A spreadsheet is a grid of columns and rows used to organize numerical data. It consists of cells formed at the intersection of each column and row. Cells can contain text, numeric constants, or formulas. Formulas begin with an equal sign and perform calculations using data from other cells. Common spreadsheet functions include SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN, and COUNT. Spreadsheets allow users to track budgets, expenses, and savings over time through the use of cells, formulas, and functions.

1. Business Studies Spreadsheets

2. What is a Spreadsheet? A spreadsheet is the computer equivalent of an accounting document . It consists of a grid made from columns and rows. It is an environment that can make working with numbers easy.

3. What makes a Spreadsheet work? Spreadsheets are made up of columns rows and their intersections are called cells In each cell there may be the following types of data text (labels) number data (constants) formulas (mathematical equations that do all the work)

4. Columns In a spreadsheet the COLUMN is defined as the vertical space that is going up and down the window. Letters are used to show each COLUMN'S location. In the above diagram the COLUMN labeled C is highlighted.

5. Rows In a spreadsheet the ROW is defined as the horizontal space that is going across the window. Numbers are used to designate each ROW'S location. In the above diagram the ROW labeled 4 is highlighted.

6. Cell In a spreadsheet the CELL is defined as the space where a specified row and column intersect. Each CELL is assigned a name according to its COLUMN letter and ROW number. In the above diagram the CELL labeled B6 is highlighted. When naming a cell, you should put the column first and the row second.

7. Data In a spreadsheet there are three basic types of data that can be entered. labels - (just some text) constants - (just a number) formulas - (a mathematical equation used to calculate) ALL formulas MUST begin with an equal sign ( = ). Data Type Example Description Label Name, Hours… Just text Constant 1, 7.2, -4.5 Any number Formula =5+3, =8*14.2 Math equation

8. Functions Sum – adds up the numbers in a range of cells or calculates an equation. Average – gives the average amount of a set of numbers Max – returns the largest number in a set of numbers Min – returns the smallest number in a set of numbers Count – returns the number of entries in a set of numbers

9. Equations We can write equations in the cells using the SUM function. =SUM(D21/12) =SUM(D22+D23)

10. Task Create a Spreadsheet in pairs for your monthly incoming and outgoing. Show all your information on a spreadsheet. Include: Pocket money Money from your jobs Comics Food Games Clothes Bills Show on your spreadsheet: Totals per month Saving/ overspend at the end of the month Saving/ overspend at the end of the year