This document describes an IoT-based dual-axis solar tracker system with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) using a Raspberry Pi and NodeMCU. It calculates the sun's position using equations that take latitude, longitude, time and date as inputs to determine the azimuth and altitude angles without sensors. An MQTT protocol transmits data between the PV module (NodeMCU) and server (Node-RED) regarding voltage, current, angles, and duty cycle. Node-RED installed on the Raspberry Pi calculates the duty cycle to extract maximum power from the PV system using two servo motors to adjust the panel's position. Experimental results found a tracking error of 0.1° and 0.47° for altitude and
Massive Sensors Array for Precision Sensingoblu.io
More than a billion smartphones being sold annually and growing with CAGR of 16%, the smartphone industry has become a driving force in the development of ultralow-cost inertial sensors. Unfortunately, these ultra low-cost sensors do not yet meet the needs of more demanding applications like inertial navigation and biomedical motion tracking systems. However, by adapting a wisdom of the crowd’s thinking and design arrays consisting of hundreds of sensing elements, one can capitalize on the decreasing cost, size, and power-consumption of the sensors to construct virtual high-performance low-cost inertial sensors. Team at KTH, Sweden and WUSTL, USA share findings and challenges.
Published Paper (Potentials of Energy savings in Jordanian Residential sector)Ahmed Abubokha
This document presents a study on the potential energy savings from using a solar tracking system compared to a traditional stationary solar panel system in Jordan. An experimental setup was built using standard photovoltaic panels, with one panel on a tracking mechanism that adjusts the panel's position to follow the sun and one stationary panel. Data on energy output was collected from both panels over time. The results showed the tracking system increased energy output by 15-20% on average compared to the stationary system. A feasibility analysis estimated the net present value and projected annual energy savings and revenue from using the tracking system, finding it would be a financially beneficial investment over the system's 12 year lifetime.
Abstract - Positioning is a fundamental component of human life to make meaningful interpretations of the environment. Without knowledge of position, human beings are like machines and have very limited capabilities to interact with the environment. Even machines in today’s world can be made smarter if positioning information is made available to them. Indoor positioning of pedestrians is the broad area considered in this thesis. A foot mounted pedestrian tracking device has been studied for this purpose. Systems which utilize foot mounted inertial navigation system has been in the literature for more than two decades. However very few real time implementations have been possible. The purpose of this thesis is to benchmark and improve the performance of one such implementation.
The document summarizes a project to design and develop an automatic Solar Tracker Robot (STR) using a microcontroller that is capable of tracking maximum sunlight. The STR consists of components like a PIC16F877A microcontroller, light dependent resistors (LDRs) as sensors, servo motors, and a digital compass. The LDRs detect sunlight and the servo motor aligns the solar panel to receive maximum light. The digital compass is used to detect the robot's position. Experimental results found the STR could increase the efficiency of the solar panel by an average of 19.26% compared to a fixed panel. The STR automatically adjusts its position using the digital compass and microcontroller programming.
An Experimental Study on a Pedestrian Tracking Deviceoblu.io
The implemented navigational algorithm of an inertial
navigation system (INS), along with the hardware configuration, decides its tracking performance. Besides, operating conditions also influence its tracking performance. The aim of this study is to demonstrate robust performance of a multiple Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) based foot-mounted INS, The Osmium MIMU22BTP, under varying operating conditions. The device, which performs zero-velocity-update (ZUPT) aided navigation, is subjected to different conditions which could potentially influence gait of its wearer, its hardware configuration etc. The gait-influencing factors chosen for study are shoe type, walking surface, path profile and walking speed. Besides, the tracking performance of the device is also studied for different number of on-board IMUs and the ambient temperature. The tracking performance of MIMU22BTP is reported for all these factors and benchmarked using identified performance metrics. We observe very robust tracking performance of MIMU22BTP. The average relative errors are less than 3 to 4% under all the conditions, with respect to drift, distance and height, indicating a potential for a variety of location based services based on foot mounted inertial sensing and dead reckoning.
This project aims to create a rough map of an object using an ultrasonic sensor. The sensor measures distance at different points on the object as it is rotated and moved. These distance measurements are sent to a computer running MATLAB, which processes the data and generates a mesh plot approximating the object's shape. Components needed include an Arduino, ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, and lifting mechanism to move the sensor. Limitations include low precision and the inability to create a full 3D plot. Potential extensions involve adding remote control, improved filtering, and using it to map rooms in dark environments.
