relevance to nursing. It discusses how nurses apply microbiology knowledge in healthcare settings for tasks like drug production, diagnosis, and sterilization. Understanding microbiology allows nurses to properly handle infected patients and materials. It also summarizes some key principles of microbiology like biochemistry, molecular biology, and microbial genetics. Additionally, it reviews some historical perspectives, including Koch's phenomenon and postulates for identifying disease causation. Overall, the document emphasizes that microbiology education is important for nurses to understand microbes and control infection in healthcare facilities.

1. UNIT – I
MICROBIOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
By:
MR.OM VERMA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
RELIANCE INSTITUTE OF
NURSING

2. IMPORTANCE & RELEVANCE
TO
NURSING
• Microbiology is a subject which deals with
microbes and their related concepts
• Nurses are involved in controlling infection in
hospital, so nurses must know about
microbiology.
• To know about harmful and harmless
microorganisms to human being.

3. • Nurses apply the microbiology knowledge in
health care for drug production, diagnosis and
sterilization methods and cleanliness.
• Nurses use hot water or anti-septic as a
measure to sterilize the surgical knives, needles,
scissors and other metals instruments
• Microbiology also gives knowledge to nurses
on how to handle a patient and his samples
infected with communicable diseases. to free
from microbes.

4. • It also helps detect diseases like
Tuberculosis by simple skin test namely
the Mantoux test.
• Also diagnostic tests like Elisa,
electrophoreis and radioimmuno assay
also use principles of microbiology for
identification of disease.

5. PRINCIPLES
OF
MICROBIOLOGY

6. BIOCHEMISTRY

7. Biochemistry and the related
field of molecular biology are
important in understanding the
molecular basis of life and its
role in the disease
process. Microbiology is the
study of the smallest living
organisms (micro-organisms or
microbes) and includes viruses,
bacteria, fungi, algae and
protozoa.

8. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

9. Molecular biology is a branch of
biochemistry which concerns
the molecular basis
of biological activity between
biomolecules in the various
systems of a cell, including the
interactions between DNA, RNA,
and proteins and their
biosynthesis, as well as the
regulation of these interactions.

10. MICROBIAL GENETICS

11. Microbial genetics is a subject
area
within microbiology and genetic en
gineering.
Microbial genetics studies
microorganisms for different
purposes. The microorganisms
that are observed are bacteria,
and archaea. Some fungi and
protozoa are also subjects used to
study in this field.

14. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES

18. Koch’s Phenomenon
• Koch observed that guineapigs already
infected with tubercle bacillus responded
with an exaggerated inflammatory
response when injected with the tubercle
bacillus or its protein. This
hypersensitivity reaction is called Koch’s
phenomenon.

19. Koch’s Postulates
• Four criteria that were established by Robert
Koch to identify the causative agent of a
particular disease, these include:
1. The microorganism or other pathogen must be present in all
cases of the disease.
2. The pathogen can be isolated from the diseased host
and grown in pure culture.
3. The pathogen from the pure culture must cause the disease
when inoculated into a healthy, susceptible laboratory animal
4. The pathogen must be reisolated from the new host
and shown to be the same as the originally inoculated
pathogen

21. CONCEPT
OF
MICROBIOLOGY

22. Microbiology helps
a nursing professional to
understand the basic concepts of
reproduction, morphology,
biochemical characteristics and
genetics. Microbiology makes
aware about new diseases and
modern molecular identification
methods.