The document provides an overview of OSHA's Lockout/Tagout standard which requires energy control procedures to prevent injury during servicing of machines. It defines lockout and tagout, describes the types of employees involved (authorized to perform lockout/tagout, affected, and other employees), hazardous energy sources, common causes of injuries, and the key elements of an energy control program including procedures, training, inspections. It provides details on lockout/tagout procedures, use of locks and tags, group lockouts, shift changes, removal of locks/tags, and restoring energy to equipment.

1. Compiled By
Vasant Oak
What’s up - 9987592242
LOTO
Training

2. The OSHA Standard for the Control of
Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout)
29 CFR 1910.147
covers the servicing and maintenance of
machines and equipment in which the
unexpected start-up or the release of
stored energy could cause injury to
employees.
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

3. TRAINING MUST :
Be provided for all authorized and affected employees whenever a
change in job assignments or a change in machines, equipment or
processes present a new hazard, or when there is a change in the
energy control procedures;
Be conducted whenever a periodic inspection reveals, or whenever
the employer has reason to believe, that there are deviations from or
inadequacies in the employees knowledge or use of the energy
control procedures; and
Reestablish employee proficiency and introduce new or revised
control methods and procedures, as necessary.
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4. PURPOSE OF TRAINING
This training reviews some of the key elements of lockout/Tagout
that are necessary for all employees to understand whether the
employee is authorized, affected or works in an area where energy
control procedures may be utilized.
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5. TYPES OF EMPLOYEES
Lockout/Tagout involves three types of employees with different
levels of responsibility:
Authorized- Employees who lock out or tag out machines to perform
servicing or maintenance on the machines.
Affected- Employees who operate or use the equipment or machines
which are locked/tagged out when serviced, maintained, or set-up.
Other- Employees whose work operations are or may be in an area
where energy control procedures may be utilized (they are neither
affected nor authorized employees).
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6. LOCKOUT DEFINITION
Lockout is the process of preventing the flow of energy from a
power source to a piece of equipment.
Accomplished when an authorized employee installs a lock, block, or
chain on the machine’s disconnect switch or other electrical control
switch, valve or lever that will keep it in the off position.
Authorized employees are the only employees who can apply/remove
lock.
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7. TAG OUT DEFINITION
Tagout is the process of placing a tag on the power source.
Tag acts as a warning not to restore energy-it is not a physical restraint.
Tag must clearly state “Do Not Operate”
Tag should only be used when the machine won’t accept a lock.
Tag must be applied/removed by an authorized employee.
If a tag is used on an energy isolating device that is capable of being
locked out, the tag must be attached at the same location that the lock
would have been attached.
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8. HAZARDOUS ENERGY SOURCES
Electrical
Mechanical
Pneumatic (involving gases, especially air)
Hydraulic (involving fluids)
Chemical
Thermal
Water under pressure (steam)
Gravity
Potential energy (stored energy)
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9. Failure to stop equipment.
Failure to disconnect from power source.
Failure to dissipate residual energy.
Accidental restarting of equipment.
Failure to clear work areas before starting.
THE FATAL FIVE
MAIN CAUSES OF LOTO INJURIES

10. ENERGY CONTROL PROGRAM
Is required by OSHA for controlling hazardous energy.
Energy Control Program consists of:
Energy control procedures
Employee training
Periodic inspections
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11. ENERGY CONTROL PROGRAM
An energy control procedure includes the following:
Intended use of the procedure;
Specific steps for shutting down, isolating, blocking, and securing machines or
equipment to control hazardous energy;
Specific steps for the placement, removal, and transfer of lockout or Tagout
devices, as well as the responsibility for them;
Specific requirements for testing a machine or equipment to determine and
verify the effectiveness of lockout devices, Tagout devices, and other energy
control measures.
It is important to understand that each type of machine or equipment needs its
own lockout/Tagout procedure.
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12. WORK ACTIVITIES THAT WOULD BE CONSIDERED SERVICING OR
MAINTAINING EQUIPMENT:
Constructing
Installing
Setting Up
Adjusting
Inspecting
Modifying
Repairing
Cleaning Equipment
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13. Lockout / Tagout
Refers to shutting off dangerous
equipment that may be:
• Emitting hazardous energy levels
• Requiring maintenance before using
• Is unsafe until it has been serviced
(LOTO)

14. In order to protect employees from injury, OHSA has
outlined the proper safety guidelines for LOTO procedures
to ensure safe & proper lockout Tagout practice within your
facility.
and LOTO

15. The following 8 Tips will help make the
job easier when you need to enforce
LOTO.
8 Tips To LOTO Success

16. 1. Notify Employees of Needed Servicing
All employees are notified of a machine or
system under LOTO.
They must understand that it may not be
operated or turned on until it has been serviced
and fully restored.

