This document discusses using artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms to optimize virtual machine migration for energy efficiency in cloud computing. Virtual machine migration allows live movement of virtual machines between physical machines for load balancing and maintenance. The proposed approach uses an artificial neural network for virtual machine classification and a genetic algorithm for optimization to reduce energy consumption and service level agreement violations during migration. The goal is to develop an energy-aware virtual machine migration method for cloud computing data centers.
Virtual Machine Migration and Allocation in Cloud Computing: A Reviewijtsrd
Cloud computing is an emerging computing technology that maintains computational resources on large data centers and accessed through internet, rather than on local computers. VM migration provides the capability to balance the load, system maintenance, etc. Virtualization technology gives power to cloud computing. The virtual machine migration techniques can be divided into two categories that is pre copy and post copy approach. The process to move running applications or VMs from one physical machine to another is known as VM migration. In migration process the processor state, storage, memory and network connection are moved from one host to another.. Two important performance metrics are downtime and total migration time that the users care about most, because these metrics deals with service degradation and the time during which the service is unavailable. This paper focus on the analysis of live VM migration Techniques in cloud computing. Khushbu Singh Chandel | Dr. Avinash Sharma "Virtual Machine Migration and Allocation in Cloud Computing: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29556.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/29556/virtual-machine-migration-and-allocation-in-cloud-computing-a-review/khushbu-singh-chandel
This document discusses resource provisioning for video on demand (VoD) services in cloud computing. It proposes a cloud-based solution to remotely access video camera feeds on demand using cloud architecture. The key points are:
1) A cloud controller is used to handle multiple client requests for live video feeds and schedule VM resources using load balancing algorithms.
2) The system architecture includes a node controller that controls the camera. Users request video through the cloud controller which streams live feeds from virtual servers in the cloud infrastructure.
3) The performance of the system is evaluated using the CloudSim simulator, which models cloud resources and scheduling policies. Results show the average waiting time, delay, server time and number of requests in
Resumption of virtual machines after adaptive deduplication of virtual machin...IJECEIAES
In cloud computing, load balancing, energy utilization are the critical problems solved by virtual machine (VM) migration. Live migration is the live movement of VMs from an overloaded/underloaded physical machine to a suitable one. During this process, transferring large disk image files take more time, hence more migration and down time. In the proposed adaptive deduplication, based on the image file size, the file undergoes both fixed, variable length deduplication processes. The significance of this paper is resumption of VMs with reunited deduplicated disk image files. The performance measured by calculating the percentage reduction of VM image size after deduplication, the time taken to migrate the deduplicated file and the time taken for each VM to resume after the migration. The results show that 83%, 89.76% reduction overall image size and migration time respectively. For a deduplication ratio of 92%, it takes an overall time of 3.52 minutes, 7% reduction in resumption time, compared with the time taken for the total QCOW2 files with original size. For VMDK files the resumption time reduced by a maximum 17% (7.63 mins) compared with that of for original files.
This document provides an overview of load balancing techniques in cloud computing. It discusses how load balancing aims to efficiently distribute workload across nodes to maximize resource utilization and minimize response time. The document categorizes load balancing algorithms as either static or dynamic. It further classifies dynamic algorithms as centralized, distributed, cooperative or non-cooperative. Several common load balancing algorithms for cloud computing are then described, including Round Robin, Throttled Load Balancing, Modified Throttled, Min-Min Scheduling, and Load Balance Min-Min.
An Enhanced Throttled Load Balancing Approach for Cloud EnvironmentIRJET Journal
The document proposes an enhanced throttled load balancing approach for cloud environments. It discusses existing load balancing techniques like round robin, weighted round robin, and throttled approaches. It identifies that existing throttled approaches can lead to overloading as they do not consider task size when assigning tasks to virtual machines. The proposed approach aims to improve performance for cloud users by enhancing the basic throttled mapping approach to better distribute tasks among resources. The approach is evaluated using the CloudAnalyst simulator and results show it performs better than original techniques.
Resource Allocation using Virtual Machine Migration: A Surveyidescitation
As virtualization is proving to be dominant in
enterprise and organizational networks there is a need for
operators and administrators to pay more attention to live
migration of virtual machines (VMs) with the main objective
of workload balancing, monitoring, fault management, low-
level system maintenance and good performance with minimal
service downtimes. It is also a crucial aspect of cloud computing
that offers strategies to implement the dynamic allocation of
resources. Virtualization also enables virtual machine
migration to eliminate hotspots in data centers .However the
security associated with VMs live migration has not received
thorough analysis. Further, the negative impact on service
levels of running applications is likely to occur during the
live VM migration hence a better understanding of its
implications on the system performance is highly required.
In this survey we explore the security issues involved in live
migration of VMs and demonstrate the importance of security
during the migration process. A model which demonstrates
the cost incurred in reconfiguring a cloud-based environment
in response to the workload variations is studied. It is also
proved that migration cost is acceptable but should not be
neglected, particularly in systems where service availability
and response times are imposed by stringent Service Level
Agreements (SLAs). A system that provides automation of
monitoring and detection of hotspots and determination of
the new mapping of physical to virtual resources and finally
initiates the required migrations based on its observations is
also studied. These are experimented using Xen Virtual
Machine Manager. Migration based resource Managers for
virtualized environments are presented by comparing and
discussing several types of underlying algorithms from
algorithmistic issues point of view.
IRJET- Load Balancing and Crash Management in IoT EnvironmentIRJET Journal
This document proposes a system to provide load balancing and crash management in an Internet of Things (IoT) environment. It introduces an Application Delivery Controller (ADC) that sits between devices and data centers. The ADC monitors the load and availability of data centers using a performance counter algorithm. It routes traffic to less busy data centers using the MQTT protocol if load increases or a data center crashes. This provides uninterrupted connectivity and prevents the whole system from going down during network failures or crashes. The system was implemented with clients that can request services or publish information to servers, which acknowledge tasks using a unique machine ID for future connections.
