This document describes the development of a 3 degree of freedom (DOF) desktop SCARA robot capable of high-speed and precise picking and placing. The robot's design was modeled in Autodesk Inventor and includes two rotational joints to move in a horizontal plane and a prismatic joint for vertical movement. Stepper motors were selected to drive each joint due to their ability to achieve high accuracy and repeatability. The inverse kinematics calculations were performed in MATLAB to convert Cartesian coordinates to motor step positions. A graphical user interface was also designed in MATLAB to control the robot. Testing showed the robot could successfully perform repeatable pick and place operations at its specified speeds and precision.
Design and fabrication of delta robot.pptx igniteAbhishekKash2
A Delta robot is a parallel robot that consists of three arms connected to several joints at the base. The proposed project introduces the two arms planar delta robot which is used for producing high torque for the handling of small objects. Applications - these type of robots is used for picking and placing products in groups and placing them in a container or in an assembly pattern.
IRJET - Design and Manufacturing of Gear Error Profile DetectorIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and manufacturing of a gear error profile detector system. The system uses a conveyor belt to move gears through the system, a camera to capture images of each gear, and software to analyze the images and check gear parameters against stored values. Gears that match the parameters are sorted into an accepted lot, while non-matching gears are ejected into a rejected lot using an ejection mechanism. The system aims to automatically inspect each gear in a batch to check for errors, which was previously a time-consuming manual process. It uses image processing techniques in MATLAB to measure gear properties from images and count teeth for comparison.
IRJET- Development of Mine Detection Robot with 4 Degree of Freedom Robotic ArmIRJET Journal
This document describes the development of a mine detection robot with a 4 degree of freedom robotic arm. The robot is intended to identify bombs in a safe manner by keeping operators at a distance. The robotic arm is designed with 4 joints and links made of acrylic sheets, allowing it to mimic the motion of a human arm. Each joint is actuated by a servo motor providing up to 11kg-cm of torque, allowing the arm to lift its own weight and a payload of up to 600g. The arm is mounted on a mobile base to allow it to be remotely controlled to search areas for mines or bombs. The design prioritizes safety by using the robot to dispose of explosives instead of endangering human lives.
CPREDICTION OF INVERSE KINEMATICS SOLUTION OF A REDUNDANT MANIPULATOR USING A...Ijripublishers Ijri
In this thesis, a method for forward and inverse kinematics analysis of a 5-DOF and a 7- DOF Redundant manipulator
is proposed. Obtaining the trajectory and computing the required joint angles for a higher DOF robot manipulator is one
of the important concerns in robot kinematics and control. The difficulties in solving the inverse kinematics equations
of these redundant robot manipulator arises due to the presence of uncertain, time varying and non-linear nature of
equations having transcendental functions. In this thesis, the ability of ANFIS is used to the generated data for solving
inverse kinematics problem. A single- output Sugeno-type FIS using grid partitioning has been modeled in this work.
The forward kinematics and inverse kinematics for a 5-DOF and 7-DOF manipulator are analyzed systemically. The Efficiency
of ANFIS can be concluded by observing the surface plot, residual plot and normal probability plot. This current
study in using different nonlinear models for the prediction of the IKs of a 5-DOF and 7-DOF Redundant manipulator
will give a valuable source of information for other modellers.
Keywords: 5-DOF and 7-DOF Redundant Robot Manipulator; Inverse kinematics; ANFIS; Denavit-Harbenterg (D-H)
notation.
Here are the key transmission systems used in micro machines:
- Belt drive: Uses belts and pulleys to transmit rotary motion. Provides smooth motion but has
limited torque capacity.
- Gear drive: Uses gears of different sizes/numbers of teeth to increase/decrease speed and
torque. Provides high torque transmission but can be noisy.
- Rack and pinion: Converts rotary to linear motion using a gear and a toothed bar. Used for
linear motion transmission.
- Leadscrew: A threaded shaft used with a nut to convert rotary to linear motion. Provides
smooth linear motion with high precision. Commonly used in CNC machines.
- Hydraulic/pneumatic
Design and Analysis of Articulated Inspection Arm of RobotIJTET Journal
Nowadays Robot play a vital role in all the activities in human life including industrial needs. There is a definite trend in the manufacture of robotic arms toward more dexterous devices, more degrees of-Freedom, and capabilities beyond the human arm. The ultimate objective is to save human lives in addition to increasing productivity and quality of high technology work environments. The objective of this project is to design, analysis of a Generic articulated robot Arm. This project deals with the modeling of a special class of single-link articulated inspection arms of robot. These arms consist of flexible massless structures having some masses concentrated at certain points of hollow sections at the beam. Some aspects of the articulated Robot that are anticipated as useful are its small cross section and its projected ability to change elevation and maneuver over obstacle require large joint torque to weight ratios for joint actuation. A knuckle joint actions actuation scheme is described and its implementation is detailed in this project. The parts of the (AIA) arm are analyzed for deflection and stress concentration under loading conditions in different angles.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of 3-Axis Scara Robot to Sustain 60 N-M Torque...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a 3-axis SCARA robot that can sustain 60 N-m of torque from an electric nutrunner tool. The robot is intended to be low-cost and compact. It will use servo motors for actuation in order to be lightweight compared to hydraulic or pneumatic options. The key steps taken are:
1. Define the robot's 1200x500mm workspace and optimize link lengths to maximize reach.
2. Perform inverse kinematics calculations to determine required joint angles based on known end effector positions.
3. Select rectangular cross-sections for the robot links based on strength requirements from section modulus calculations.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of PLC and SCADA based Robotic Arm for Material...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a PLC and SCADA-controlled robotic arm for material handling. The robotic arm uses pneumatic cylinders connected by joints to move along three axes (X, Y, and Z). A mechanical gripper is attached to the end of the arm to grip objects on a conveyor belt. The movements of the pneumatic cylinders and gripper are controlled by a PLC based on sensor inputs from the conveyor belt. The PLC and robotic arm are integrated with a SCADA system for centralized control and monitoring. The robotic arm is intended to automate repetitive picking and placing tasks to reduce labor costs compared to manual operations.