17. Authorized service person identifies possible
energy hazard type.
A containment plan is then developed for
that particular type and possible magnitude
of energy hazard.
2. Servicing Employee Identifies Energy Type

18. If the equipment is still running, the service
person must determine the best possible way
to bring it to a safe and orderly stop.
3. Disable the Equipment

19. When the equipment has been shut-off in
LOTO, it must be isolated and separated from
its energy source, to avoid accidental
restarting before servicing is finalized.
4. Deactivate and Isolate

20. The equipment should then be placed on
LOTO using the proper tags and locks
indicating that the equipment is not
functional and should not be put into use.
5. Lockout the Equipment with Tags

21. Any stored residual energy must be relieved
or dissipated to ensure that any sort of built
up energy within the equipment is restrained.
6. Dissipate Stored Residual Energy

22. The unintended release of stored energy could
severely injure employees and needs to be
treated as a serious step within the LOTO
procedure.
6. Dissipate Energy... (cont.)

23. Stored energy may include energy in springs,
capacitors, hydraulic systems, flywheels and
even be in the form of air, gas, water
pressure, or steam.
6. Dissipate Energy... (cont.)

24. Common methods used to release stored
energy include blocking, repositioning,
bleeding down, and grounding among other
appropriate methods.
6. Dissipate Energy... (cont.)

25. The equipment must be verified for full
disconnection.
Before verifying disconnection, the area should
be clear of employees and the equipment must
be in isolation.
7. Verify Disconnection from Energy

26. The authorized employee should verify that the
LOTO equipment has indeed been
disconnected, by attempting to turn on the
equipment.
7. Verify Disconnection... (cont.)

27. If the equipment does not power on, it is
properly prepared for service.
Return equipment back to “off” position after
verifying that there is no power.
7. Verify Disconnection... (cont.)

28. Once all the above steps have been taken, the
equipment in need of repair is deemed on full
LOTO and is ready to be serviced.
Remember to employ good PPE practices.
8. Lockout Accomplished

29. Employer must provide each authorized employee with his or her
own lock out/tag out devices.
The use of someone else’s lockout device is prohibited.
Device must be used to control energy only.
Devices could be:
1. Locks , 2. Tags , 3. Chains , 4. Metal Roaps
5. Wedges , 6. Key blocks , 7. Adapter pins ,
8. Self-locking fasteners
LOCKOUT DEVICES
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30. LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
TYPES OF DEVICES

31. Devices must have the following qualities:
Be durable, which means they must be capable of withstanding
weather conditions, corrosive environments, etc. for the maximum
period of time that exposure is expected.
Be standardized within the facility in color, shape or size.
Be substantial enough to prevent removal without the use of
excessive force or unusual techniques, such as the use of bolt
cutters or other metal cutting tools.
LOCKOUT DEVICES
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32. Tags must have the following qualities:
Be durable in construction and printed so that exposure to weather
conditions or corrosive environments will not cause them to
deteriorate.
Be standardized within the facility both in print and format.
Be substantial enough in design and attachment to prevent
inadvertent or accidental removal.
Be one-piece, all environment tolerant nylon cable tie.
Include warning statements such as Do Not Start, Do Not Open,
Do Not Close, Do Not Energize or Do Not Operate.
TAGS
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33. Each authorized employee must affix a personal lockout or tag out
device when he or she begins work.
Each authorized employee must remove the device when he or she
stops work on the machine.
GROUP LOCKOUTS
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34. Lockout/Tagout protection must be continuous.
Lockout/Tagout protection must have an orderly transfer
between employees.
This means that the first employee’s lock remains in place until
the next shift’s employee applies his or her lock.
SHIFT CHANGES
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35. Lockout or Tagout device must be removed by the authorized
employee who applied it.
Device may be removed under direction of employer if authorized
employee is unavailable.
Steps employers must take before removing a lock or tag:
Verify the authorized employee who applied lock is not at the facility.
Take all reasonable efforts to contact the authorized employee.
DEVICE REMOVAL
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36. The work area must be inspected to ensure that items, such as tools
are removed from around the equipment and that all parts of the
equipment are replaced including guards and safety devices.
All employees have been removed or safely positioned from the area.
Affected employees are notified that the lockout or Tagout devices
have been removed.
****Affected employees must not attempt to restart or reenergize
machines or equipment that are locked/tagged out.****
RESTORING ENERGY
36

37. THANKS FOR YOUR KIND
ATTENTION
VASANT OAK
DGM – EHSS
What’s up - 9987592242