This document discusses power-aware computing in cloud environments. It identifies high power consumption as a major challenge for data centers and explores several techniques to reduce it, including: virtualization to consolidate servers; migration of virtual machines between servers; and algorithms like bin packing and dynamic voltage scaling to optimize resource allocation. The key idea is to improve energy efficiency by running fewer physical servers and dynamically powering down unused servers through server consolidation using virtualization and live migration of virtual machines. This allows jobs to be allocated to servers that consume less power, reducing overall data center power usage and costs.
Virtual Machine Migration and Allocation in Cloud Computing: A Reviewijtsrd
Cloud computing is an emerging computing technology that maintains computational resources on large data centers and accessed through internet, rather than on local computers. VM migration provides the capability to balance the load, system maintenance, etc. Virtualization technology gives power to cloud computing. The virtual machine migration techniques can be divided into two categories that is pre copy and post copy approach. The process to move running applications or VMs from one physical machine to another is known as VM migration. In migration process the processor state, storage, memory and network connection are moved from one host to another.. Two important performance metrics are downtime and total migration time that the users care about most, because these metrics deals with service degradation and the time during which the service is unavailable. This paper focus on the analysis of live VM migration Techniques in cloud computing. Khushbu Singh Chandel | Dr. Avinash Sharma "Virtual Machine Migration and Allocation in Cloud Computing: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29556.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/29556/virtual-machine-migration-and-allocation-in-cloud-computing-a-review/khushbu-singh-chandel
This document discusses resource provisioning for video on demand (VoD) services in cloud computing. It proposes a cloud-based solution to remotely access video camera feeds on demand using cloud architecture. The key points are:
1) A cloud controller is used to handle multiple client requests for live video feeds and schedule VM resources using load balancing algorithms.
2) The system architecture includes a node controller that controls the camera. Users request video through the cloud controller which streams live feeds from virtual servers in the cloud infrastructure.
3) The performance of the system is evaluated using the CloudSim simulator, which models cloud resources and scheduling policies. Results show the average waiting time, delay, server time and number of requests in
Resumption of virtual machines after adaptive deduplication of virtual machin...IJECEIAES
In cloud computing, load balancing, energy utilization are the critical problems solved by virtual machine (VM) migration. Live migration is the live movement of VMs from an overloaded/underloaded physical machine to a suitable one. During this process, transferring large disk image files take more time, hence more migration and down time. In the proposed adaptive deduplication, based on the image file size, the file undergoes both fixed, variable length deduplication processes. The significance of this paper is resumption of VMs with reunited deduplicated disk image files. The performance measured by calculating the percentage reduction of VM image size after deduplication, the time taken to migrate the deduplicated file and the time taken for each VM to resume after the migration. The results show that 83%, 89.76% reduction overall image size and migration time respectively. For a deduplication ratio of 92%, it takes an overall time of 3.52 minutes, 7% reduction in resumption time, compared with the time taken for the total QCOW2 files with original size. For VMDK files the resumption time reduced by a maximum 17% (7.63 mins) compared with that of for original files.
This document provides an overview of load balancing techniques in cloud computing. It discusses how load balancing aims to efficiently distribute workload across nodes to maximize resource utilization and minimize response time. The document categorizes load balancing algorithms as either static or dynamic. It further classifies dynamic algorithms as centralized, distributed, cooperative or non-cooperative. Several common load balancing algorithms for cloud computing are then described, including Round Robin, Throttled Load Balancing, Modified Throttled, Min-Min Scheduling, and Load Balance Min-Min.
An Enhanced Throttled Load Balancing Approach for Cloud EnvironmentIRJET Journal
The document proposes an enhanced throttled load balancing approach for cloud environments. It discusses existing load balancing techniques like round robin, weighted round robin, and throttled approaches. It identifies that existing throttled approaches can lead to overloading as they do not consider task size when assigning tasks to virtual machines. The proposed approach aims to improve performance for cloud users by enhancing the basic throttled mapping approach to better distribute tasks among resources. The approach is evaluated using the CloudAnalyst simulator and results show it performs better than original techniques.
Resource Allocation using Virtual Machine Migration: A Surveyidescitation
As virtualization is proving to be dominant in
enterprise and organizational networks there is a need for
operators and administrators to pay more attention to live
migration of virtual machines (VMs) with the main objective
of workload balancing, monitoring, fault management, low-
level system maintenance and good performance with minimal
service downtimes. It is also a crucial aspect of cloud computing
that offers strategies to implement the dynamic allocation of
resources. Virtualization also enables virtual machine
migration to eliminate hotspots in data centers .However the
security associated with VMs live migration has not received
thorough analysis. Further, the negative impact on service
levels of running applications is likely to occur during the
live VM migration hence a better understanding of its
implications on the system performance is highly required.
In this survey we explore the security issues involved in live
migration of VMs and demonstrate the importance of security
during the migration process. A model which demonstrates
the cost incurred in reconfiguring a cloud-based environment
in response to the workload variations is studied. It is also
proved that migration cost is acceptable but should not be
neglected, particularly in systems where service availability
and response times are imposed by stringent Service Level
Agreements (SLAs). A system that provides automation of
monitoring and detection of hotspots and determination of
the new mapping of physical to virtual resources and finally
initiates the required migrations based on its observations is
also studied. These are experimented using Xen Virtual
Machine Manager. Migration based resource Managers for
virtualized environments are presented by comparing and
discussing several types of underlying algorithms from
algorithmistic issues point of view.