Design and fabrication of delta robot.pptx igniteAbhishekKash2
A Delta robot is a parallel robot that consists of three arms connected to several joints at the base. The proposed project introduces the two arms planar delta robot which is used for producing high torque for the handling of small objects. Applications - these type of robots is used for picking and placing products in groups and placing them in a container or in an assembly pattern.
IRJET - Design and Manufacturing of Gear Error Profile DetectorIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and manufacturing of a gear error profile detector system. The system uses a conveyor belt to move gears through the system, a camera to capture images of each gear, and software to analyze the images and check gear parameters against stored values. Gears that match the parameters are sorted into an accepted lot, while non-matching gears are ejected into a rejected lot using an ejection mechanism. The system aims to automatically inspect each gear in a batch to check for errors, which was previously a time-consuming manual process. It uses image processing techniques in MATLAB to measure gear properties from images and count teeth for comparison.
IRJET- Development of Mine Detection Robot with 4 Degree of Freedom Robotic ArmIRJET Journal
This document describes the development of a mine detection robot with a 4 degree of freedom robotic arm. The robot is intended to identify bombs in a safe manner by keeping operators at a distance. The robotic arm is designed with 4 joints and links made of acrylic sheets, allowing it to mimic the motion of a human arm. Each joint is actuated by a servo motor providing up to 11kg-cm of torque, allowing the arm to lift its own weight and a payload of up to 600g. The arm is mounted on a mobile base to allow it to be remotely controlled to search areas for mines or bombs. The design prioritizes safety by using the robot to dispose of explosives instead of endangering human lives.
CPREDICTION OF INVERSE KINEMATICS SOLUTION OF A REDUNDANT MANIPULATOR USING A...Ijripublishers Ijri
In this thesis, a method for forward and inverse kinematics analysis of a 5-DOF and a 7- DOF Redundant manipulator
is proposed. Obtaining the trajectory and computing the required joint angles for a higher DOF robot manipulator is one
of the important concerns in robot kinematics and control. The difficulties in solving the inverse kinematics equations
of these redundant robot manipulator arises due to the presence of uncertain, time varying and non-linear nature of
equations having transcendental functions. In this thesis, the ability of ANFIS is used to the generated data for solving
inverse kinematics problem. A single- output Sugeno-type FIS using grid partitioning has been modeled in this work.
The forward kinematics and inverse kinematics for a 5-DOF and 7-DOF manipulator are analyzed systemically. The Efficiency
of ANFIS can be concluded by observing the surface plot, residual plot and normal probability plot. This current
study in using different nonlinear models for the prediction of the IKs of a 5-DOF and 7-DOF Redundant manipulator
will give a valuable source of information for other modellers.
Keywords: 5-DOF and 7-DOF Redundant Robot Manipulator; Inverse kinematics; ANFIS; Denavit-Harbenterg (D-H)
notation.
Here are the key transmission systems used in micro machines:
- Belt drive: Uses belts and pulleys to transmit rotary motion. Provides smooth motion but has
limited torque capacity.
- Gear drive: Uses gears of different sizes/numbers of teeth to increase/decrease speed and
torque. Provides high torque transmission but can be noisy.
- Rack and pinion: Converts rotary to linear motion using a gear and a toothed bar. Used for
linear motion transmission.
- Leadscrew: A threaded shaft used with a nut to convert rotary to linear motion. Provides
smooth linear motion with high precision. Commonly used in CNC machines.
- Hydraulic/pneumatic
Design and Analysis of Articulated Inspection Arm of RobotIJTET Journal
Nowadays Robot play a vital role in all the activities in human life including industrial needs. There is a definite trend in the manufacture of robotic arms toward more dexterous devices, more degrees of-Freedom, and capabilities beyond the human arm. The ultimate objective is to save human lives in addition to increasing productivity and quality of high technology work environments. The objective of this project is to design, analysis of a Generic articulated robot Arm. This project deals with the modeling of a special class of single-link articulated inspection arms of robot. These arms consist of flexible massless structures having some masses concentrated at certain points of hollow sections at the beam. Some aspects of the articulated Robot that are anticipated as useful are its small cross section and its projected ability to change elevation and maneuver over obstacle require large joint torque to weight ratios for joint actuation. A knuckle joint actions actuation scheme is described and its implementation is detailed in this project. The parts of the (AIA) arm are analyzed for deflection and stress concentration under loading conditions in different angles.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of 3-Axis Scara Robot to Sustain 60 N-M Torque...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a 3-axis SCARA robot that can sustain 60 N-m of torque from an electric nutrunner tool. The robot is intended to be low-cost and compact. It will use servo motors for actuation in order to be lightweight compared to hydraulic or pneumatic options. The key steps taken are:
1. Define the robot's 1200x500mm workspace and optimize link lengths to maximize reach.
2. Perform inverse kinematics calculations to determine required joint angles based on known end effector positions.
3. Select rectangular cross-sections for the robot links based on strength requirements from section modulus calculations.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of PLC and SCADA based Robotic Arm for Material...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a PLC and SCADA-controlled robotic arm for material handling. The robotic arm uses pneumatic cylinders connected by joints to move along three axes (X, Y, and Z). A mechanical gripper is attached to the end of the arm to grip objects on a conveyor belt. The movements of the pneumatic cylinders and gripper are controlled by a PLC based on sensor inputs from the conveyor belt. The PLC and robotic arm are integrated with a SCADA system for centralized control and monitoring. The robotic arm is intended to automate repetitive picking and placing tasks to reduce labor costs compared to manual operations.
Design & analysis of needle roller bearing at gudgeon pin of ginning machineeSAT Journals
Abstract
Needle roller bearings have high load carrying capacity although it have small cylindrical roller having low cross section,
thus it used in application where space limitation is the important factor along with high dynamic loading capacity. So in
ginning machine where space is limited for driving the mechanism a Needle roller bearing having diameter of 20 mm is
used in between connecting rod and head pin to give the relative motion between parts. As the continuous impacting of
repetitive load on bearing, it fails with in shorter period of time if proper lubricant is not supplied by grease gun after 2 to 3
hours. While bearing are considered under observation it is found that bearing are fail due to brinnelling. So design and
analysis of needle roller bearing is vital to calculate the life of bearing and to make sure whether this bearing is suitable or
not. So it becomes mandatory in designing to calculate radial load applied on bearing as the bearing is rolling contact
bearing, from this life of the bearing can be calculated and finally analysis by ANSYS software is done to find the result so
that we can conclude for bearing.