Design and performance evaluation of a solar tracking panel of single axis in...IJECEIAES
This document presents the design and performance evaluation of a single-axis solar tracking panel in Colombia. It describes the mechanical design of the solar tracker, including the structure and movement mechanism. It also discusses the electronic design of an interface to monitor and compare the power output of the tracking panel versus a static panel. Simulation software (Pv-Syst) was used to initially simulate performance, and data from the interface was used to validate the simulation results. The study found that the solar tracker increased minimum power output by 19% compared to the static panel, with a maximum increase of 47.84% and average monthly increase of 19.5%. This experimental result differed by only 2.5% from the Pv-Syst simulation, validating the
Massive Sensors Array for Precision Sensingoblu.io
More than a billion smartphones being sold annually and growing with CAGR of 16%, the smartphone industry has become a driving force in the development of ultralow-cost inertial sensors. Unfortunately, these ultra low-cost sensors do not yet meet the needs of more demanding applications like inertial navigation and biomedical motion tracking systems. However, by adapting a wisdom of the crowd’s thinking and design arrays consisting of hundreds of sensing elements, one can capitalize on the decreasing cost, size, and power-consumption of the sensors to construct virtual high-performance low-cost inertial sensors. Team at KTH, Sweden and WUSTL, USA share findings and challenges.
Published Paper (Potentials of Energy savings in Jordanian Residential sector)Ahmed Abubokha
This document presents a study on the potential energy savings from using a solar tracking system compared to a traditional stationary solar panel system in Jordan. An experimental setup was built using standard photovoltaic panels, with one panel on a tracking mechanism that adjusts the panel's position to follow the sun and one stationary panel. Data on energy output was collected from both panels over time. The results showed the tracking system increased energy output by 15-20% on average compared to the stationary system. A feasibility analysis estimated the net present value and projected annual energy savings and revenue from using the tracking system, finding it would be a financially beneficial investment over the system's 12 year lifetime.
Abstract - Positioning is a fundamental component of human life to make meaningful interpretations of the environment. Without knowledge of position, human beings are like machines and have very limited capabilities to interact with the environment. Even machines in today’s world can be made smarter if positioning information is made available to them. Indoor positioning of pedestrians is the broad area considered in this thesis. A foot mounted pedestrian tracking device has been studied for this purpose. Systems which utilize foot mounted inertial navigation system has been in the literature for more than two decades. However very few real time implementations have been possible. The purpose of this thesis is to benchmark and improve the performance of one such implementation.
The document summarizes a project to design and develop an automatic Solar Tracker Robot (STR) using a microcontroller that is capable of tracking maximum sunlight. The STR consists of components like a PIC16F877A microcontroller, light dependent resistors (LDRs) as sensors, servo motors, and a digital compass. The LDRs detect sunlight and the servo motor aligns the solar panel to receive maximum light. The digital compass is used to detect the robot's position. Experimental results found the STR could increase the efficiency of the solar panel by an average of 19.26% compared to a fixed panel. The STR automatically adjusts its position using the digital compass and microcontroller programming.
An Experimental Study on a Pedestrian Tracking Deviceoblu.io
The implemented navigational algorithm of an inertial
navigation system (INS), along with the hardware configuration, decides its tracking performance. Besides, operating conditions also influence its tracking performance. The aim of this study is to demonstrate robust performance of a multiple Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) based foot-mounted INS, The Osmium MIMU22BTP, under varying operating conditions. The device, which performs zero-velocity-update (ZUPT) aided navigation, is subjected to different conditions which could potentially influence gait of its wearer, its hardware configuration etc. The gait-influencing factors chosen for study are shoe type, walking surface, path profile and walking speed. Besides, the tracking performance of the device is also studied for different number of on-board IMUs and the ambient temperature. The tracking performance of MIMU22BTP is reported for all these factors and benchmarked using identified performance metrics. We observe very robust tracking performance of MIMU22BTP. The average relative errors are less than 3 to 4% under all the conditions, with respect to drift, distance and height, indicating a potential for a variety of location based services based on foot mounted inertial sensing and dead reckoning.
This project aims to create a rough map of an object using an ultrasonic sensor. The sensor measures distance at different points on the object as it is rotated and moved. These distance measurements are sent to a computer running MATLAB, which processes the data and generates a mesh plot approximating the object's shape. Components needed include an Arduino, ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, and lifting mechanism to move the sensor. Limitations include low precision and the inability to create a full 3D plot. Potential extensions involve adding remote control, improved filtering, and using it to map rooms in dark environments.
Design and performance evaluation of a solar tracking panel of single axis in...IJECEIAES
This document presents the design and performance evaluation of a single-axis solar tracking panel in Colombia. It describes the mechanical design of the solar tracker, including the structure and movement mechanism. It also discusses the electronic design of an interface to monitor and compare the power output of the tracking panel versus a static panel. Simulation software (Pv-Syst) was used to initially simulate performance, and data from the interface was used to validate the simulation results. The study found that the solar tracker increased minimum power output by 19% compared to the static panel, with a maximum increase of 47.84% and average monthly increase of 19.5%. This experimental result differed by only 2.5% from the Pv-Syst simulation, validating the
Design and implementation of smart electronic solar tracker based on ArduinoTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Demand of energy increases in the global and exponential exhaustion is favored of resources by
fossil fuel for electricity production with the new systems development. Compared with all other remainder
energies, the specialist sun energy is the most bountiful energy and it's typically easy to be changed into
electrical energy. The main thing of using solar panel is to produce electrical energy from sun's energy but
the optimum energy can be generated by tracking solar panel due to the sun movement from east to west.