IRJET- Load Balancing and Crash Management in IoT EnvironmentIRJET Journal
This document proposes a system to provide load balancing and crash management in an Internet of Things (IoT) environment. It introduces an Application Delivery Controller (ADC) that sits between devices and data centers. The ADC monitors the load and availability of data centers using a performance counter algorithm. It routes traffic to less busy data centers using the MQTT protocol if load increases or a data center crashes. This provides uninterrupted connectivity and prevents the whole system from going down during network failures or crashes. The system was implemented with clients that can request services or publish information to servers, which acknowledge tasks using a unique machine ID for future connections.
This document discusses power-aware computing in cloud environments. It identifies high power consumption as a major challenge for data centers and explores several techniques to reduce it, including: virtualization to consolidate servers; migration of virtual machines between servers; and algorithms like bin packing and dynamic voltage scaling to optimize resource allocation. The key idea is to improve energy efficiency by running fewer physical servers and dynamically powering down unused servers through server consolidation using virtualization and live migration of virtual machines. This allows jobs to be allocated to servers that consume less power, reducing overall data center power usage and costs.
IRJET- An Adaptive Scheduling based VM with Random Key Authentication on Clou...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on an adaptive scheduling-based virtual machine (VM) approach with random key authentication for cloud data access. The paper proposes allocating VMs to servers in a way that flexibly utilizes cloud resources while guaranteeing job deadlines. It employs time sliding and bandwidth scaling in resource allocation to better match resources to job requirements and cloud availability. Simulations showed the approach can accept more jobs than existing solutions while increasing provider revenue and lowering tenant costs. The paper also discusses generating random keys for user authentication and reviewing related work on scheduling methods and cloud resource provisioning.
This document discusses how virtualization and cloud computing can improve disaster recovery management. It begins by describing traditional disaster recovery approaches like dedicated and shared models that require tradeoffs between cost and speed of recovery. It then explains how cloud computing provides virtualized disaster recovery mechanisms that can offer lower costs, faster recovery times through replication of virtual servers, and improved scalability and flexibility. The document concludes that cloud computing is well-suited for disaster recovery as it allows organizations to scale resources as needed and achieve more reliable continuity of operations at lower costs than traditional approaches.
Dynamic Cloud Partitioning and Load Balancing in Cloud Shyam Hajare
Cloud computing is the emerging and transformational paradigm in the field of information technology. It mostly focuses in providing various services on demand and resource allocation and secure data storage are some of them. To store huge amount of data and accessing data from such metadata is new challenge. Distributing and balancing of the load over a cloud using cloud partitioning can ease the situation. Implementing load balancing by considering static as well as dynamic parameters can improve the performance cloud service provider and can improve the user satisfaction. Implementation the model can provide dynamic way of resource selection de-pending upon different situation of cloud environment at the time of accessing cloud provisions based on cloud partitioning. This model can provide effective load balancing algorithm over the cloud environment, better refresh time methods and better load status evaluation methods.
A Dynamically-adaptive Resource Aware Load Balancing Scheme for VM migrations...IOSR Journals
This document proposes a dynamically adaptive resource aware load balancing scheme for virtual machine (VM) migrations in datacenters. It begins with an introduction to virtualization and the increasing demand for flexible resource management in datacenters. It then discusses VM architecture, types of VM migrations including pre-copy and post-copy, and challenges with VM migrations such as latency, network bandwidth usage, and load balancing. The document proposes an algorithm for efficient VM migrations that is aware of resource availability and adapts to dynamic load balancing needs. The algorithm uses thresholds to identify overloaded and underloaded physical machines and selects the most overloaded VM to migrate to the most underloaded physical machine if resource requirements are met.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) is a leading international journal for publication of new ideas, the state of the art research results and fundamental advances in all aspects of Engineering and Science. IRJES is a open access, peer reviewed international journal with a primary objective to provide the academic community and industry for the submission of half of original research and applications
This document presents a master's thesis project that proposes algorithms for energy-efficient and traffic-aware virtual machine management in cloud computing. It introduces dynamic virtual machine consolidation as a way to reduce power consumption in data centers by migrating VMs between hosts. The author develops new algorithms that improve upon existing approaches by considering both CPU utilization and communication traffic between VMs when consolidating and placing VMs on hosts. The algorithms aim to increase energy efficiency while also reducing communication latency. The performance of the new algorithms is evaluated and shown to significantly reduce energy consumption, VM migrations, and SLA violations compared to existing approaches.
AUTO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT TO ENHANCE RELIABILITY AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN HET...IJCNCJournal
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications that proposes an Auto Resource Management (ARM) scheme to improve reliability and reduce energy consumption in heterogeneous cloud computing environments. The ARM scheme includes three components: 1) static and dynamic thresholds to detect host over/underutilization, 2) a virtual machine selection policy, and 3) a method to select placement hosts for migrated VMs. It also proposes a Short Prediction Resource Utilization method to improve decision making by considering predicted future utilization along with current utilization. The scheme is tested on a cloud simulator using real workload trace data, and results show it can enhance decision making, reduce energy consumption and SLA violations.
Performance Analysis of Server Consolidation Algorithms in Virtualized Cloud...Susheel Thakur
This document discusses server consolidation algorithms for virtualized cloud environments. It begins with an introduction to cloud computing and virtualization. It then reviews several existing server consolidation algorithms from literature, including Sandpiper, Khanna's algorithm, and Entropy. Sandpiper aims to mitigate hotspots by migrating virtual machines between physical machines. Khanna's algorithm aims for server consolidation by packing virtual machines to minimize the number of physical machines needed. Entropy aims to minimize the number of migrations required during consolidation. The document evaluates the performance of these algorithms in a virtualized cloud test environment.
This document summarizes a student report on optimizing virtual machine placement across geo-distributed data centers to minimize costs. It proposes using an optimization model to determine the optimal spare capacity allocation across data centers while considering electricity costs, demand variability, and other factors. It also describes using a heuristic algorithm to place VMs on physical machines across data centers in a way that minimizes operating costs like electricity and communication costs.