Key Words: brinneling, connecting rod, dynamic load capacity, head pin, life, radial load, repetitive load
Automation for Horizontal Plastic Injection Moulding industries at to pick and place sprue (plastic waste) from plastic IMM to granulator within 8 sec reducing cycle time and thus enhancing productivity.Robot works on electro-pneumatic circuit operated by C programmed micro-controller.Design was validated in CATIA V5. The model works on 2 to 4 bar pressure air compressor with flow controlled.The model was designed for 40 to 65 ton machines. Different existing models were studied, industrial survey of 14 companies was done and by design synthesis, swing arm horizontal prototype was made with 1/2 kg payload for sprue.The robust mild steel body had miter bevel gear for power transmission and Teflon slider on aluminium arm.
The best design innovation was that through gravity use, gripper wrist rotation and vertical descend stroke for sprue release was eliminated in motion sequence by adopting swing arm horizontal robot configuration instead of conventional swing arm vertical movement. Also, effective trajectory planning for swing arm cylinder was done.
IRJET- Design and Modeling of Slat Conveyor for Two Wheeler Assembly LineIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and modeling of a slat conveyor for a two-wheeler assembly line. Key aspects of the design include:
- Calculating the required pull force and torque based on the total moving weight of 1200kg across 8 stations.
- Selecting conveyor chain based on a required strength of 4000kgf to withstand the pull force.
- Sizing the motor to provide 0.75kw of power at 9.12rpm to meet the torque and speed requirements at the drive shaft.
- Designing the drive shaft to withstand the maximum bending and torsional moments using a 40mm diameter shaft made of 40Cr4 material.
The conveyor is designed
IRJET- Explicit Dynamic Analysis of Gear Tooth of a Synchromesh Manual Transm...IRJET Journal
This document presents an explicit dynamic analysis of the gear tooth of a manual transmission gearbox. The analysis used finite element modeling and simulation software. Key steps included:
1. Creating a 3D CAD model of the gearbox components in SolidEdge.
2. Importing the model into ABAQUS for meshing and simulation. A dynamic analysis was performed under different loading conditions to determine stress levels.
3. The results showed the displacement of the gears increased over time up to 6mm as the load increased. Stages of the displacement and developing stress were visualized at different time intervals. The maximum contact stress between gear surfaces was also determined.
This document discusses the design and implementation of a DELTA parallel robot. It describes the key components of a DELTA robot including the triangular base with three arms attached at uniform joints. Each arm is connected to an actuator and separated by 120 degrees. The robot consists of two links where a pair of parallel bars comprises the lower link, restricting movement to three translations along the X, Y, and Z axes. Popular applications of DELTA robots include high-speed packaging and medical/pharmaceutical uses due to their stiffness. Several variants of DELTA robots have been developed with different degrees of freedom.
IRJET- Design and Development of Portable 3-Axis CNC Router MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a portable 3-axis CNC router machine. The machine was designed to reduce cost and complexity compared to bulkier engraving machines. It can be used for engraving, cutting, drilling, and milling of materials like wood, acrylic, and PCBs. The design of the machine involved modeling in Creo software and considering factors like required forces, motor torques, and material selections. Tests showed the machine could carve designs in wood and acrylic with 99.9% accuracy and 100% depth accuracy within a 280x170x65mm work area.
Design and Optimization of Steering SystemIRJET Journal
1. The document describes the design and optimization of a steering system for a Formula-style racing vehicle.
2. An Ackerman steering geometry is selected to maximize the turning angles of the inside and outside wheels. Calculations are shown to design the steering ratio and turning radius.
3. The steering system design includes a bevel gear transmission to increase the motion from the steering wheel to the rack-and-pinion system. This provides greater turning angles for the wheels compared to a universal joint transmission.
Speed Observer Based Load Angle Control of Induction Motor DriveIDES Editor
The performance of induction motor drives
gets improved in the scalar control mode with various
algorithms with speed /position feedback. In this paper
load angle control of induction motor with speed observer
is presented. This eliminates the physical presence of
speed sensor. The basic control of rotor flux vector with
stator current defines the dynamics of torque control. In
this scheme, estimation of feedback variables is obtained
by using algorithm with minimum number of machine
parameters. The speed obtained is thus used in feedback
loop to improve the machine performance. The proposed
algorithm also has a capability to estimate the active and
reactive power of the machine. This is further
incorporated to improve the operating efficiency of the
machine. The observer developed is tested for various
dynamics condition to verify its operating performance in
MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Design and Development of Treadmill to Generate Electricity by Using Mechanic...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a treadmill that can generate electricity using mechanical energy. The treadmill is designed with a brushless DC generator coupled to the belt which converts the mechanical energy of walking or running on the treadmill into electrical energy. This energy can be used to charge a battery or power small devices. The design details the components of the treadmill such as the shaft, belt, bearings and generator. It also provides the specifications and diagrams of the system. The system interfaces sensors like a tachometer and IR sensor with a microcontroller to measure and display various parameters like speed, distance, time, date, calories burned and heart rate on an LCD screen. The goal is to utilize the wasted mechanical
Design and Implementation of Conveyor Belt Speed Control using PID for Indust...ijtsrd
A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials from one location to another. Many kinds of conveying systems are available, and are used according to the various needs of different industries. The purpose of this project is to improve the existing conveyor machine that located at the methodology lab in AL FALAH UNIVERSITY. This paper gives a review of the belt conveyor technology that focuses on the types of drives and the control system or the controller of the belt conveyor using PID controller. This paper highlights the characteristics, performance measure, requirements and the operational procedure of the belt conveyor drives and control systems. Muhammad Shahid | Md Ghaysuddin "Design and Implementation of Conveyor Belt Speed Control using PID for Industrial Applications" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25294.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/25294/design-and-implementation-of-conveyor-belt-speed-control-using-pid-for-industrial-applications/muhammad-shahid
Design and development of a telemanipulated welding robot with visual and hap...eSAT Journals
Abstract
In today’s world a large proportion of human effort is replaced by robots most of this change is visible in the field of manufacturing industries where in many works previously done by human beings are performed by machines or robots with minimal human interface. The problem with these human operated robots is that the operator and the workplace are at completely different places and the operator has no idea of the workplace and has to operate the machine using devices such as joysticks without knowing how the machine is operating, so in our paper we wish to develop a tele manipulating welding robot which mimics the action of the operator and also is complemented by visual and haptic feedback where in the entire setup would be placed on a mobile base.