The problem can be solved by proposed systems where the sun tracking by solar panel that based on high
intensity of sun ray. This paper concentrates on tracking the sun by using servo motor coupled with solar
panel. So that, the largest quantity of sun light at the incident panel along the day at any time is better than
that for method of fixed panel array which is less efficient. The microcontroller Arduino (mode UNO) was
programmed by using C++ language while the track of sun light processing was implemented by using
light depending resistor (LDR), Chip IC H-bridge and microcontroller Arduino (UNO) circuits have been
designed by using Proteus software. By circuit design and sun tracking control process, the cost reduction
has been improved and high amount of energy was saved when implemented this system.
This paper is a mathematical study for finding the amount of solar radiation on the surface of the
Photovoltaic (PV) system affected due to the variation in the slope (tilt angle) of the PV system along with the
background theory of the attenuation of the solar radiation. The power density is maximum when the solar moduleabsorbing
surface is perpendicular to the sun and in all other cases module power is always lesser than the incident
power. Hence extra addition of panels with fixed tilt is no longer economical viable when electricity demand
increases. Theoretical estimation of solar radiation on the slope of the PV surface from the radiation available on
the horizontal surface is evaluated and the results are presented on the basis of the data available and proposed
mathematical model for the calculation of the total amount of solar radiation on tilted surface.
Darius Burschka presents work on collaborative visual-SLAM approaches using mini-UAVs. The key aspects discussed are:
1) Using omnidirectional cameras instead of fish-eye lenses to allow easy recovery of viewing angles for localization and reconstruction.
2) Proposing measures like increasing distance between cameras, focal length, or camera resolution to boost perception resolution in camera swarms.
3) Describing a collaborative reconstruction approach using two independently moving cameras to estimate extrinsic parameters and reconstruct 3D points from motion stereo without extrinsic calibration.
Sensors Data Processing for Innovative Swimming Tracking DeviceGlobalLogic Ukraine
This presentation is about the development of Instabeat, an innovative swimming tracker, it's sensors, horizon detection and swimming data analysis.
Presentation by Orest Hera (Senior Software Engineer, GlobalLogic, Lviv), delivered at GlobalLogic Lviv Mobile TechTalk, November 13, 2014.
More details -
http://www.globallogic.com.ua/press-releases/lviv-mobile-2014-coverage
iwatchjr | Mobile Handset Sensors Coordinate Systemiwatchjr
According to iwatchjr, over the past four years, there’s been a surge in tech dedicated to sensing the quality of the air around us, whether that’s general pollution and allergens or more harmful gases and toxins.
Backtracking Algorithm for Single-Axis Solar Trackers installed in a sloping ...IJERA Editor
In this paper we present a backtracking algorithm that improves the energy production of a single-axis solar
tracker by reducing the shadow caused by neighboring panels. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can operate in
any field slope avoiding the necessity of correcting the field slope where the solar tracker is placed. This is an
important feature once it will reduced the time and the manpower during the solar tracker setup. The results
have shown that the algorithm presents a similar performance comparing to similar algorithms that were
designed only for horizontal fields.
Development of a robust filtering algorithm for inertial sensor based navigationMatthew Shamoon
The process of combining data from MEM sensors, gyroscopes, and acoustic sensors to track a person for navigation and surrounding object detection purposes
An interactive approach for solar energy system:design and manufacturing IJECEIAES
The energy production in the word is a very complex problem with decreasing the pollution. Therefore, the aim is to find an optimal solution, this research focuses on the development and the optimization of parabolic concentrator using an interactivity approach and virtual design tools. Recently, several works have been developed in this area. In this study, a new conception, design Optimization approach has been involved in system energy design including new concept. The design strategy has been successfully applied to design problems. The optimizer tool developed for based on Heuristic: Gravitational Search Algorithm. The results of the presented in this paper are significant in the system energy design, which presents an effective approach of development by reducing the cost of installation, the time of analysis by increasing the radiation and solar flux concentrated within the parabola generating an increase in accumulated energy.