Enhancing minimal virtual machine migration in cloud environmenteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
SERVER COSOLIDATION ALGORITHMS FOR CLOUD COMPUTING: A REVIEWSusheel Thakur
This document summarizes a research paper on server consolidation algorithms for cloud computing environments. It discusses how server consolidation aims to reduce the number of underutilized servers through virtual machine migration and load balancing techniques. It reviews different server consolidation algorithms like Sandpiper that automate monitoring for hotspots, resizing or migrating virtual machines to improve resource utilization and energy efficiency. The document provides background on server consolidation and virtualization concepts and categorizes consolidation approaches before analyzing the Sandpiper algorithm in more detail.
Load Balancing in Cloud Computing Environment: A Comparative Study of Service...Eswar Publications
Load balancing is a computer networking method to distribute workload across multiple computers or a computer cluster, network links, central processing units, disk drives, or other resources, to achieve optimal resource utilization, maximize throughput, minimize response time, and avoid overload. Using multiple components with load balancing, instead of a single component, may increase reliability through redundancy. The
load balancing service is usually provided by dedicated software or hardware, such as a multilayer switch or a Domain Name System server. In this paper, the existing static algorithms used for simple cloud load balancing have been identified and also a hybrid algorithm for developments in the future is suggested.
APPLICATION OF AUTONOMIC COMPUTING PRINCIPLES IN VIRTUALIZED ENVIRONMENTcscpconf
The infrastructure of IT-sector is heterogeneous and complex. It is difficult for a system
administrator to manage these complex systems. This led to complex, unmanageable and
insecure systems. A new approach to solve this problem is the IT infrastructure automation.
Autonomic computing is the solution to manage complex infrastructure which provides "must
have" solutions for the problems above. The increased resource utilization in IT made the
enterprises to use the costly physical servers. These physical servers were under-utilized.
Virtualization is a technology with efficient and better utilization of resources. Virtualization and
autonomic computing are of major importance for the IT-sector and could be successfully
combined to reach the ideals of the autonomic computing. This paper addresses the design issues in automating live migration of virtual machines in virtualized environment using autonomic computing.
Virtual machine placement in a virtualized cloudiaemedu
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an efficient virtual machine placement algorithm to minimize server utilization and virtual machine migrations in cloud data centers. The algorithm is based on bin packing principles but also considers virtual machine size, network bandwidth, and individual virtual machine completion times. The authors model the virtual machine placement problem as a bin packing problem and modify existing bin packing heuristics. They conduct experiments to analyze the performance of their algorithm and show it can minimize the number of migrations needed while reducing downtime during migrations.
The document discusses four key challenges for implementing embedded cloud computing:
1. Configuring systems for data timeliness and reliability across multiple data streams and applications.
2. Configuring ad-hoc datacenters for remote operations in a timely manner based on available cloud resources.
3. Ensuring configuration accuracy so data timeliness and reliability are optimized for the given computing resources.
4. Reducing development complexity to allow systems to readily configure and operate across different cloud environments and applications.
Hybrid Scheduling Algorithm for Efficient Load Balancing In Cloud ComputingEswar Publications
This document presents a hybrid scheduling algorithm for efficient load balancing in cloud computing. The algorithm uses both round robin and priority-based scheduling approaches. It first assigns priorities to incoming job requests and then executes them in a round robin fashion. The algorithm aims to minimize overall response time and data center processing time. It is evaluated through simulation and found to perform better than round robin, priority-based, and equally spread current execution algorithms alone in terms of optimized response time and data center service time.
IRJET- Dynamic Resource Allocation of Heterogeneous Workload in CloudIRJET Journal
This document discusses dynamic resource allocation of heterogeneous workloads in cloud computing. It proposes a new approach called SAMR that aims to minimize resource allocation delay and reduce energy waste. SAMR uses a Markov chain model to predict workloads and determine the optimal number of active physical machines. It then allocates virtual machines to machines using its scheduling algorithm. The goal is to balance minimizing user delay through fast allocation while avoiding underutilization of resources that wastes energy. The existing approaches have drawbacks like high computational cost for algorithms like Viterbi used in hidden Markov models. SAMR aims to improve on this with its predictions of workloads and dynamic provisioning approach.
Classification of Virtualization Environment for Cloud ComputingSouvik Pal
Cloud Computing is a relatively new field gaining more popularity day by day for ramified applications among the Internet users.
Virtualization plays a significant role for managing and coordinating the access from the resource pool to multiple virtual machines on
which multiple heterogeneous applications are running. Various virtualization methodologies are of significant importance because it
helps to overcome the complex workloads, frequent application patching and updating, and multiple software architecture. Although
a lot of research and study has been conducted on virtualization, a range of issues involved have mostly been presented in isolation
of each other. Therefore, we have made an attempt to present a comprehensive survey study of different aspects of virtualization. We
present our classification of virtualization methodologies and their brief explanation, based on their working principle and underlying
features.
Adaptive Offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing by automatic partitioning approach of tasks is the idea to augment execution through migrating heavy computation from mobile devices to resourceful cloud servers and then receive the results from them via wireless networks. Offloading is an effective way to
overcome the resources and functionalities constraints
of the mobile devices since it can release them from
intensive processing and increase performance of the
mobile applications, in terms of response time.
Offloading brings many potential benefits, such as
energy saving, performance improvement, reliability
improvement, ease for the software developers and
better exploitation of contextual information.
Parameters about method transitions, response times,
cost and energy consumptions are dynamically reestimated
at runtime during application executions.
