Origin, Nature and Scope of Organization Behavior Relevance to Organizational Effectiveness and Contemporary Issues

1. Introduction to
Organizational Behavior
Dr. Kiran Kakade
Assistant Professor (HR) ,TIMSR
Mumbai

2. About Me
• Ph.D. in Management Science
• Post graduation in MBA (HR) and MCA (Mgmt.) from University of
Pune.
• Diploma in Yoga & Meditation (D.Y.T) from YCMOU, Nashik.
• Academic Experience : 5 Years
• Industrial Experience : 7 Years
• Competencies: ERP Consultation, Training & Development,
Administration, Team Management, Yoga Instructor

3. “You can dream, create, design and build the
most wonderful place in the world, but it
requires people to make the dream a reality..!
-Walt Disney

5. Organization Behavior
Organization: Organization is a collection of people
who work together and co-ordinate their actions to
achieve individual and organization goals.

6. Behavior: Behavior may be defined as the way
how people act as individual and as groups.

7. Organization Behavior
• Organization behavior is the study and application
of knowledge about how people act in an
organization as individuals and as a groups.
• Organization behavior provide ways to understand
human behavior, it explains as to how a human
being will behave in any particular situation?

8. “ Organization behavior can be defined as
the understanding, prediction and
management of human behavior in
organizations”
LUTHANS

9. OB is .....
• What people do in an organization
• How their behavior effects the overall
performance of the organization.
• Behavior related to concerns: such as
absenteeism, turnover, productivity etc.
• Includes the core of all work determinants
(motivation, leadership, power, politics, conflict
etc..).

10. Goals of Organizational Behavior
(Explain, predict, and
control human behavior)
• How people act in organization
• Why they act as they do
• What we can do to predict and
manage their behavior

11. OB works at three levels

12. What is OB about?
• 3-D : individual, group & organizational
• At the individual level: learning, perception,
stress, personality, individual differences etc
• At the group level: teamwork, power &
politics, interpersonal, decision making etc
• Organizational culture, change, structure &
design at organizational level

13. Historical Background
• The famous “Hawthorne Studies” (1924-30s)
• Undertaken at Western Electric Company, Illinois;
to study the effect of various illumination levels
on worker productivity.
• Findings were: illumination intensity was not
directly related to group productivity. Though
they couldn’t explain the behavior that they had
witnessed! Something more to the productivity
than mere physical variables!!

14. • Professor Elton Mayo started a series of
studies & numerous experiments covering
redesign of jobs, changes in the length of work
day, time, introduction of rest periods and
individual vs group pay plans.
• Hawthorne studies set the direction OB and
management practices!!

15. Contributing Disciplines
to the OB Field

20. Objectives
• The main objective of Organizational Behavior is to
understand the human interactions in an
organization, find what is driving it and influence it
for getting better results for attaining business
goals.

21. • The organizations in which people work have
an effect on their thoughts, feelings, and
actions. These thoughts, feelings, and actions,
in turn, affect the organization itself.

22. MAJOR OBJECTIVES
Know the level of Job Satisfaction.
Organizational rewards and punishments.
Job satisfaction, in turn, can foster higher
productivity and reduced turnover

23. WHO ARE MANAGERS ?

24. What managers do ?

25. French Industrialist Henri Fayol

26. Henry Mintzberg Management Role

27. Required Management Skills
• Technical Skills
• Human Skills
• Conceptual skills
Effective Versus Successful Managerial Activities

28. Finding the Right People
A ship with all sails and no anchors would flounder,
one with all anchors and no sails would not get
anywhere.
Organizational behavior can be helpful for finding the
right mix of talents and working styles required for
achievement of the task at hand.

29. Conflict Resolution

30. Higher Productivity

31. Organizational Culture
• As organizations grow larger, it may become difficult
to keep a sense of common purpose and unity of
direction.

32. Develop a Good Team
• It is essential that all members of the team work in
coordination and are motivated to work together to
achieve the best results.

33. The “Chak De” team exemplifies the management
function of planning organizing and leading
interpersonal skills and team work lead the team to
victory

35. IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATION
BEHAVIOR
• It is very important to study organizational behavior because
it provided an understanding of why people behave as they do
in organization. OB helps us to study the complex nature of
human beings in organization by identifying causes and
effects of behavior.

36. • OB helps in understanding organization and employees in a
better way:
• When we can understand organization and employees, it
helps to develop friendly relationship between organization
and employees creating a proper working environment in
an organization.
• Studying OB helps to apply different strategies to control
the critical behavior which harms the organization.

37. Employee Motivation
• OB helps to understand basis of motivation
and different ways to motivate employees
properly

38. OB Importance
• OB helps in predicting and controlling human behavior.
• OB helps in effective utilization of Human Resources.
• Knowledge of OB helps managers to manage people
effectively in the organization.
• It is one of the most important reason for studying OB.
Knowledge of OB is very important for the management
students who are going to have a career as a successful
manager. If OB studied properly then it helps to bring
organizational effectiveness.

39. Emerging Challenges

40. • Technological changes, structural changes,
environmental changes are accelerated at a
faster rate in the business field.

41. Improving Quality and Productivity
Quality is the extent to which the customers
or users believe the product or service
surpasses their needs and expectations.
For example, a customer who purchases an
automobile has a certain expectation, one of
which is that the automobile engine will start
when it is turned on

42. Managing Workforce Diversity
Organizations are becoming a more heterogeneous mix
of people in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, and
sexual orientation

43. Diversity Implications
• “Managers have to shift their philosophy from treating
everyone alike to recognizing differences and responding to
those differences in ways that ensure employee retention and
greater productivity while, at the same time, not
discriminating.”

44. Responding to Globalization
• Today’s business is mostly market driven; wherever
the demands exist irrespective of distance, locations,
climatic Conditions, the business operations are
expanded to gain their market share and to remain
in the top rank etc.
• Business operations are no longer restricted to a
particular locality or region.

45. TQM
•Improving quality and productivity
•Customer service and building a
customer-responsive culture
•Developing people skills

46. Improving Customer Service

47. ''The Hotel Clerk''
" Don’t be afraid to reach and touch
someone’s life, you never know who’s heart
you may be touching."

48. Helping Employees Balance Work-Life
Conflicts

49. Improving Ethical Behavior

51. Implications for Managers
• OB helps with:
– Insights to improve people skills
– Valuing of workforce diversity
– Empowering people and creating a positive
work environment
– Dealing with labor shortages
– Coping in a world of temporariness
– Creating an ethically healthy work environment

52. Thanks