Use of internal sensors of tablets and smarphones in physics #scichallenge2017Matouš Pikous
In my project I tried to find how tablets and smartphones can be used in physics lessons and then how many advantages they can bring. I focused on two of the internal sensors measuring quantities. I described those two sensors to details and I figured out two experiments which could be practised at school lessons. The first sensor is an accelerometer, which is a common sensor in most portable devices and which can be used in many different ways. The second sensor is magnetic field sensor because students do not know it but it can be useful in physics lessons. #scichallenge2017
This document describes ArduSat, an open-source nanosatellite based on the CubeSat standard that allows students to design their own satellite experiments using an Arduino sensor suite and collect real-world space data. Two undergraduate physics students tested seven sensors on a prototype "CubeSat" but were unable to upload their code to ArduSat satellites before completing the project. The extensive Arduino sensor suite on ArduSat gives students the opportunity to gain hands-on experience with space technologies and data collection.
Measurement of 3 Solar Panel Output Involving Controller and ReflectorTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Solar cell as one of renewable energy source had been treated differently in this research. In order to optimize its output and efficiency, three panels output was measured simultaneously by vary its movement and sun light exposure. The variations of measurement are one static panel without any treatment; one static panel with two mirrors as reflector; and one dynamic panel with reflector. The dynamic panel movement controlled by microcontroller. Result had revealed that the treatment succesfully improve the output of solar cell.
Total station is a surveying instrument that combines an electronic distance meter (EDM), an electronic theodolite, and a microprocessor. It can measure horizontal and vertical angles as well as sloping distances to target objects. Total stations provide accurate linear, angular, and elevation measurements and allow for automated data collection in the field. They have largely replaced traditional surveying equipment like tapes, levels, and transits due to their increased speed, accuracy, and capabilities.
Fast and High-Precision 3D Tracking and Position Measurement with MEMS Microm...Ping Hsu
We demonstrate real-time fast-motion tracking of an object in a 3D volume, while obtaining its precise XYZ co-ordinates.
Two separate scanning MEMS micromirror sub-systems track the object in a 20 kHz closed-loop. A demonstration system capable
of tracking full-speed human hand motion provides position information at up to 5m distance with 16-bit precision, or <=20μm
precision on the X and Y axes (up/down, left/right,) and precision on the depth (Z-axis) from 10μm to 1.5mm, depending on distance.
Iaetsd concepts of surveying with totalstation-a latestIaetsd Iaetsd
This document provides an overview of surveying with a total station, which is a modern surveying instrument that integrates an electronic theodolite, distance measuring instrument, and computer. It discusses the components and functions of a total station, including the gun, batteries, environmental box, data collector, focus adjustment knobs, and data screens. The document also covers electronic distance measurement, basic mapping terms, and advantages of using a total station compared to traditional surveying methods.
The accurate prediction of solar irradiation has been
a leading problem for better energy scheduling approach.
Hence in this paper, an Artificial neural network based solar
irradiance is proposed for five days duration the data is
obtained from National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA
and the simulation were performed using MATLAB 2013. It
was found that the neural model was able to predict the solar
irradiance with a mean square error of 0.0355.
Evaluation of dynamics | Gyroscope, Accelerometer, Inertia Measuring Unit and...Robo India
Robo India presents theory and working principles of Inertia Measuring unit (IMU), gyroscope, accelerometer and Kalman Filter. It is an important controlling part of unmanned Arial vehicles (UAV)
We have named it as evaluation of dynamics.
We welcome all of your views and queries, we are found at-
website: http://roboindia.com
mail- info@roboindia.com
46 optimization paper id 0017 edit septianIAESIJEECS
This paper is a comparisation study between an experimental data and Matlab simulation of output PV characteristic affected by the orientation and the tilt angle of a photovoltaic solar module with inclined plane and by the dimension of the panel. The PV panel was rotated towards the east, south and west and positioned for the angles 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°. In this position, the values of current, voltage and power are measured. In the other side, using the mathematical model to calculate the solar radiation incident on an inclined surface as a function of the tilt angle was developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK model. The optimum angles were determined as positions in which maximum values of solar irradiation and maximum power were registered to characterize the P-V and V-I photovoltaic panel.
Development of a solar radiation sensor system with pyranometerIJECEIAES
Solar energy is a result of the nuclear fusion process in the form of a series of thermonuclear events that occur in the Sun's core. Solar radiation has a significant impact on the lives of all living things on earth. The uses, as mentioned earlier, are when the solar radiation received requires a certain amount and vice versa. As a result, a more accurate instrument of solar radiation is required. A specific instrument is typically used to measure solar radiation parameters. There are four solar radiation parameters: diffusion radiation, global radiation, direct radiation, and solar radiation duration. Thus, it needs to use many devices to measure radiation data. The paper designs to measure all four-radiation data by pyranometer with particular modification and shading device. This design results have a high correlation with a global standard with a value of R=0.73, diffusion with a value of R=0.60 and a sufficiently strong direct correlation with a value of R=0.56. It can be said that the system is much simpler, making it easier to monitor and log the various solar radiation parameters.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Design and implementation of smart electronic solar tracker based on ArduinoTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Demand of energy increases in the global and exponential exhaustion is favored of resources by
fossil fuel for electricity production with the new systems development. Compared with all other remainder
energies, the specialist sun energy is the most bountiful energy and it's typically easy to be changed into
electrical energy. The main thing of using solar panel is to produce electrical energy from sun's energy but
the optimum energy can be generated by tracking solar panel due to the sun movement from east to west.