AUTOMATED VM MIGRATION USING INTELLIGENT LEARNING TECHNIQUEIRJET Journal
This document discusses an approach for automated virtual machine (VM) migration using intelligent learning techniques like fuzzy logic. The goal is to develop a load balancing as a service (LBaaS) software that provides optimal quality of service (QoS). Fuzzy logic is used to decide whether to migrate live VMs or newly requested VMs based on the current state of the VM hosting servers. The live migration technique is employed to balance server loads and ensure uninterrupted service during VM migration with minimal downtime. Two VM hosting servers are set up and connected via a network to act as a cluster. VM requests and resource usage data are sent to the fuzzy logic system which then determines the best placement or migration of VMs based on predefined
IRJET- A Literature Survey on Scaling Approaches for VNF in NFV MonitoringIRJET Journal
This document provides a literature survey of scaling approaches used for monitoring virtual network functions (VNFs) deployed on cloud infrastructure. It discusses challenges in scaling VNFs, such as reliability, turnaround time, stability, and optimal resource utilization. It then summarizes various scaling approaches in the literature, including static threshold-based reactive approaches, dynamic threshold-based adaptive approaches, and time series analysis predictive approaches using machine learning. The document proposes a novel hybrid approach that combines adaptive and machine learning techniques, using feedback to improve predictive accuracy of scaling decisions for VNF monitoring.
IRJET- An Adaptive Scheduling based VM with Random Key Authentication on Clou...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on an adaptive scheduling-based virtual machine (VM) approach with random key authentication for cloud data access. The paper proposes allocating VMs to servers in a way that flexibly utilizes cloud resources while guaranteeing job deadlines. It employs time sliding and bandwidth scaling in resource allocation to better match resources to job requirements and cloud availability. Simulations showed the approach can accept more jobs than existing solutions while increasing provider revenue and lowering tenant costs. The paper also discusses generating random keys for user authentication and reviewing related work on scheduling methods and cloud resource provisioning.
This document discusses how virtualization and cloud computing can improve disaster recovery management. It begins by describing traditional disaster recovery approaches like dedicated and shared models that require tradeoffs between cost and speed of recovery. It then explains how cloud computing provides virtualized disaster recovery mechanisms that can offer lower costs, faster recovery times through replication of virtual servers, and improved scalability and flexibility. The document concludes that cloud computing is well-suited for disaster recovery as it allows organizations to scale resources as needed and achieve more reliable continuity of operations at lower costs than traditional approaches.
Dynamic Cloud Partitioning and Load Balancing in Cloud Shyam Hajare
Cloud computing is the emerging and transformational paradigm in the field of information technology. It mostly focuses in providing various services on demand and resource allocation and secure data storage are some of them. To store huge amount of data and accessing data from such metadata is new challenge. Distributing and balancing of the load over a cloud using cloud partitioning can ease the situation. Implementing load balancing by considering static as well as dynamic parameters can improve the performance cloud service provider and can improve the user satisfaction. Implementation the model can provide dynamic way of resource selection de-pending upon different situation of cloud environment at the time of accessing cloud provisions based on cloud partitioning. This model can provide effective load balancing algorithm over the cloud environment, better refresh time methods and better load status evaluation methods.
A Dynamically-adaptive Resource Aware Load Balancing Scheme for VM migrations...IOSR Journals
This document proposes a dynamically adaptive resource aware load balancing scheme for virtual machine (VM) migrations in datacenters. It begins with an introduction to virtualization and the increasing demand for flexible resource management in datacenters. It then discusses VM architecture, types of VM migrations including pre-copy and post-copy, and challenges with VM migrations such as latency, network bandwidth usage, and load balancing. The document proposes an algorithm for efficient VM migrations that is aware of resource availability and adapts to dynamic load balancing needs. The algorithm uses thresholds to identify overloaded and underloaded physical machines and selects the most overloaded VM to migrate to the most underloaded physical machine if resource requirements are met.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) is a leading international journal for publication of new ideas, the state of the art research results and fundamental advances in all aspects of Engineering and Science. IRJES is a open access, peer reviewed international journal with a primary objective to provide the academic community and industry for the submission of half of original research and applications
This document presents a master's thesis project that proposes algorithms for energy-efficient and traffic-aware virtual machine management in cloud computing. It introduces dynamic virtual machine consolidation as a way to reduce power consumption in data centers by migrating VMs between hosts. The author develops new algorithms that improve upon existing approaches by considering both CPU utilization and communication traffic between VMs when consolidating and placing VMs on hosts. The algorithms aim to increase energy efficiency while also reducing communication latency. The performance of the new algorithms is evaluated and shown to significantly reduce energy consumption, VM migrations, and SLA violations compared to existing approaches.
AUTO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT TO ENHANCE RELIABILITY AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN HET...IJCNCJournal
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications that proposes an Auto Resource Management (ARM) scheme to improve reliability and reduce energy consumption in heterogeneous cloud computing environments. The ARM scheme includes three components: 1) static and dynamic thresholds to detect host over/underutilization, 2) a virtual machine selection policy, and 3) a method to select placement hosts for migrated VMs. It also proposes a Short Prediction Resource Utilization method to improve decision making by considering predicted future utilization along with current utilization. The scheme is tested on a cloud simulator using real workload trace data, and results show it can enhance decision making, reduce energy consumption and SLA violations.
Performance Analysis of Server Consolidation Algorithms in Virtualized Cloud...Susheel Thakur
This document discusses server consolidation algorithms for virtualized cloud environments. It begins with an introduction to cloud computing and virtualization. It then reviews several existing server consolidation algorithms from literature, including Sandpiper, Khanna's algorithm, and Entropy. Sandpiper aims to mitigate hotspots by migrating virtual machines between physical machines. Khanna's algorithm aims for server consolidation by packing virtual machines to minimize the number of physical machines needed. Entropy aims to minimize the number of migrations required during consolidation. The document evaluates the performance of these algorithms in a virtualized cloud test environment.
