The document presents a comprehensive overview of lyocell fiber, covering its manufacturing process, properties, uses, and recent developments. Lyocell is a biodegradable regenerated cellulose fiber known for its strength, ease of processing, and applications in various textiles. The document also discusses advancements in recycling methods and contrasts lyocell with other fibers, highlighting its environmental benefits and the challenges associated with its fibrillation.

1. A Presentation On
LYOCELL FIBRE
Submitted By Submitted To
Md. Golam Sarwar
Head of Dept. of Textile EngineeringID:120103019
Prf. Dr.Md.Saifur Rahman

2. CONTENTS of
1. Introduction
2. Lyocell manufacturing process
3. Lyocell Properties
4. Uses of Lyocell & cares
5. Recent developments & trends in Lyocell
6. Recycling of cellulose fiber by enzymic process
7. Lyocell merits & demerits
8. Summary

3. Introduction
• Lyocell is a regenerated cellulose fiber made from dissolving
pulp (bleached wood pulp).
• First manufactured in 1987 by Courtaulds Fibres UK
• Brand name Tencel by the Tencel group, now owned by
Lenzing AG
• Lyocell
Lyo from Greek lyein = dissolve,
cell = from cellulose
• Starting Materials for the Lyocell Process
Cellulose – which is obtained from the pulp
NMMO – chemically produced

4. Lyocell manufacturing process
The Lyocell Process in General

5. The Properties
The Properties of Lyocell
Comparisons of lyocell with viscose in both laboratory and test
markets proved that the fibres were sufficiently different to deserve
separate marketing strategies.
Lyocell is:
• stronger than any other cellulosic fibres, especially when wet
• easy to process into yarns and fabrics alone or in blends
• easy to blend (unique fibre presentation)
• easy to spin to fine count yarns
• very stable in washing and drying
• thermally stable
• easy to dye to deep vibrant colours
• capable of taking the latest finishing techniques to give unique drape
• comfortable to wear

6. Uses of Lyocell
Currently lyocell fibres are not widely used in corporate
clothing. As a cellulose based fibre it is able to provide
many of the attributes associated with cotton and is a
strong fibre.
• Mostly as woven fabrics.
• Ideally suited for woven fabrics used in shirting
fabrics,
• lyocell is also available in non-woven fabrics that
would find applications in interfacings in suiting.
• Applications in leisure wear (polo shirts),
• knitwear and shirts

7. Cares:
• Low temperature washing is preferred.
machine washable lyocell can be washed at
low temperature and tumble dried.
• It should be removed from the drier as soon as
it is dry. If ironing is required, use a
moderately warm iron.
• Lyocell has been shown to be as durable as
cotton under industrial laundering conditions
up to 75°C.

8. Recent developments & trends in Lyocell process
Lyocell Fibre
Use of Lyocell as Blend backing
Lyocell as tyre cord
Use of Lyocell as dehumidification sheets
MWNT/Lyocell composit
Composit materials from Lyocell fabric
Lyocell fibre as precurser for carbon fibre
Use of Lyocell as precursor for carbon fibre

9. Recent developments & trends in Lyocell process
Use of Lyocell as dehumidification sheets
•The arrangement protects the dehumidification sheets against delamination of
absorbents from its substrate and still provides excellent moisture absorption,
even upon impregnation of a high amt. of absorbents.
•Moisture absorbent comprises fibrillated Lyocell fiber.
Composit materials from Lyocell fabric
•Lyocell fiber is a new kind of regenerated cellulose fiber and expected to
replace the Rayon fiber to be not only used in the textile field but also used in
the fields of industry and aerospace after being modified.
•In this work, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)/Lyocell composite
fibers were prepd. under different draw ratios by dry-wet spinning and their
elec. properties, mech. properties, and structure were investigated.
•It was found that an appropriate amt. of MWNTs could be dispersed
homogeneously in the Lyocell matrix and could improve the mech. and thermal
properties
9

10. Recent developments & trends in Lyocell process
Use of Lyocell as Blend backing
•A fabric includes a synthetic leather and a substrate
contg. Lyocell.
•The substrate backs and adheres to the synthetic
leather.
•A method for producing a fabric includes providing a
substrate contg. Lyocell and adhering a synthetic
leather to the substrate contg. Lyocell.
•The synthetic leather may be formed of polyurethane
or polyvinyl chloride
10

11. Recent developments & trends in Lyocell process
Lyocell in Nonwovens • Thermal bonding
• Hydroentaglements
• Needle bonding
The key properties of lyocell which make is suitable for
nonwovens are:
• high strength
• biodegrability
• easy processing
• absorbency
• potential to fibrillate
surgical swabs, drapes and gowns
• floppy disc liners
• filtration applications
• semi-disposable workwear
Ultra-fine Fibrillated Lyocell Fiber and Its Application in Battery Separator
• The fibrillation behaviour of Tencel fiber on different condition with refiner is studied
in this paper
•The fibrillated fibers are applied in alkaline Zn/MnO2 battery separator.

12. Recent developments & trends in Lyocell process
Raw Materials
•Bamboo fibre with Lyocell process
Method of recovery of aqueous NMMO oxide solution used in production of lyocell
fibre
After use
•Recycling of Lyocell Fibre by enzymatic
process

13. Dissolution of cellulose with NMMO by
microwave heating
Recent developments & trends in Lyocell process
•Environmentally friendly microwave heating process was applied
to the dissolution of cellulose in Nmethylmorpholine- N-oxide
(NMMO) with 105–490W and 2450 MHz microwave energy until
the dissolution completed
•Microwave heating caused the decrease in the dissolution time
and energy consumption.
Recently, a new lyocell process, the Cocel process was
devised, which has some characteristic features similar to
the Tencel process. The new process dissolves finely
powdered cellulose in molten NMMO hydrate within 5
minutes by means of a pasting stage, which causes much
less decomposition of cellulose.
13

14. Recent developments & trends in Lyocell process
Bamboo fibre with Lyocell process
Bamboo pulp Lyocell process Bamboo fibre
Properties
•Super molecular structure
•Better mechanical properties
Spinning condition played important role in determining structure and properties of
bamboo fibre
As draw ratio increases
Crystallinity increases
Orientation increases
Tensile strength increases
The main advantage of lyocell process is more efficient, more ecofriendly
14

15. Recycling of cellulose fibre by enzymic process
Waste Lyocell fibre
Enzymic
treatment
•Hydrolysis of cellulosic chains
•Shortens cellulosic fibres
•Environmently friendly process
•Optimum enzyme conc.
•Optimum time of treatments
Also used for
cotton and viscose
Aim:- Shortening of cellulose fibres and evaluating of enzymic treatments in different
kinds of cellulose fibres

16. Merits & Demerits
Advantages of Lyocell are:
1) . Lyocell manufacturing process is ecofriendly, NMMNO is
used in manufacture of Lyocell fibre is recycled.
2) Dry and wet tenacity is very good in comparison to Viscose
fibre
3) Soft Hand.
Disadvantages:
1) Fibrillation : which happens due to surface rupturing.

17. Summary
• Lyocell is 100% cellulose and as such it is biodegradable.
• The fibre has also the potential for re-use and remanufacture.
• 100% lyocell there is the possibility of using the fabrics as a
raw material for regenerated cellulose fibre production. When
present in blends, the end of life options are reduced.
• Low fibrillation variants of lyocell may be resistant to the
regeneration processes and therefore may not be suitable
feedstock for these processes.
• These low fibrillation fibres are also considered to be more
resistant to biodegradation.
• Composting, incineration and landfill can all be used as end of
life options.

18. 18