The problem can be solved by proposed systems where the sun tracking by solar panel that based on high
intensity of sun ray. This paper concentrates on tracking the sun by using servo motor coupled with solar
panel. So that, the largest quantity of sun light at the incident panel along the day at any time is better than
that for method of fixed panel array which is less efficient. The microcontroller Arduino (mode UNO) was
programmed by using C++ language while the track of sun light processing was implemented by using
light depending resistor (LDR), Chip IC H-bridge and microcontroller Arduino (UNO) circuits have been
designed by using Proteus software. By circuit design and sun tracking control process, the cost reduction
has been improved and high amount of energy was saved when implemented this system.
This paper is a mathematical study for finding the amount of solar radiation on the surface of the
Photovoltaic (PV) system affected due to the variation in the slope (tilt angle) of the PV system along with the
background theory of the attenuation of the solar radiation. The power density is maximum when the solar moduleabsorbing
surface is perpendicular to the sun and in all other cases module power is always lesser than the incident
power. Hence extra addition of panels with fixed tilt is no longer economical viable when electricity demand
increases. Theoretical estimation of solar radiation on the slope of the PV surface from the radiation available on
the horizontal surface is evaluated and the results are presented on the basis of the data available and proposed
mathematical model for the calculation of the total amount of solar radiation on tilted surface.
Darius Burschka presents work on collaborative visual-SLAM approaches using mini-UAVs. The key aspects discussed are:
1) Using omnidirectional cameras instead of fish-eye lenses to allow easy recovery of viewing angles for localization and reconstruction.
2) Proposing measures like increasing distance between cameras, focal length, or camera resolution to boost perception resolution in camera swarms.
3) Describing a collaborative reconstruction approach using two independently moving cameras to estimate extrinsic parameters and reconstruct 3D points from motion stereo without extrinsic calibration.
Sensors Data Processing for Innovative Swimming Tracking DeviceGlobalLogic Ukraine
This presentation is about the development of Instabeat, an innovative swimming tracker, it's sensors, horizon detection and swimming data analysis.
Presentation by Orest Hera (Senior Software Engineer, GlobalLogic, Lviv), delivered at GlobalLogic Lviv Mobile TechTalk, November 13, 2014.
More details -
http://www.globallogic.com.ua/press-releases/lviv-mobile-2014-coverage
iwatchjr | Mobile Handset Sensors Coordinate Systemiwatchjr
According to iwatchjr, over the past four years, there’s been a surge in tech dedicated to sensing the quality of the air around us, whether that’s general pollution and allergens or more harmful gases and toxins.
Backtracking Algorithm for Single-Axis Solar Trackers installed in a sloping ...IJERA Editor
In this paper we present a backtracking algorithm that improves the energy production of a single-axis solar
tracker by reducing the shadow caused by neighboring panels. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can operate in
any field slope avoiding the necessity of correcting the field slope where the solar tracker is placed. This is an
important feature once it will reduced the time and the manpower during the solar tracker setup. The results
have shown that the algorithm presents a similar performance comparing to similar algorithms that were
designed only for horizontal fields.
Development of a robust filtering algorithm for inertial sensor based navigationMatthew Shamoon
The process of combining data from MEM sensors, gyroscopes, and acoustic sensors to track a person for navigation and surrounding object detection purposes
An interactive approach for solar energy system:design and manufacturing IJECEIAES
The energy production in the word is a very complex problem with decreasing the pollution. Therefore, the aim is to find an optimal solution, this research focuses on the development and the optimization of parabolic concentrator using an interactivity approach and virtual design tools. Recently, several works have been developed in this area. In this study, a new conception, design Optimization approach has been involved in system energy design including new concept. The design strategy has been successfully applied to design problems. The optimizer tool developed for based on Heuristic: Gravitational Search Algorithm. The results of the presented in this paper are significant in the system energy design, which presents an effective approach of development by reducing the cost of installation, the time of analysis by increasing the radiation and solar flux concentrated within the parabola generating an increase in accumulated energy.
Use of internal sensors of tablets and smarphones in physics #scichallenge2017Matouš Pikous
In my project I tried to find how tablets and smartphones can be used in physics lessons and then how many advantages they can bring. I focused on two of the internal sensors measuring quantities. I described those two sensors to details and I figured out two experiments which could be practised at school lessons. The first sensor is an accelerometer, which is a common sensor in most portable devices and which can be used in many different ways. The second sensor is magnetic field sensor because students do not know it but it can be useful in physics lessons. #scichallenge2017
This document describes ArduSat, an open-source nanosatellite based on the CubeSat standard that allows students to design their own satellite experiments using an Arduino sensor suite and collect real-world space data. Two undergraduate physics students tested seven sensors on a prototype "CubeSat" but were unable to upload their code to ArduSat satellites before completing the project. The extensive Arduino sensor suite on ArduSat gives students the opportunity to gain hands-on experience with space technologies and data collection.