This document summarizes a student report on optimizing virtual machine placement across geo-distributed data centers to minimize costs. It proposes using an optimization model to determine the optimal spare capacity allocation across data centers while considering electricity costs, demand variability, and other factors. It also describes using a heuristic algorithm to place VMs on physical machines across data centers in a way that minimizes operating costs like electricity and communication costs.
Enhancing minimal virtual machine migration in cloud environmenteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
SERVER COSOLIDATION ALGORITHMS FOR CLOUD COMPUTING: A REVIEWSusheel Thakur
This document summarizes a research paper on server consolidation algorithms for cloud computing environments. It discusses how server consolidation aims to reduce the number of underutilized servers through virtual machine migration and load balancing techniques. It reviews different server consolidation algorithms like Sandpiper that automate monitoring for hotspots, resizing or migrating virtual machines to improve resource utilization and energy efficiency. The document provides background on server consolidation and virtualization concepts and categorizes consolidation approaches before analyzing the Sandpiper algorithm in more detail.
Load Balancing in Cloud Computing Environment: A Comparative Study of Service...Eswar Publications
Load balancing is a computer networking method to distribute workload across multiple computers or a computer cluster, network links, central processing units, disk drives, or other resources, to achieve optimal resource utilization, maximize throughput, minimize response time, and avoid overload. Using multiple components with load balancing, instead of a single component, may increase reliability through redundancy. The
load balancing service is usually provided by dedicated software or hardware, such as a multilayer switch or a Domain Name System server. In this paper, the existing static algorithms used for simple cloud load balancing have been identified and also a hybrid algorithm for developments in the future is suggested.
APPLICATION OF AUTONOMIC COMPUTING PRINCIPLES IN VIRTUALIZED ENVIRONMENTcscpconf
The infrastructure of IT-sector is heterogeneous and complex. It is difficult for a system
administrator to manage these complex systems. This led to complex, unmanageable and
insecure systems. A new approach to solve this problem is the IT infrastructure automation.
Autonomic computing is the solution to manage complex infrastructure which provides "must
have" solutions for the problems above. The increased resource utilization in IT made the
enterprises to use the costly physical servers. These physical servers were under-utilized.
Virtualization is a technology with efficient and better utilization of resources. Virtualization and
autonomic computing are of major importance for the IT-sector and could be successfully
combined to reach the ideals of the autonomic computing. This paper addresses the design issues in automating live migration of virtual machines in virtualized environment using autonomic computing.
Virtual machine placement in a virtualized cloudiaemedu
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an efficient virtual machine placement algorithm to minimize server utilization and virtual machine migrations in cloud data centers. The algorithm is based on bin packing principles but also considers virtual machine size, network bandwidth, and individual virtual machine completion times. The authors model the virtual machine placement problem as a bin packing problem and modify existing bin packing heuristics. They conduct experiments to analyze the performance of their algorithm and show it can minimize the number of migrations needed while reducing downtime during migrations.
The document discusses four key challenges for implementing embedded cloud computing:
1. Configuring systems for data timeliness and reliability across multiple data streams and applications.
2. Configuring ad-hoc datacenters for remote operations in a timely manner based on available cloud resources.
3. Ensuring configuration accuracy so data timeliness and reliability are optimized for the given computing resources.
4. Reducing development complexity to allow systems to readily configure and operate across different cloud environments and applications.
Hybrid Scheduling Algorithm for Efficient Load Balancing In Cloud ComputingEswar Publications
This document presents a hybrid scheduling algorithm for efficient load balancing in cloud computing. The algorithm uses both round robin and priority-based scheduling approaches. It first assigns priorities to incoming job requests and then executes them in a round robin fashion. The algorithm aims to minimize overall response time and data center processing time. It is evaluated through simulation and found to perform better than round robin, priority-based, and equally spread current execution algorithms alone in terms of optimized response time and data center service time.
IRJET- Dynamic Resource Allocation of Heterogeneous Workload in CloudIRJET Journal
This document discusses dynamic resource allocation of heterogeneous workloads in cloud computing. It proposes a new approach called SAMR that aims to minimize resource allocation delay and reduce energy waste. SAMR uses a Markov chain model to predict workloads and determine the optimal number of active physical machines. It then allocates virtual machines to machines using its scheduling algorithm. The goal is to balance minimizing user delay through fast allocation while avoiding underutilization of resources that wastes energy. The existing approaches have drawbacks like high computational cost for algorithms like Viterbi used in hidden Markov models. SAMR aims to improve on this with its predictions of workloads and dynamic provisioning approach.
Classification of Virtualization Environment for Cloud ComputingSouvik Pal
Cloud Computing is a relatively new field gaining more popularity day by day for ramified applications among the Internet users.
Virtualization plays a significant role for managing and coordinating the access from the resource pool to multiple virtual machines on
which multiple heterogeneous applications are running. Various virtualization methodologies are of significant importance because it
helps to overcome the complex workloads, frequent application patching and updating, and multiple software architecture. Although
a lot of research and study has been conducted on virtualization, a range of issues involved have mostly been presented in isolation
of each other. Therefore, we have made an attempt to present a comprehensive survey study of different aspects of virtualization. We
present our classification of virtualization methodologies and their brief explanation, based on their working principle and underlying
features.
Adaptive Offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing by automatic partitioning approach of tasks is the idea to augment execution through migrating heavy computation from mobile devices to resourceful cloud servers and then receive the results from them via wireless networks. Offloading is an effective way to
overcome the resources and functionalities constraints
of the mobile devices since it can release them from
intensive processing and increase performance of the
mobile applications, in terms of response time.
Offloading brings many potential benefits, such as
energy saving, performance improvement, reliability
improvement, ease for the software developers and
better exploitation of contextual information.
