This document discusses recent advances in microbiology. It notes that new technologies allow for microbiology results to be available much faster, in minutes or hours rather than days. Molecular biological methods can now detect and characterize a wide range of viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa. The four main scientific advances that form the basis of modern microbiology are the invention of the hybridization probe, the discovery of polymerase chain reaction, observing microbial signatures in ribosomal genes, and in proteins. Clinical microbiology laboratories play an important role in patient care by rapidly identifying pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility to guide treatment. Microbiology has various applications including food, medical, industrial, soil, and environmental microbiology.

1. RECENT ADVANCES IN
MICROBIOLOGY
Dr. P. Suganya
Assistant professor
Sri Kaliswari College (Autonomous)
Sivakasi

2. Introduction
 New technologies enable microbiology results to
be available in minutes or hours rather than days
 Immunoassays have benefits of technical
simplicity, rapidity, specificity, and cost
effectiveness but often have poor sensitivity and
low negative predictive value
 An ever increasing range of viruses, bacteria,
fungi, and protozoa can be detected and
characterised by molecular biological methods

3. Modern Microbiology
 Four main scientific advances form the basis
of modern microbiology. These are: (i)
invention of the hybridization probe;
 (ii) discovery of the polymerase chain
reaction;
 (iii) the observation that the microbial species
signature can be read in the ribosomal genes;
and
 (iv) that it can also be read in the proteins

4. Clinical Microbiology
 Clinical microbiology laboratory plays an
important role in patient care by providing the
cause of infection and antimicrobial susceptibility
data to physicians. Rapid diagnosis of pathogens is
important for initiating effective antibiotic
administration and improving the outcomes of
treatment.

5. Application
 Its outstanding applications in the field of
food microbiology, medical microbiology,
industrial microbiology, soil microbiology, water
and wastewater microbiology, microbial
technology (biotechnology), extraction of metals
and environmental microbiology including the
use of microorganisms

6. Covering of Microbiology
 Microbiology is the study of microscopic
organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, archaea,
fungi and protozoa. This discipline includes
fundamental research on the biochemistry,
physiology, cell biology, ecology, evolution and
clinical aspects of microorganisms, including the
host response to these agents.

7.  Before microbiologists can solve the problems
caused by microbes, or exploit their abilities, they
have to find out how microbes work.
They can then use this knowledge to prevent or
treat disease, develop new technologies
and improve our lives in
general. Microbiologists are essential in helping
us to treat diseases

8. Branches of Microbiology
 Bacteriology: the study of bacteria.
 Immunology: the study of the immune system. ...
 Mycology: the study of fungi, such as yeasts and
molds.
 Nematology: the study of nematodes
(roundworms).
 Parasitology: the study of parasites. ...
 Phycology: the study of algae.

9.  Fanny Hesse
 Fanny Hesse, acknowledged as the mother of
microbiology, whose birthday would have been
today, is best known for her work developing agar
for cell culture
MOther of Microbiology