Keywords: Human Interface, Telemanipulation, Visual Feedback, Haptic Feedback.
IRJET- Automated Machine Design through Software Controller SupportIRJET Journal
The document proposes an automated machine design that uses a software controller to support a continuous cyclic mechanism for energy generation. It involves using components like a ball nut screw, gear shafts, coils of wire, and an Arduino controller to convert mechanical motion from a house jack into rotational motion that drives the coils to generate electricity, and then uses the generated electricity to power the jack in a self-sustaining cycle. The goal is to create a machine that can generate power continuously without relying on external energy sources like fossil fuels.
IRJET- Design and FEA of Portal Axle for SUV VehiclesIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and finite element analysis of a portal axle for SUV vehicles. The authors designed a helical gear train portal axle with two idler gears for a Scorpio S2 SUV. The portal axle gear train was modeled in SOLIDWORKS and analyzed using ANSYS 16.0 software to determine stresses. An experimental setup was used to test the torque transmission capacity of the designed portal axle. The analysis showed that the portal axle design increased ground clearance and torque transmission capacity, improving the SUV's performance in off-road conditions.
An automatic whiteboard cleaner is a device that is generally used to clean the board automatically with the help of a mechanically driven duster. By the use of this automatic whiteboard cleaner, we can save time and energy. It is a new technology that is generally used now a day. The principal object of the present automatic whiteboard cleaner is to provide an attachment for the whiteboard in the form of a power-driven erasing apparatus which can be set in operation by the throw of a switch, thus eliminating the drudgery of manually cleaning the whiteboard. The utility model relates to teaching aid. The prior whiteboard has no automatic cleaning function, a teacher wastes time in writing and erasing, and the use is not ideal. The method of cleaning the board manually also decreases the interaction time between the teachers and students. A teacher spends about one minute on average to clean the board fully. But here our proposed structure is simple; more economical; the use is convenient, clean, and sanitary; and the effect of saving time is good.
Paper cutting & rewinding machine project report SREESANGH P GHOSHSreesangh P Ghosh
The document provides details about the components of a paper cutting and rewinding machine. The main components are a rigid frame, four rollers mounted on plummer blocks with ball bearings to support rotation, a 1 Hp induction motor, a single V-belt and pulley system to transfer motion from the motor to one roller, a C-clamp cutter to cut paper, and nuts and bolts to assemble the components. The machine cuts paper and rewinds it onto rolls in a simple, compact design suitable for small industries.
Study of Fabrication of Multipurpose Tooling MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a multi-purpose tooling machine. The machine allows five operations - drilling, shaping, cutting, buffing, and grinding - to be performed simultaneously using a single machine. This is more efficient than separate machines for each operation as it saves space, time, and costs for industries. The machine uses a belt drive system connected to pulleys and bevel gears to transfer power from an electric motor to shafts that drive the various tools. A scotch yoke mechanism is also used to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion for shaping. The machine aims to improve productivity while reducing production costs for industries.
The document describes the design and fabrication of an automatic feeding mechanism for a power hacksaw machine. It was created by 4 students as their mini project to fulfill their Bachelor of Engineering degree requirements. The mechanism uses an AC motor, bearings, pulleys, a push button, square plate and shaft to automatically feed a bar into the power hacksaw machine at regular time intervals for improved accuracy and efficiency over manual feeding. The students modeled the mechanism in CATIA V5 and described the fabrication process and components in detail.
Wheeled robots are often utilized for various remote sensing and telerobotic applications because of their ability to navigate through dynamic environments, mostly under the partial control of a human operator. To make these robots capable to traverse through terrains of rough and uneven topography, their driving mechanisms and controllers must be very efficient at producing and controlling large mechanical power with great precision in real-time, however small the robot may be. This paper discusses an approach for designing a quad-wheeled robot, which is wirelessly controlled with a personal computer (PC) by medium-range radio frequency (RF) transceiver, to navigate through unpaved paths with little or no difficulty. An efficient servo-controlled Ackerman steering mechanism and a high-torque driving power-train were developed. The robot’s controller is programmed to receive and respond to RF control signals from the PC to perform the desired motions. The dynamics of the robot’s drivetrain is modeled and analyzed on MATLAB to predict its performances. The robot was tested on various topographies to determine its physical capabilities. Results show that the robot is capable of non-holonomically constrained motions on rough and uneven terrains.
Design and fabrication of prototype of multipurpose machine for sheet metal o...eSAT Journals
Abstract Sheet metal is basically a thin sheet of metal by using several operations. Nowadays it has become one of the most
important and fundamental forms in metalworking.[10] the advantage of sheet metal is that it can be bent into variety of
desired shapes. Lots of everyday objects are being manufactured using sheet metal. Sheet metal is mainly used for various
aerodynamically shaped car bodies, airplane wings, architecture and many other applications.[9] dent removing/rolling, cutting
and v-grooving are the most widely used operations in the fabrication industry. The conventional machines could only carry out
any of the above operations simultaneously. If these operations can be done on a single machine, it would not only make work quite
easy and less tedious but also increases profitability .moreover, conventional machines are often hand operated for small scale industry
applications. Also the time taken on these separate machines that is the overall lead time decreases by making them power
operated, resulting in lower cost and higher productivity. Our project is to encompass these operations onto a single machine
successfully. Keywords: Sheet Metal, Rolling, Cutting, V-Grooving
The document discusses various types of automation in welding processes including manual, semi-automatic, automatic, automated, remote, and robotic welding. It describes the key stages in a welding operation sequence and provides examples of different techniques used for automation in welding applications from the 1920s to present day. Specific automation techniques are highlighted for different welding processes based on factors like production volume and part geometry.