Parameters about method transitions, response times,
cost and energy consumptions are dynamically reestimated
at runtime during application executions.
AUTOMATED VM MIGRATION USING INTELLIGENT LEARNING TECHNIQUEIRJET Journal
This document discusses an approach for automated virtual machine (VM) migration using intelligent learning techniques like fuzzy logic. The goal is to develop a load balancing as a service (LBaaS) software that provides optimal quality of service (QoS). Fuzzy logic is used to decide whether to migrate live VMs or newly requested VMs based on the current state of the VM hosting servers. The live migration technique is employed to balance server loads and ensure uninterrupted service during VM migration with minimal downtime. Two VM hosting servers are set up and connected via a network to act as a cluster. VM requests and resource usage data are sent to the fuzzy logic system which then determines the best placement or migration of VMs based on predefined
IRJET- A Literature Survey on Scaling Approaches for VNF in NFV MonitoringIRJET Journal
This document provides a literature survey of scaling approaches used for monitoring virtual network functions (VNFs) deployed on cloud infrastructure. It discusses challenges in scaling VNFs, such as reliability, turnaround time, stability, and optimal resource utilization. It then summarizes various scaling approaches in the literature, including static threshold-based reactive approaches, dynamic threshold-based adaptive approaches, and time series analysis predictive approaches using machine learning. The document proposes a novel hybrid approach that combines adaptive and machine learning techniques, using feedback to improve predictive accuracy of scaling decisions for VNF monitoring.
Virtual Machine Migration Techniques in Cloud Environment: A Surveyijsrd.com
Cloud is an emerging technology in the world of information technology and is built on the key concept of virtualization. Virtualization separates hardware from software and has benefits of server consolidation and live migration. Live migration is a useful tool for migrating OS instances across distant physical of data centers and clusters. It facilitates load balancing, fault management, low-level system maintenance and reduction in energy consumption. In this paper, we survey the major issues of virtual machine live migration. There are various techniques available for live migration and different parameters are considered for migration.
This document discusses load balancing in cloud computing. It begins with an introduction to cloud computing and discusses how load balancing can improve user satisfaction and resource utilization by evenly distributing tasks across resources. It then describes different types of load balancing algorithms like round robin, equally spread current execution, min-min, and max-min algorithms. It also covers dynamic load balancing approaches like ant colony optimization and honeybee foraging behavior algorithms. The document concludes by comparing various load balancing algorithms based on metrics like throughput, fault tolerance, response time, overhead, and scalability. Load balancing is important for cloud computing to efficiently allocate dynamic workloads across nodes and improve performance.
ANALYSIS ON LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHMS IMPLEMENTATION ON CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIR...AM Publications
Cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive. The cloud is just a metaphor for the Internet. The elements involved in cloud computing are clients, data center and distributed server. One of the main problems in cloud computing is load balancing. Balancing the load means to distribute the workload among several nodes evenly so that no single node will be overloaded. Load can be of any type that is it can be CPU load, memory capacity or network load. In this paper we presented an architecture of load balancing and algorithm which will further improve the load balancing problem by minimizing the response time. In this paper, we have proposed the enhanced version of existing regulated load balancing approach for cloud computing by comping the Randomization and greedy load balancing algorithm. To check the performance of proposed approach, we have used the cloud analyst simulator (Cloud Analyst). Through simulation analysis, it has been found that proposed improved version of regulated load balancing approach has shown better performance in terms of cost, response time and data processing time.
Affinity based virtual machine migration (AVM) approach for effective placeme...IRJET Journal
This document discusses an affinity-based virtual machine migration (AVM) approach to optimize VM placement in cloud environments. The AVM approach uses a genetic algorithm to group VMs based on affinity metrics like traffic rate and communication cost, with the goal of reducing communication cost. It introduces non-randomness to the initial population to reduce search space and time. The algorithm considers network topology and aims to minimize the number of networking devices between VMs to reduce communication cost and traffic rate. Simulation results show the AVM approach reduces communication cost by 15% and execution time compared to existing genetic algorithms.
Dynamic resource allocation using virtual machines for cloud computing enviro...IEEEFINALYEARPROJECTS
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The document discusses a system that uses virtualization technology to dynamically allocate data center resources based on application demands. It aims to optimize the number of servers in use to support green computing while preventing server overload. The proposed system introduces a concept of "skewness" to measure uneven resource utilization across servers and develops heuristics to minimize skewness and improve overall utilization while avoiding overload and saving energy.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CONTAINERIZATION IN EDGE-CLOUD COMPUTING STACKS FOR...IRJET Journal
The document discusses performance evaluation of containerization in edge-cloud computing stacks for industrial applications from a client perspective. It assesses the impact of communication latency, payload, network bandwidth, and synchronous tasks on end-to-end latency of full stacks. It benchmarks the processing capability of executing AI workloads. The results show that containerization on the edge does not significantly degrade performance in terms of communication, provisioning and processing capabilities, making it a promising technology for edge computing. However, there is still room for performance improvement to meet the requirements of time-critical modern applications. The proposed evaluation methodology can serve as a reference for edge computing users and developers.