Measurement of 3 Solar Panel Output Involving Controller and ReflectorTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Solar cell as one of renewable energy source had been treated differently in this research. In order to optimize its output and efficiency, three panels output was measured simultaneously by vary its movement and sun light exposure. The variations of measurement are one static panel without any treatment; one static panel with two mirrors as reflector; and one dynamic panel with reflector. The dynamic panel movement controlled by microcontroller. Result had revealed that the treatment succesfully improve the output of solar cell.
Total station is a surveying instrument that combines an electronic distance meter (EDM), an electronic theodolite, and a microprocessor. It can measure horizontal and vertical angles as well as sloping distances to target objects. Total stations provide accurate linear, angular, and elevation measurements and allow for automated data collection in the field. They have largely replaced traditional surveying equipment like tapes, levels, and transits due to their increased speed, accuracy, and capabilities.
Fast and High-Precision 3D Tracking and Position Measurement with MEMS Microm...Ping Hsu
We demonstrate real-time fast-motion tracking of an object in a 3D volume, while obtaining its precise XYZ co-ordinates.
Two separate scanning MEMS micromirror sub-systems track the object in a 20 kHz closed-loop. A demonstration system capable
of tracking full-speed human hand motion provides position information at up to 5m distance with 16-bit precision, or <=20μm
precision on the X and Y axes (up/down, left/right,) and precision on the depth (Z-axis) from 10μm to 1.5mm, depending on distance.
Iaetsd concepts of surveying with totalstation-a latestIaetsd Iaetsd
This document provides an overview of surveying with a total station, which is a modern surveying instrument that integrates an electronic theodolite, distance measuring instrument, and computer. It discusses the components and functions of a total station, including the gun, batteries, environmental box, data collector, focus adjustment knobs, and data screens. The document also covers electronic distance measurement, basic mapping terms, and advantages of using a total station compared to traditional surveying methods.
The accurate prediction of solar irradiation has been
a leading problem for better energy scheduling approach.
Hence in this paper, an Artificial neural network based solar
irradiance is proposed for five days duration the data is
obtained from National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA
and the simulation were performed using MATLAB 2013. It
was found that the neural model was able to predict the solar
irradiance with a mean square error of 0.0355.
Evaluation of dynamics | Gyroscope, Accelerometer, Inertia Measuring Unit and...Robo India
Robo India presents theory and working principles of Inertia Measuring unit (IMU), gyroscope, accelerometer and Kalman Filter. It is an important controlling part of unmanned Arial vehicles (UAV)
We have named it as evaluation of dynamics.
We welcome all of your views and queries, we are found at-
website: http://roboindia.com
mail- info@roboindia.com
46 optimization paper id 0017 edit septianIAESIJEECS
This paper is a comparisation study between an experimental data and Matlab simulation of output PV characteristic affected by the orientation and the tilt angle of a photovoltaic solar module with inclined plane and by the dimension of the panel. The PV panel was rotated towards the east, south and west and positioned for the angles 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°. In this position, the values of current, voltage and power are measured. In the other side, using the mathematical model to calculate the solar radiation incident on an inclined surface as a function of the tilt angle was developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK model. The optimum angles were determined as positions in which maximum values of solar irradiation and maximum power were registered to characterize the P-V and V-I photovoltaic panel.
Development of a solar radiation sensor system with pyranometerIJECEIAES
Solar energy is a result of the nuclear fusion process in the form of a series of thermonuclear events that occur in the Sun's core. Solar radiation has a significant impact on the lives of all living things on earth. The uses, as mentioned earlier, are when the solar radiation received requires a certain amount and vice versa. As a result, a more accurate instrument of solar radiation is required. A specific instrument is typically used to measure solar radiation parameters. There are four solar radiation parameters: diffusion radiation, global radiation, direct radiation, and solar radiation duration. Thus, it needs to use many devices to measure radiation data. The paper designs to measure all four-radiation data by pyranometer with particular modification and shading device. This design results have a high correlation with a global standard with a value of R=0.73, diffusion with a value of R=0.60 and a sufficiently strong direct correlation with a value of R=0.56. It can be said that the system is much simpler, making it easier to monitor and log the various solar radiation parameters.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document describes a satellite tracking system that uses a microcontroller to track a satellite's position and correct its orbit if it drifts from its intended path. The system includes an orbital correction engine that calculates needed adjustments and a tracking processor that monitors the satellite's position over time to detect any deviations. It sends the satellite's location data to an earth station via an RS-232 interface. The microcontroller compares the data to an orbital database and determines corrections to guide the satellite back to its proper orbit. A visual basics program is used to model and simulate the satellite's movement and drift.
