This document discusses Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli (E. coli). It describes E. coli as a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterium that is commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals. The document outlines various biochemical tests used to identify E. coli, including catalase and oxidase tests, growth on selective and differential media, and automated identification systems. It also lists some common clinical specimens where E. coli may be found and diseases it can cause such as urinary tract infections and diarrhea.
Vibrio cholera with other vibrio species are described in thispresentation along with their biochemical properties and laboratory diagnosis, A short slide on halophilic vibrios is also added
General discription about E coli.. Classification scheme of E coli. Pathogenecity of E coli. Pathological characters of E coli. slide contains animations and may not support in mobile.. Use laptop for full view
Vibrio cholera with other vibrio species are described in thispresentation along with their biochemical properties and laboratory diagnosis, A short slide on halophilic vibrios is also added
General discription about E coli.. Classification scheme of E coli. Pathogenecity of E coli. Pathological characters of E coli. slide contains animations and may not support in mobile.. Use laptop for full view
ABSTRACT- Some Lactobacillus species (L. acidophilus, L. casei and L. plantarum) were isolated from locally fermented products (ogi, fura de Nunu and wara) and their effect on microbial infections caused by some pathogenic bacteria (E.coli, K. pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphyloccoccus aureus) isolated from urine and high vaginal swab samples were studied using standard micriobiological methods.Fifiteen (15) healthy guinea pigs used for the study were divided into three (3) groups of five (5) guinea pigs each and placed in three (3) different cages. The pigs were initially fed for two (2) weeks (acclimatization period) with conventional feeds before administering the treatment. Lactobacillus species were introduced into the guinea pigs in cage 2 after the acclimatization period. Subsequently, the guinea pigs in cages 1 and 2 were orally infected with all the clinical bacteria pathogens while the guinea pigs in cage 3 which served as control were left with no microbial treatment. Ten (10) days after treatment, the packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HBC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity level were determined. Striking differences were observed from guinea pigs in the different cages. The effectiveness of Lactobacilli (probiotics) was evident when the guinea pigs in cages 1 and 2 were compared. The guinea pigs in cage 1 which were infected with pathogens but no probiotics had lower blood level (mean PCV= 24.8%) and inferior liver condition (mean ALT=58.18µl; mean AST=51.91µl). Higher blood level (Mean PCV=45%) and superior liver conditions (Mean ALT=9.51µl; mean AST=9.7µl) were obtained for guinea pigs in cage 2 which were infected with the same pathogens and fed with probiotics. The control (cage 3) had the highest PCV level and best liver conditions (mean PCV=46.6%, means ALT= 7.65µl; mean AST=11.83µl).Th .This might be attributed to the fact that they were not infected with pathogenic organisms. Lactobacillus species administered are promising probiotics against the tested bacterial pathogens.
Keywords: Lactobacillus species, Guinea pig, Bacteria pathogen, Enzymes assay, Haematological Parameters, Probiotics
Lecture notes about the general examination of urine (Physical, chemical, and microscopic exam) for the first-year Medical Lab Technology Students.
Technical Institute of Baqubah, Middle Technical University, Baqubah, Iraq
Lecture notes about blood cell count (RBCs, WBCs, PLTs, as well as DLC)
For first-level students, Medical Lab Technology Dept. (Middle Technical University)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), a lecture for medical lab technicians at Baquba Technical Institute, Middle Technical University. All theoretical and practical notes about the test.
Notes about blood hemoglobin estimation, lecture notes to Medical Laboratory Students at Medical Laboratory Technology, Middle Technical University, Baqubah, Iraq
All about blood collection and handling, lecture notes to Medical Laboratory Students at Medical Laboratory Technology, Middle Technical University, Baqubah, Iraq
الفحص المختبري وتفسير النتائج لالتهاب الكبد الفايروسي BHussein Al-tameemi
محاضرة هامة ومبسطة في تشخيص التهاب الكبد الفايروسي نوع ب مختبريا، والتي ينبغي أن تكون محل اهتمام فنيي المختبرات ومصارف الدم العراقية والاطباء والناس عامة.
A lecture for first-year students at Baquba Technical Institute belongs to Middle Technical University. This lecture is a part of the first semester's modules (Medical Laboratory Technology: MLT112).
This lecture included an introduction to medical (or diagnostic) laboratories.
A brief presentation for second-year students in Iraqi Technical Institutes (studying Medical Laboratory Technology). This introduction covers the types of blood samples, how to collect these samples, common sites for collection, and anticoagulants in a test-tubes.
A brief presentation for second-year students in Iraqi Technical Institutes (studying Medical Laboratory Technology). This introduction covers also the teaching laboratories.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Medical Microbiology Laboratory (Enterobacteriaceae - i)
1. Medical Microbiology Laboratory
Gram Negative Bacilli – Enterobacteriaceae
(E. coli)
Hussein A. Abid
Medical Laboratory Scientist
Member at American Society of Microbiology
Chairman of Iraqi Medical Laboratory Association
Teacher at Middle Technical University
2. 2
Enterobacteriaceae
A large Family of aerobic bacterial flora of intestine of
humans and other animals.
Its members are non-spore forming, non-acid-fast,
gram negative bacilli.
Capsule (variable)
Motility (variable)
Aerobic and facultatively anaerobic, grow readily on
ordinary media
Ferment glucose, reduce nitrates to nitrites, catalase
positive but oxidase negative.
3. 3
CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO LACTOSE
FERMENTATION
Lactose Non-fermentativeLactose Fermentative
Salmonella spp.
Shigella spp.
Proteus spp.
Yersinia spp.
E. coli
Klebsiella spp.
Enterobacter spp.
Citrobacter spp.
Culture media used to differentiate lactose fermenter from
lactose non fermenter are:
1. MacConkey’s (Mac) agar medium
2. Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar medium
3. Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar medium
4. Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) agar medium
8. 8
E. coli (culture)
Nutrient agar: colonies are large, thick, greyish white,
moist, smooth, opaque or partially translucent discs.
9. 9
E. coli (culture)
Blood agar: many strains especially pathogenic ones
are hemolytic on blood agar.
10. 10
E. coli (culture)
MacConkey agar medium: colonies are bright pink due
to lactose fermentation, medium sized, 3-6 mm, round,
opaque, elevated with characteristic odor (smell)