LIVE VIRTUAL MACHINE MIGRATION USING SHADOW PAGING IN CLOUD COMPUTINGcsandit
Cloud Computing shares computing resources to execute application. Cloud systems provide high-specification resources in the form of services, leading to the provision of user convenience and greater ease for personal-computer users; however, expansions of the cloudsystem service necessitate a corresponding enhancement of the technology that is used for server-resource management. In this paper, by monitoring the resources of a cloud server, we sought to identify the causes of server overload and degradation, followed by the running of a dynamic-page-migration mechanism. According to this process, we designed the proposed migration architecture for the minimization of user inconvenience
A Virtual Machine Resource Management Method with Millisecond PrecisionIRJET Journal
This document proposes a virtual machine resource management method with millisecond precision for efficient resource utilization in cloud computing environments. It describes monitoring resource usage, de-provisioning idle tasks to reduce waste, and prioritizing job scheduling based on resource needs and priority. The method aims to guarantee high resource utilization and 99% operation timing for time-critical industrial systems using cloud computing platforms. Experimental results showed the proposed method achieved better CPU utilization and ensured timing for industrial processes compared to conventional resource management approaches.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
This document summarizes research on techniques for virtual machine (VM) scheduling and management to improve energy efficiency in cloud computing. It discusses how VM scheduling algorithms aim to optimally map VMs to physical servers while minimizing costs and power consumption. Precopy and postcopy live migration techniques are described for managing VMs. The document surveys various algorithms for VM scheduling, including ones based on data transfer time, linear programming, and combinatorial optimization. It also discusses factors that affect VM migration efficiency such as hypervisor options and network configuration. Overall, the document provides an overview of energy-efficient approaches for VM scheduling and management in cloud computing.
IRJET- Implementation of Cloud Energy Saving System using Virtual Machine...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a cloud energy saving system using virtual machine dynamic resource allocation on the OpenNebula platform. It aims to address the problems of high energy consumption and wasted idle resources in cloud computing. The system uses two methods: 1) autoscaling, which reallocates load between nodes based on process requirements to reduce response time and maximize throughput, and 2) live migration of VMs between hosts to power down idle machines. Two experiments are conducted to evaluate autoscaling performance and energy savings when adding and removing VMs on OpenNebula. The goal is to significantly reduce power consumption and wasted resources compared to traditional methods.
IRJET- In Cloud Computing Resource Allotment by using Resource Provisioning A...IRJET Journal
This document discusses resource allocation in cloud computing using a resource provisioning algorithm. It proposes a new approach called "inequality" to measure imbalance in multi-level resource usage of servers. By minimizing inequality, different workload types can be consolidated better and overall server resource utilization can be improved. The paper aims to avoid both under-provisioning and over-provisioning of resources while also promoting green computing objectives like reducing unnecessary server usage. It presents the design of a resource allocation system that allocates datacenter resources dynamically based on application demands.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) is a leading international journal for publication of new ideas, the state of the art research results and fundamental advances in all aspects of Engineering and Science. IRJES is a open access, peer reviewed international journal with a primary objective to provide the academic community and industry for the submission of half of original research and applications
DYNAMIC ALLOCATION METHOD FOR EFFICIENT LOAD BALANCING IN VIRTUAL MACHINES FO...acijjournal
This paper proposes a Dynamic resource allocation method for Cloud computing. Cloud computing is a model for delivering information technology services in which resources are retrieved from the internet through web-based tools and applications, rather than a direct connection to a server. Users can set up
and boot the required resources and they have to pay only for the required resources. Thus, in the future providing a mechanism for efficient resource management and assignment will be an important objective of Cloud computing. In this project we propose a method, dynamic scheduling and consolidation mechanism that allocate resources based on the load of Virtual Machines (VMs) on Infrastructure as a service (IaaS). This method enables users to dynamically add and/or delete one or more instances on the basis of the load and the conditions specified by the user. Our objective is to develop an effective load balancing algorithm using Virtual Machine Monitoring to
maximize or minimize different performance parameters(throughput for example) for the Clouds of
different sizes (virtual topology de-pending on the application requirement).
A hybrid algorithm to reduce energy consumption management in cloud data centersIJECEIAES
There are several physical data centers in cloud environment with hundreds or thousands of computers. Virtualization is the key technology to make cloud computing feasible. It separates virtual machines in a way that each of these so-called virtualized machines can be configured on a number of hosts according to the type of user application. It is also possible to dynamically alter the allocated resources of a virtual machine. Different methods of energy saving in data centers can be divided into three general categories: 1) methods based on load balancing of resources; 2) using hardware facilities for scheduling; 3) considering thermal characteristics of the environment. This paper focuses on load balancing methods as they act dynamically because of their dependence on the current behavior of system. By taking a detailed look on previous methods, we provide a hybrid method which enables us to save energy through finding a suitable configuration for virtual machines placement and considering special features of virtual environments for scheduling and balancing dynamic loads by live migration method.
A load balancing strategy for reducing data loss risk on cloud using remodif...IJECEIAES
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a load balancing strategy called the re-modified throttled algorithm (RMTA) to reduce the risk of data loss on cloud computing. The RMTA aims to address limitations in previous algorithms by considering both the availability and capacity of virtual machines (VMs) during load distribution and migration processes. It maintains two index tables to track available and unavailable VMs. When a new request arrives, the RMTA load balancer selects a VM that has sufficient available storage and bandwidth to handle the request size without risk of data overflow. This is intended to minimize data loss or hampering during migration. The performance of the RMTA is evaluated through simulation and analysis on the CloudAnalyst tool.
This document discusses live migration of virtual machines. It describes using pre-copy migration, which iteratively copies memory pages from the source machine to the destination while the virtual machine continues running. This allows for very short downtimes of 60ms or more. It implemented this approach for Xen virtual machines and was able to migrate virtual machines running servers with minimal disruption to clients.
Implementation of the Open Source Virtualization Technologies in Cloud Computingneirew J
This document summarizes the implementation of open source virtualization technologies in cloud computing. It discusses setting up a 3 node cluster using KVM as the hypervisor with Debian GNU/Linux 7 as the base operating system. Key steps included installing Ganeti software, configuring LVM and VLAN networking, adding nodes to the cluster from the master node, and enabling DRBD for redundant storage across nodes. The goal was to create a basic virtualized infrastructure using open source tools to demonstrate cloud computing concepts.
Similar to IRJET- Research Paper on Energy-Aware Virtual Machine Migration for Cloud Computing (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.