IRJET- Automation on PA Grading Machine for Cable FormingIRJET Journal
This document describes an automation system developed for a PA grading machine used in cable forming. The system aims to reduce cable wastage and make the process more efficient by automating key functions. The main components of the automation system include two DC motors (one for drum movement and one for cutting), a motor driver to control motor speed and direction, an infrared sensor as an encoder to count drum turns, and an Arduino Uno microcontroller to operate and control the machine. The automation system is designed to automatically wind cable onto the drum, count the number of turns, and trigger cutting after a set number of turns to reduce waste and labor compared to manual operation. Test results found that the prototype system could accurately form and cut cable with
IRJET- Automated Gear Transmission in Two Wheelers using Embedded SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an embedded system project that aims to automate the manual transmission on motorcycles. The system uses an AVR microcontroller programmed in C to control relays and a stepper motor based on input from a proximity sensor on the rear wheel. This allows the gear selection to shift automatically based on rear wheel speed. The microcontroller is programmed with thresholds for gear changes based on pulses detected by the sensor over time. A flowchart represents the program logic. The system was designed and simulated using Proteus software and the Arduino IDE. It aims to improve driving ease and efficiency over traditional manual transmission motorcycles.
Design & analysis of needle roller bearing at gudgeon pin of ginning machineeSAT Journals
Abstract
Needle roller bearings have high load carrying capacity although it have small cylindrical roller having low cross section,
thus it used in application where space limitation is the important factor along with high dynamic loading capacity. So in
ginning machine where space is limited for driving the mechanism a Needle roller bearing having diameter of 20 mm is
used in between connecting rod and head pin to give the relative motion between parts. As the continuous impacting of
repetitive load on bearing, it fails with in shorter period of time if proper lubricant is not supplied by grease gun after 2 to 3
hours. While bearing are considered under observation it is found that bearing are fail due to brinnelling. So design and
analysis of needle roller bearing is vital to calculate the life of bearing and to make sure whether this bearing is suitable or
not. So it becomes mandatory in designing to calculate radial load applied on bearing as the bearing is rolling contact
bearing, from this life of the bearing can be calculated and finally analysis by ANSYS software is done to find the result so
that we can conclude for bearing.
Key Words: brinneling, connecting rod, dynamic load capacity, head pin, life, radial load, repetitive load
Automation for Horizontal Plastic Injection Moulding industries at to pick and place sprue (plastic waste) from plastic IMM to granulator within 8 sec reducing cycle time and thus enhancing productivity.Robot works on electro-pneumatic circuit operated by C programmed micro-controller.Design was validated in CATIA V5. The model works on 2 to 4 bar pressure air compressor with flow controlled.The model was designed for 40 to 65 ton machines. Different existing models were studied, industrial survey of 14 companies was done and by design synthesis, swing arm horizontal prototype was made with 1/2 kg payload for sprue.The robust mild steel body had miter bevel gear for power transmission and Teflon slider on aluminium arm.
The best design innovation was that through gravity use, gripper wrist rotation and vertical descend stroke for sprue release was eliminated in motion sequence by adopting swing arm horizontal robot configuration instead of conventional swing arm vertical movement. Also, effective trajectory planning for swing arm cylinder was done.
IRJET- Design and Modeling of Slat Conveyor for Two Wheeler Assembly LineIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and modeling of a slat conveyor for a two-wheeler assembly line. Key aspects of the design include:
- Calculating the required pull force and torque based on the total moving weight of 1200kg across 8 stations.
- Selecting conveyor chain based on a required strength of 4000kgf to withstand the pull force.
- Sizing the motor to provide 0.75kw of power at 9.12rpm to meet the torque and speed requirements at the drive shaft.
- Designing the drive shaft to withstand the maximum bending and torsional moments using a 40mm diameter shaft made of 40Cr4 material.
The conveyor is designed
IRJET- Explicit Dynamic Analysis of Gear Tooth of a Synchromesh Manual Transm...IRJET Journal
This document presents an explicit dynamic analysis of the gear tooth of a manual transmission gearbox. The analysis used finite element modeling and simulation software. Key steps included:
1. Creating a 3D CAD model of the gearbox components in SolidEdge.
2. Importing the model into ABAQUS for meshing and simulation. A dynamic analysis was performed under different loading conditions to determine stress levels.
3. The results showed the displacement of the gears increased over time up to 6mm as the load increased. Stages of the displacement and developing stress were visualized at different time intervals. The maximum contact stress between gear surfaces was also determined.
This document discusses the design and implementation of a DELTA parallel robot. It describes the key components of a DELTA robot including the triangular base with three arms attached at uniform joints. Each arm is connected to an actuator and separated by 120 degrees. The robot consists of two links where a pair of parallel bars comprises the lower link, restricting movement to three translations along the X, Y, and Z axes. Popular applications of DELTA robots include high-speed packaging and medical/pharmaceutical uses due to their stiffness. Several variants of DELTA robots have been developed with different degrees of freedom.
IRJET- Design and Development of Portable 3-Axis CNC Router MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a portable 3-axis CNC router machine. The machine was designed to reduce cost and complexity compared to bulkier engraving machines. It can be used for engraving, cutting, drilling, and milling of materials like wood, acrylic, and PCBs. The design of the machine involved modeling in Creo software and considering factors like required forces, motor torques, and material selections. Tests showed the machine could carve designs in wood and acrylic with 99.9% accuracy and 100% depth accuracy within a 280x170x65mm work area.
Design and Optimization of Steering SystemIRJET Journal
1. The document describes the design and optimization of a steering system for a Formula-style racing vehicle.
2. An Ackerman steering geometry is selected to maximize the turning angles of the inside and outside wheels. Calculations are shown to design the steering ratio and turning radius.
3. The steering system design includes a bevel gear transmission to increase the motion from the steering wheel to the rack-and-pinion system. This provides greater turning angles for the wheels compared to a universal joint transmission.
