This document provides information about an inverter, including: 1. The group project is about inverters, with group members listed. An inverter converts DC to AC power and can vary the frequency and voltage depending on its design. 2. Inverters can produce different waveforms including square, modified square, and sine waves. A square wave inverter uses a switching scheme with a full bridge converter to synthesize an AC output from a DC input. 3. Batteries can be connected in series to increase voltage or parallel to increase capacity and runtime for the inverter. Pulse width modulation (PWM) technology helps keep the inverter's AC output voltage stable under different loads.

1. TITLE : INVERTER
Course instructor : Rethwan Faiz
Subject : Industrial Electronics
Sec : C
Group : 06
Group member:
1. Hossain MD Saroar 14-27032-2
2. Rahman, Ahmed Rezaur 14-25536-1
3. Atik, Md Ataul Karim 14-25862-1
4. Ali, Md Niyamot 14-26531-2
5. Hasan Md Mehedi 14-26521-2

2. INVERTE
RDC AC
• Inverter converts DC power to AC power (any frequency & any
voltage)
• Based on circuit design its frequency & voltage varies
• It can be entirely electronic or may be a combination of
mechanical effects (such as a rotary apparatus) and electronic
circuitry

3. Based on AC output
inverter can be of :
1.Square wave
2.Modified square wave
3.Pure sine wave
Sine WaveSine Wave
Modified Square WaveModified Square Wave
Square WaveSquare Wave

4. SQUARE WAVE INVERTER
• Square wave inverter can be simplifying justified
with a switching scheme of full bridge converter.
• An square wave ac output voltage is synthesized
from a dc input by closing and opening the switches
in an appropriate sequence.
• The output voltage can be +Vdc, -Vdc, or zero,
depending on which switches are closed.

5. OPERATION OF SIMPLE SQUARE-WAVE INVERTER
SQUARE-WAVE
INVERTERS
EQUIVALENT
CIRCUIT

6. WHEN S1-S2 TURN ON & S3-S4 OFF FOR T1 < T < T2

7. WHEN S1-S2 TURN OFF& S3-S4 ON FOR T2 < T < T3

8. BATTERY
• The runtime of an inverter is
dependent on the battery power
and the amount of power being
drawn from the inverter at a given
time.
• When attempting to add more
batteries to an inverter, there are
two basic options for installation:
A. Series configuration
B. Parallel Configuration

9. Series configuration
If the goal is to increase the
overall voltage of the inverter,
one can daisy chain batteries
in a series configuration. In a
series configuration, if a
single battery dies, the other
batteries will not be able to
power the load.

10. Parallel Configuration
If the goal is to increase capacity and
prolong the runtime of the inverter,
batteries can be connected in parallel. This
increases the overall ampere-hour (Ah)
rating of the battery set.
If a single battery is discharged though,
the other batteries will then discharge
through it.

11. ADVANTAGES
• Cheap.
• Can work with ordinary light bulb , fans etc.
• High quality and inexpensive.
• Using modified square wave and output correction waveform
• Relatively stable
• Full power output.
• low distortion
• low noise and high efficiency, suitable for use in the
communications , industrial electricity etc.

12. DISADVANTAGES
• Square wave output waveform and not stable enough. (Square
Sine wave inverter)
• Lack of power, cannot run the appliances with same power
labeled; it’s easy to damage the machine if customers are not
familiar with the operation.
• Higher prices, the domestic customers know less about it.
• Line is relatively complex; high technically demanding for
maintenance.

13. APPLICATIONS
1. Used in UPS with batteries
2. Used in Solar panels
3. Used as a backup purpose
4. Variable speed ac motor drives,
5. Aircraft power supplies,
6. Induction heating,
7. Uninterruptable power supply (UPS),
8. High-voltage-direct-current (HVDC) transmission
9. Regenerative dc/ac drives.

14. PWM TECHNOLOGY
• PWM or Pulse width Modulation is a technology by which we
can keep the output voltage of the inverter at the rated
voltage(110V AC / 220V AC).
• PWM inverter correct the output voltage according to the value
of the load connected at the output.

15. CAUSE OF PWM USED
Dc to ac convers are know as inverters . the output voltage of a
inverter can be fixed or variable at fixed or variable frequency .
We can obtained variable output voltage by varying the input dc
voltage and maintaining the gain of the inverter constant . On the
other hand if the dc input voltage is fixed and it is not
controllable ,a variable output can be obtained by varying the
gain of the inverter .which we normally done by pwm
technology.

16. WAVE SHAPE OF DC , PWM AND AC

17. CONCLUSION
• An inverter is an electrical circuit capable of turning DC power into AC
power, while at the same time regulating the voltage, current, and frequency
of the signal
• Inverters come in all different shapes and sizes, for all different purposes
• Inverters vary in output from 50 – 5,000 W
• Several different methods of changing DC power to AC power

18. SOME EXAMPLE OF INVERTER

19. THANK YOU