Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), also known as small for gestational age (SGA), refers to a fetus whose weight is below the 10th percentile for gestational age. It can be caused by placental insufficiency, genetic factors, maternal medical conditions, infections, or other uteroplacental problems. Diagnosis involves serial ultrasounds to measure fetal growth curves, biophysical profile, and Doppler studies of umbilical and uterine blood flow. Management may include bed rest, corticosteroids to promote lung maturity, c-section delivery, and neonatal intensive care. Complications can include fetal distress, low birth weight, and long term issues with growth, development and learning.