Speed Observer Based Load Angle Control of Induction Motor DriveIDES Editor
The performance of induction motor drives
gets improved in the scalar control mode with various
algorithms with speed /position feedback. In this paper
load angle control of induction motor with speed observer
is presented. This eliminates the physical presence of
speed sensor. The basic control of rotor flux vector with
stator current defines the dynamics of torque control. In
this scheme, estimation of feedback variables is obtained
by using algorithm with minimum number of machine
parameters. The speed obtained is thus used in feedback
loop to improve the machine performance. The proposed
algorithm also has a capability to estimate the active and
reactive power of the machine. This is further
incorporated to improve the operating efficiency of the
machine. The observer developed is tested for various
dynamics condition to verify its operating performance in
MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Design and Development of Treadmill to Generate Electricity by Using Mechanic...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a treadmill that can generate electricity using mechanical energy. The treadmill is designed with a brushless DC generator coupled to the belt which converts the mechanical energy of walking or running on the treadmill into electrical energy. This energy can be used to charge a battery or power small devices. The design details the components of the treadmill such as the shaft, belt, bearings and generator. It also provides the specifications and diagrams of the system. The system interfaces sensors like a tachometer and IR sensor with a microcontroller to measure and display various parameters like speed, distance, time, date, calories burned and heart rate on an LCD screen. The goal is to utilize the wasted mechanical
Design and Implementation of Conveyor Belt Speed Control using PID for Indust...ijtsrd
A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials from one location to another. Many kinds of conveying systems are available, and are used according to the various needs of different industries. The purpose of this project is to improve the existing conveyor machine that located at the methodology lab in AL FALAH UNIVERSITY. This paper gives a review of the belt conveyor technology that focuses on the types of drives and the control system or the controller of the belt conveyor using PID controller. This paper highlights the characteristics, performance measure, requirements and the operational procedure of the belt conveyor drives and control systems. Muhammad Shahid | Md Ghaysuddin "Design and Implementation of Conveyor Belt Speed Control using PID for Industrial Applications" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25294.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/25294/design-and-implementation-of-conveyor-belt-speed-control-using-pid-for-industrial-applications/muhammad-shahid
Design and development of a telemanipulated welding robot with visual and hap...eSAT Journals
Abstract
In today’s world a large proportion of human effort is replaced by robots most of this change is visible in the field of manufacturing industries where in many works previously done by human beings are performed by machines or robots with minimal human interface. The problem with these human operated robots is that the operator and the workplace are at completely different places and the operator has no idea of the workplace and has to operate the machine using devices such as joysticks without knowing how the machine is operating, so in our paper we wish to develop a tele manipulating welding robot which mimics the action of the operator and also is complemented by visual and haptic feedback where in the entire setup would be placed on a mobile base.
Keywords: Human Interface, Telemanipulation, Visual Feedback, Haptic Feedback.
IRJET- Automated Machine Design through Software Controller SupportIRJET Journal
The document proposes an automated machine design that uses a software controller to support a continuous cyclic mechanism for energy generation. It involves using components like a ball nut screw, gear shafts, coils of wire, and an Arduino controller to convert mechanical motion from a house jack into rotational motion that drives the coils to generate electricity, and then uses the generated electricity to power the jack in a self-sustaining cycle. The goal is to create a machine that can generate power continuously without relying on external energy sources like fossil fuels.
IRJET- Design and FEA of Portal Axle for SUV VehiclesIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and finite element analysis of a portal axle for SUV vehicles. The authors designed a helical gear train portal axle with two idler gears for a Scorpio S2 SUV. The portal axle gear train was modeled in SOLIDWORKS and analyzed using ANSYS 16.0 software to determine stresses. An experimental setup was used to test the torque transmission capacity of the designed portal axle. The analysis showed that the portal axle design increased ground clearance and torque transmission capacity, improving the SUV's performance in off-road conditions.
An automatic whiteboard cleaner is a device that is generally used to clean the board automatically with the help of a mechanically driven duster. By the use of this automatic whiteboard cleaner, we can save time and energy. It is a new technology that is generally used now a day. The principal object of the present automatic whiteboard cleaner is to provide an attachment for the whiteboard in the form of a power-driven erasing apparatus which can be set in operation by the throw of a switch, thus eliminating the drudgery of manually cleaning the whiteboard. The utility model relates to teaching aid. The prior whiteboard has no automatic cleaning function, a teacher wastes time in writing and erasing, and the use is not ideal. The method of cleaning the board manually also decreases the interaction time between the teachers and students. A teacher spends about one minute on average to clean the board fully. But here our proposed structure is simple; more economical; the use is convenient, clean, and sanitary; and the effect of saving time is good.
Paper cutting & rewinding machine project report SREESANGH P GHOSHSreesangh P Ghosh
The document provides details about the components of a paper cutting and rewinding machine. The main components are a rigid frame, four rollers mounted on plummer blocks with ball bearings to support rotation, a 1 Hp induction motor, a single V-belt and pulley system to transfer motion from the motor to one roller, a C-clamp cutter to cut paper, and nuts and bolts to assemble the components. The machine cuts paper and rewinds it onto rolls in a simple, compact design suitable for small industries.
Study of Fabrication of Multipurpose Tooling MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a multi-purpose tooling machine. The machine allows five operations - drilling, shaping, cutting, buffing, and grinding - to be performed simultaneously using a single machine. This is more efficient than separate machines for each operation as it saves space, time, and costs for industries. The machine uses a belt drive system connected to pulleys and bevel gears to transfer power from an electric motor to shafts that drive the various tools. A scotch yoke mechanism is also used to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion for shaping. The machine aims to improve productivity while reducing production costs for industries.
The document describes the design and fabrication of an automatic feeding mechanism for a power hacksaw machine. It was created by 4 students as their mini project to fulfill their Bachelor of Engineering degree requirements. The mechanism uses an AC motor, bearings, pulleys, a push button, square plate and shaft to automatically feed a bar into the power hacksaw machine at regular time intervals for improved accuracy and efficiency over manual feeding. The students modeled the mechanism in CATIA V5 and described the fabrication process and components in detail.
Wheeled robots are often utilized for various remote sensing and telerobotic applications because of their ability to navigate through dynamic environments, mostly under the partial control of a human operator. To make these robots capable to traverse through terrains of rough and uneven topography, their driving mechanisms and controllers must be very efficient at producing and controlling large mechanical power with great precision in real-time, however small the robot may be. This paper discusses an approach for designing a quad-wheeled robot, which is wirelessly controlled with a personal computer (PC) by medium-range radio frequency (RF) transceiver, to navigate through unpaved paths with little or no difficulty. An efficient servo-controlled Ackerman steering mechanism and a high-torque driving power-train were developed. The robot’s controller is programmed to receive and respond to RF control signals from the PC to perform the desired motions. The dynamics of the robot’s drivetrain is modeled and analyzed on MATLAB to predict its performances. The robot was tested on various topographies to determine its physical capabilities. Results show that the robot is capable of non-holonomically constrained motions on rough and uneven terrains.
