This document summarizes significant hematologic lab tests used in dentistry, including complete blood count (CBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and tests of haemostasis. It describes normal ranges and implications of abnormalities for various components of CBC, such as increased or decreased red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and differentials. Examples are given of hematologic conditions that can cause oral manifestations and bleeding risks, along with dental treatment precautions. Case studies demonstrate using lab results to diagnose anemias, bleeding disorders, infections, and leukemia.