Huygen's principle states that every point on a wavefront can be considered a secondary source of waves, and the combination of these secondary waves determines the propagation and shape of subsequent wavefronts. Diffraction is the bending of light or other waves around obstacles and through slits, causing the waves to spread out and form interference patterns of light and dark bands. Specifically, AM radio waves diffract more than FM radio waves, allowing AM signals to travel farther.