Design and fabrication of prototype of multipurpose machine for sheet metal o...eSAT Journals
Abstract Sheet metal is basically a thin sheet of metal by using several operations. Nowadays it has become one of the most
important and fundamental forms in metalworking.[10] the advantage of sheet metal is that it can be bent into variety of
desired shapes. Lots of everyday objects are being manufactured using sheet metal. Sheet metal is mainly used for various
aerodynamically shaped car bodies, airplane wings, architecture and many other applications.[9] dent removing/rolling, cutting
and v-grooving are the most widely used operations in the fabrication industry. The conventional machines could only carry out
any of the above operations simultaneously. If these operations can be done on a single machine, it would not only make work quite
easy and less tedious but also increases profitability .moreover, conventional machines are often hand operated for small scale industry
applications. Also the time taken on these separate machines that is the overall lead time decreases by making them power
operated, resulting in lower cost and higher productivity. Our project is to encompass these operations onto a single machine
successfully. Keywords: Sheet Metal, Rolling, Cutting, V-Grooving
The document discusses various types of automation in welding processes including manual, semi-automatic, automatic, automated, remote, and robotic welding. It describes the key stages in a welding operation sequence and provides examples of different techniques used for automation in welding applications from the 1920s to present day. Specific automation techniques are highlighted for different welding processes based on factors like production volume and part geometry.
IRJET- Automation on PA Grading Machine for Cable FormingIRJET Journal
This document describes an automation system developed for a PA grading machine used in cable forming. The system aims to reduce cable wastage and make the process more efficient by automating key functions. The main components of the automation system include two DC motors (one for drum movement and one for cutting), a motor driver to control motor speed and direction, an infrared sensor as an encoder to count drum turns, and an Arduino Uno microcontroller to operate and control the machine. The automation system is designed to automatically wind cable onto the drum, count the number of turns, and trigger cutting after a set number of turns to reduce waste and labor compared to manual operation. Test results found that the prototype system could accurately form and cut cable with
IRJET- Automated Gear Transmission in Two Wheelers using Embedded SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an embedded system project that aims to automate the manual transmission on motorcycles. The system uses an AVR microcontroller programmed in C to control relays and a stepper motor based on input from a proximity sensor on the rear wheel. This allows the gear selection to shift automatically based on rear wheel speed. The microcontroller is programmed with thresholds for gear changes based on pulses detected by the sensor over time. A flowchart represents the program logic. The system was designed and simulated using Proteus software and the Arduino IDE. It aims to improve driving ease and efficiency over traditional manual transmission motorcycles.
The document describes an automatic gold sphere drill machine that aims to minimize manual drilling issues like cracks, breaks, and other defects. The machine uses an Arduino Uno, Atmega 16 microcontroller, stepper motors, servo motors, DC motors, a display, keypad, and power supply controlled by a mechanical arm. Gold spheres are placed on a conveyor belt and fixed into tray holes. The microcontroller initializes the motors to start an automated drilling process using mechanical arms and a drill bit sized for gold necklace threading. This automatic process is intended to avoid reworking spheres due to issues from manual drilling.
IRJET - Controlling 4 DOF Robotic ARM with 3-Axis Accelerometer and Flex ...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study that uses an accelerometer and flex sensor to control a 4 degree of freedom robotic arm. The robotic arm is 3D printed and has a motherboard to control stepper motors in each joint. An ADXL345 acceleration sensor provides axis values from two gloves to control movement of the four joints. A flex sensor on one glove controls the gripper. The system aims to allow autonomous control of the robotic arm through human hand motions detected by the sensors. Key components of the robotic arm like the motherboard, stepper motors, and sensors are described in detail.
Indigenously Design Development and Motion Control of Multi-DoF Robotic Manip...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a 6 degree of freedom (DOF) robotic manipulator. The key points are:
1) The mechanical design of the robotic arm is discussed, including the use of aluminum 7075 material, timing belt-pulley mechanisms to increase torque, and a functional gripper.
2) The forward and inverse kinematics models are derived based on the Denavit-Hartenberg convention. Expressions for the joint variables in terms of the end-effector pose are provided for inverse kinematics.
3) The robot dynamics are modeled using the Euler-Lagrange formulation to describe the relationship between joint torques and accelerations. Transfer functions for the DC motors are
Design and Implementation of a Dual Stage Operational AmplifierIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a dual stage operational amplifier using Miller compensation technique. It begins with an introduction to operational amplifiers and issues with single stage designs. It then provides details on the small signal model and equations for an uncompensated and Miller compensated dual stage opamp. The document outlines the design procedure and calculations to determine the transistor aspect ratios. It presents the schematic of the designed opamp along with simulation results showing improved gain, phase margin and gain bandwidth compared to an uncompensated design. In conclusion, Miller compensation is shown to effectively improve the stability and performance of the dual stage operational amplifier design.
This document describes the design and implementation of an autonomous floor cleaning robot. The robot has two cleaning modes: autonomous and manual. In autonomous mode, the robot uses sensors like an ultrasonic sensor and laser TOF sensor to navigate rooms in a zigzag "S-shape" pattern while avoiding obstacles. It can perform both dry sweeping and wet mopping functions. In manual mode, a user controls the robot via a smartphone app and Bluetooth to navigate areas manually. The robot is built using components like an Arduino Mega microcontroller, motors, motor drivers, sensors and a vacuum/mopping unit. It aims to make cleaning more efficient by automating the process. The researchers conclude the robot demonstrates around 80% cleaning
IRJET- Implementation of Data Acquisition System (DAQ) in an All Terrain Vehi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the implementation of a data acquisition system on an all-terrain vehicle to measure various vehicle parameters. The system uses sensors to measure parameters like engine RPM, road shocks from bumps and corners, and acceleration time over a distance. The sensors send data to a microcontroller for processing. The document compares calculated values for these parameters to recorded values from experiments. The results show close agreement between calculations and recordings, validating the vehicle design parameters.