Two Axes Sun Tracking System for Heliostat in Algeriaijeei-iaes
In this paper, using Proteus software, sun tracking system with two axes program has developed
and simulated for site of GHARDAIA, in the south of ALGERIA. Two direct current motors have used to
move heliostat in North–South and East–West axis polar, in order to tracking the sun path.In addition, the
distinction between day and night has provided by light dependent resistor (LDR).An algorithm of two axes
sun tracking system hab developed and simulated under Proteus software, after DC motor’s parameters
have verified and simulated under MATLAB software. The results show that: in the first, the development
of the heliostat control requires the knowledge of the position of each heliostat relative to the tower to
ensure the proper operation of the motors, and the uniformity of the reflected beam to the target.Then the
choice of the drive motors is based on the useful power, including the weight of the heliostat, and all efforts
affects on operation of motors in different seasons of the year, like the wind.And The position of the
heliostat depends of chopper duty cycle.Finally,Conducting a power tower with mobile heliostats requires a
techno-economic study on all components (heliostats, tower...) of the plant, for example weather two
motors for each heliostat field.
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering(IOSR-JEEE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electrical and electronics engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electrical and electronics engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Astronomical Almanac’s Algorithm Based Dual Axis Solar TrackerIRJET Journal
This document describes a dual-axis solar tracking system that uses an algorithm based on data from the Astronomical Almanac to automatically position solar panels towards the sun for maximum energy collection. The system includes a weather station to provide real-time environmental data and allow automatic adjustment of the panel position based on changing weather conditions. An IoT application is used to monitor and access data from the solar tracker and sensors remotely. The tracking mechanism orients the panels through horizontal and vertical rotation controlled by servo motors according to the sun-tracking algorithm or manually through the IoT interface.
Solar energy is one of the most promising renewable sources that is currently being used worldwide to contribute for meeting rising demands. In this paper solar irradiance measurement will experimentally carried out in two different regions in Egypt; Cairo and Luxor cities. This paper proposes a simple solar lux measurement using a light dependent resistor (LDR) with an arduino kit. This technique is based on two approaches which are coarse and fine maximum sun lux determination. This is based on the predetermined 260 vertical slop of the LDR. Coarse tuning determines one of the reach sun lux quarter (900) of horizontal quad. The fine tuning allocates the optimized 100 in which; the maximum sun lux can be obtained. The optimal values of sun lux were found between the (90o–180o) quarter. This study confirms that the narrow ten degrees (95o-105o) are the optimized static sun lux extraction for the two site field measurements. This novel technique can be used for locating the angle of best installations for the solar cell at which maximum solar energy can be extracted.
At present, with the development of wind power project in China, there are more and more projects located at the complex terrain and complex environment. At the same time, since the large planned area of project, the complex mountain area, and limited number of met mast, even without met mast, in order to the reliable development of the wind power project, it is important that how to do the wind resource assessment without actual measurement wind data and other conditions such as less reliable wind data, and the met mast was not considered representative. This paper will use the atmospheric model to do mesoscale simulation calculation of wind resources, and then combine with CFD technology to downscaling computation to get high resolution wind power assessment result. Finally, in order to confirm the validity of this application in the actual project, the comparison between calculation values and measurement values is carried out. The verification result through the actual data of different met mast shows that the wind resource assessment method which combines the CFD and mesoscale technologies is reliable. The main contribution of the article is to provide the reference model and approach for regional planning and large scale wind resource assessment when there isn’t enough adequate and effective wind data.
Development of FPGA based Dual Axis Solar Tracking Systemdrboon
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) meet critical timing and performance requirements with parallel processing and real-time control application performance, allowing greater system integration and lower development cost. This paper describes a dual axis solar tracking system is based on astronomical equations. The position of sun at anytime is a function of azimuth and altitude angle values. Azimuth and altitude angle values are collected off line. The prototype of dual axis solar tracking system is developed on FPGA to implement the proposed idea. The system comprises of digital clock module, rise time module and two pulses generator modules. Pulse generator modules employ Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique for controlling two stepper motors for tracking the azimuth and altitude angles. The functionality of various blocks of the system is described in Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Hardware Description Language (VHDL). The control logic has been successfully implemented on Spartan 3E FPGA device. Xilinx ISE 14.1 suit is used for design entry, synthesis and burning the bit stream file into FPGA device. The functional verification has been performed using Xilinx simulator.
Modern surveying techniques provide accurate measurements for civil engineering projects. Techniques like total stations, digital levels, GPS, and data collectors allow surveyors to measure horizontal and vertical angles as well as distances electronically. This improves accuracy and efficiency over traditional methods. Specific applications in civil engineering include road, tunnel, and bridge alignment, infrastructure mapping for urban planning, and construction site layout and monitoring. The summarized data can be imported into CAD software for modeling and analysis. Overall, modern surveying techniques enhance accuracy and productivity for civil engineering design and construction.
