A spreadsheet is a grid of rows and columns used to organize numerical and financial data. It consists of worksheets that contain cells identified by their row and column intersections. Formulas can be entered into cells to perform calculations on the data. Common operations in spreadsheets include inserting additional worksheets, renaming sheets, navigating between cells using arrow keys or the mouse, and entering formulas following the standard order of mathematical operations. Spreadsheets allow users to easily calculate, analyze, and compare large sets of data.

1. CHAPTER 2
SPREADSHEET
A spreadsheet is a configuration of rows and
columns. Rows are vertical vectors and
columns are horizontal vectors. It is also known
as worksheet .It is used to record, calculate and
compare numerical or financial data

2. SPREAD SHEET
Latest version - Microsoft excel 2007
Horizontal tabs –’Ribbon’
A file in excell is known as ‘work book’
A workbook is a collection of a number of
‘worksheets’
Default – three sheets(seet 1, 2,3)
Active workssheet’s name will be shown in
sheet tab in bold letters

3. SPREADSHEET
Additional sheets can be inserted(insert
botton at the bottom)
Sheet rename option is available by right
click
Rows are numbered numerically from top
to bottom(1-256)A-IV
Columns are referred by alpha characters
form left to right(65536 )
Total cells = 256* 65536 = 1,65,00,000

4. SPREAD SHEET
• Intersection of row and column is called
“Cell”
• A cell is identified by a combination of letter
and number corresponding to that cell(cell
address)
• Cell reference –A cell reference identifies the
location of a cell or group of cells in the
spreadsheet also referred as a cell address.

5. SPREADSHEET
Mouse is used for navigation .
Key strokes – Pressing a key is called key
stroke
To fulfill some command for operation
some times we require pressing two keys
together to get one key stroke.

6. SPREADSHEET
MOVEMENT KEY STROKE
ONE CELL DOWN
DOWN ARROW KEY OR ENTER KEY
ONE CELL UP
UP ARROW KEY
ONE CELL LEFT
LEFT ARROW KEY
ONE CELL RIGHT
RIGHT ARROW KEY OR TAB KEY

7. SPREADSHEET
MOVEMENT KEY STROKE
TOP OF WORKSEET(CELL A1) CTRL+HOME
LAST ROW AND COLUMN
CONTAINING DATA
CTRL+END
BEGINNING OF THE ROW HOME KEY

8. SPREADSHEET
• When data is entered in a cell in excel it is
able to make out it’s type(ie, numeric or
alpha numeric or date)
• First decide about what values will be
entered in which cells and the cellls which
will be used for relationships

9. CALCULATING COMPUND INTEREST FOR FD
• Define 6 cells with column headings
TITLE Cell
1 Principal amount ( P A) B2
2 Rate of Interest (R) C2
3 Period in Years(NY) A2
4 Period of
compounding(CP)
D2
5 Compound interest(CI) F2
6. Maturity amount(MA) E2

10. Formula for compund interest and
maturity amount
• MA = PA*(1+R/(100*CP))^(R*CP)
• CI = MA-PA

11. • BASIC TERMINOLOGIES IN SPREAD SHEET
• Labels- a text or a special character will be
treated as labels for rows or columns or
descriptive information. Labels include any
cell contents beginning with A- Z
• Formula-Formula means a mathematical
calculation on a set of cells. Formula must
start with an = sign
• The arithmetic operations and complex
nested conditional (what –if
scenario)operations can be performed by
spreadsheets which follow order of
mathematical(expression)operations rules

12. ORDER OF MATHEMATICAL
OPERATIONS(EXPRESSIONS)
• Computer math uses the rules of algebra
• First operations contained in brackets
• Then exponents
• Division or multiplication operation to be of equal
importance (carried out in the order they occur in
the equation
• Addition and subtraction .They are considered
equal importance(carried out in the order they
occur in the equation

13. Easy way to remember the order of
operations using acronym
GEMS
( ) Grouping
^ Exponents
* Multiplication or:
/ Division
- Subtraction:
+ or Addition

14. Easy way to remember the order of
operations using acronym
PEMDAS(Please Excuse
My Dear Aunt Sally)
( ) Parenthesis
^ Exponents
* Multiplication
/ Division
+ Addition
- Subtraction

15. Easy way to remember the order of
operations using acronym
BEMDAS
( ) Brackets
^ Exponents
* Multiplication
/ Division
+ Addition
- Subtraction