IRJET-3 Fabrication of Pedal Assist BicycleIRJET Journal
1) The document describes the fabrication of a pedal assist bicycle that uses a permanent magnet DC motor, gyroscope sensor, battery, and sprockets to provide electric assistance to reduce the effort of pedaling.
2) A prototype was developed with a 150W DC motor, 12V lead-acid battery, gyroscope sensor to detect pedaling and control the motor speed, and sprockets to transmit power between the pedals, motor and rear wheel.
3) Testing showed the electric assistance helped reduce the difficulty of climbing slopes or riding on rough terrain while keeping the bicycle environmentally friendly.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Chain Drive Power Transmission from Station...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a chain drive power transmission system that can transmit power from a stationary source to oscillating devices. The system uses a modified chain with conical teeth that can automatically slide and lock into conical sockets on a driven wheel as the wheel oscillates between -45° and +45°. The design includes a chain section, driver section, and driven section. An analysis of the chain section was conducted using ANSYS software to evaluate stresses and ensure optimal performance. The results show this alternating transmission system can replace machines using multiple drives with a single drive and has applications where power needs to be transmitted to oscillating mechanisms.
IRJET- Mini CNC Drawing Machine for PCB PrintingIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a mini CNC drawing machine for PCB printing. The machine uses an Arduino Uno, CNC shield V3, stepper motors for X and Y axis movement, and a servo motor to control the pen. An image is processed using Benbox software and sent as G-code commands to the Arduino board. The stepper motors convert rotational motion to linear motion using threaded shafts, plain shafts, bearings, and sliders. The servo motor controls pen movement for drawing. The mini CNC machine was designed to be low-cost and can accurately print circuit board layouts for prototyping. Future work may include scaling up the design and adapting it for other applications
Robots play important roles in day to day
activities of human endeavour and can perform
complex tasks speedily and accurately. Robots are
employed to imitate human behaviours and then
apply these behaviours to the skills that lead to
achieving a certain task in solving the challenges
faced by impaired people in society. This robotic arm
was achieved using light-weight steel iron for the
frames, a moderate torque MG995 Towerpro, and
servo motor. Two Atmega328 Arduino
microcontroller was employed to control the motors
through the use of pulse width modulation
technique. Mathematical models were developed for
the mechanism to represent the kinematics involved
at each joint with mathematical variables. Then, the
stability of the system was carried out using a step
input signal being a type zero system.
IRJET- Simulation and Kinematic Analysis of MTAB ARISTO RobotIRJET Journal
This document discusses the simulation and kinematic analysis of the MTAB ARISTO robot. It begins by providing background on the robot, including its range of motion and applications. It then defines the Denavit-Hartenberg parameters used to describe the robot's kinematic model. Next, it covers forward and inverse kinematics calculations done using the RoboAnalyzer software. Graphs of the robot's link and joint positions, velocities, and accelerations are presented. The document concludes that the MTAB ARISTO robot is suitable for applications like welding curved paths due to its ability to accurately follow trajectories as determined through kinematic analysis and simulation.
This document describes an automatic coil winding machine that aims to reduce the time required for making coils compared to a manual coil winding process. The automatic coil winding machine uses an Arduino microcontroller to control servo motors for precise winding. It has digital displays to show the number of turns and status indicators. The Arduino processes the input data and sends signals to the servo motor, which rotates a master die mechanism to precisely wind wire into slots. This automatic design aims to lower manufacturing costs and increase productivity compared to manual winding.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes a metal processing company that produces automated packing machines using complex spatial cams. The researchers used the Lean manufacturing method to simplify the production process of these cams. They modeled a spatial cam using SolidWorks software and created a mathematical model of its motion law using Matlab software. This allowed them to determine the optimal motion for the cam that minimized production time.
The Lean manufacturing is important for many companies which want to eliminatethe waste and improve the quality.The research paper presents analysis of the metal processing company that makes packing automatics with the spatial cams of complex geometry, which allows specifying the law of motion of the spatial cam. The MatLab software has been used for the work
IRJET-Design and Development of Automatic Coil Winding MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of an automatic coil winding machine. Key features include:
- It uses two stepper motors controlled by an Arduino board to automate the winding process and improve precision.
- One motor controls axial movement of the slider using a threaded shaft. The other controls rotation of the armature.
- Design components like the threaded shaft, base plate, and couplings were analyzed using CREO and ANSYS to evaluate stresses and deformations.
- The automatic design is more precise and efficient than manual winding, and provides an inexpensive, small-scale option for educational or small production settings.
IRJET - Smartphone and it uses to Control Agricultural RobotIRJET Journal
This document describes a project to control an agricultural robot using a smartphone. The robot would use components like an Arduino board, Raspberry Pi, Bluetooth module, DC motors, and motor drivers to automate agricultural tasks like plowing, seeding, watering. This would help address issues like increasing global food demand and lack of skilled agricultural labor. The system would allow a user to control the robot's movements and functions using a smartphone over Bluetooth connection. The document provides background on the components used and how a rack and pinion gear system would enable converting motor rotation into linear robotic motion.
This document describes a joystick-operated steering system for cars to assist handicapped individuals. The system replaces the conventional steering wheel with a joystick, control unit, electric motor, and gearbox. The joystick provides signals to the control unit which powers the motor. The gearbox magnifies the motor's torque and connects to the steering column. The system aims to reduce the effort required for steering to allow handicapped people to drive independently. It discusses the design of the gearbox components, selection of a suitable joystick, motor specifications, and bearing selection. The conclusion states that this system enables handicapped individuals to drive with less strength and reduces their dependency on others.
Design and Development of Ackerman Steering System for Formula Student VehicleIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and development of an Ackerman steering system for a Formula Student race car. Key aspects include:
1. The system uses a rack and pinion steering mechanism to convert rotational motion from the steering wheel into linear motion to turn the wheels.
2. Design specifications like turning radius, inner/outer wheel angles, and steering ratio were determined based on vehicle requirements and Ackerman steering geometry.
3. Detailed calculations were performed to design components like the steering arm, tie rods, steering column, and select bearings.
4. CAD modeling and FEA analysis were conducted to validate component designs and analyze stresses.
5. The steering system was tested using constant
Similar to IRJET- A Desktop SCARA Robot using Stepper Motors (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.