Arduino based Dual Axis Smart Solar TrackerIJAEMSJORNAL
Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resource. It is radiant light and heat from the Sun that is harnessed using a range of ever-evolving technologies such as solar heating, photovoltaic, solar thermal energy, solar architecture, molten salt power plants and artificial photosynthesis. Trackers direct solar panels or modules toward the sun. These devices change their orientation throughout the day to follow the sun’s path to maximize energy capture. The use of solar trackers can increase electricity production by around a third, and some claim by as much as 40% in some regions, compared with modules at a fixed angle. In any solar application, the conversion efficiency is improved when the modules are continually adjusted to the optimum angle as the sun traverses the sky. This paper presents the designing of a solar tracking system which is based on Arduino UNO and which provides movement of solar panel in the direction of maximum sun light incident. As a result of which we get more efficient system which is compact, low cost as well as easy to use.
IRJET-LRMSE: A Framework on Lunar Rover for Moon Surface ExplorationIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed lunar rover called LRMSE that would explore the moon's surface. The rover uses a rocker-bogie linkage for terrain movement and has sensors like ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection. It also has cameras, temperature/humidity sensors, and soil moisture sensors. An Arduino board controls the motors and sensors, while a Raspberry Pi is used for image processing to help the rover avoid obstacles by identifying their shape and color. The goal is for the rover to autonomously navigate the lunar surface while gathering data about environmental conditions.
Policing of the Environment by using an Integrated systemIRJET Journal
The document describes a system for monitoring environmental conditions using sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT). The system uses sensors to measure temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, light intensity, and noise levels. The sensor data is sent to an Arduino microcontroller and displayed on an LCD screen. It is also sent via WiFi to the cloud using an ESP8266 module and made available online. The system allows continuous, remote monitoring of environmental parameters to police or assess the environment.
1) The document describes a proposed miniature satellite that would use sensors and machine learning to analyze atmospheric conditions.
2) The satellite would be housed in a 4cm cube and carry sensors to measure pressure, temperature, UV radiation, acceleration and rotation. It would store data on an SD card.
3) The satellite would use multiple linear regression machine learning on the sensor data to predict future atmospheric conditions and satellite trajectories, helping with weather forecasting and research. It aims to make satellites cheaper and easier to deploy.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a vision-based solar tracking system using both light dependent resistor (LDR) sensors and image processing to more efficiently track the sun and maximize solar panel output. The system uses 4 LDR sensors initially to track sunlight intensity changes and orient the solar panel. It then uses a camera and image processing algorithms to identify the sun's position in an image, calculate its centroid coordinates, and provide a corrected tracking measurement to better align the panel with the sun's direct rays. Experimental results show the combined LDR and image processing approach generates more power than a fixed panel or LDR-only tracking system over a 17 hour period.
Solar Tracking For Maximum Utilization Of Solar EnergyIRJET Journal
This document describes a solar tracking system that aims to maximize solar energy utilization by automatically adjusting the position of solar panels to always face the sun. It uses light dependent resistors (LDRs) and a DC motor controlled by a microcontroller to enable one-axis of horizontal tracking automatically and another axis of vertical tracking manually. By more accurately positioning the panels perpendicular to the sun's rays throughout the day, the system can increase energy collection efficiency compared to fixed panels. It discusses the hardware components, control logic, and concludes that such a low-cost tracking system has potential to increase renewable energy access in rural areas.
IOT BASED ENERGY PREDECTION AND THEFT PROTECTED AUTOMATIC SOLAR TRACKER SYSTEMIRJET Journal
1. The document describes an IoT-based solar tracking system that increases solar panel efficiency by keeping the panel aligned with the sun.
2. It uses light dependent resistors and a microcontroller to sense the sun's position and direct a motor to adjust the panel's orientation accordingly.
3. The system also includes features like energy prediction using past voltage data, facial recognition for emotion analysis, and SMS alerts to detect potential theft.
This document describes the design and testing of a solar tracker. The solar tracker was designed with a two-axis system to allow the photovoltaic panel to remain perpendicular to the sun's rays throughout the day. It includes a mechanical structure, four light dependent resistor sensors to detect sunlight, and an electrical control system using Arduino. Testing showed the solar tracker improved electricity production from the photovoltaic panel by 33% compared to keeping the panel at a fixed 30 degree angle. Therefore, the solar tracker is an effective way to maximize energy collection from solar panels.
Similar to IRJET- Implementation of IoT based Dual Axis Photo-Voltaic Solar Tracker with MPPT using Raspberry-Pi and NodeMCU (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...IJECEIAES
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.