The document discusses interpretation in research, which involves drawing meaningful conclusions from analyzed data. Interpretation reveals the significance of research findings and demands fair judgments. Both the analysis of data and its interpretation are interdependent processes. When interpreting data, researchers should consider factors affecting the problem, consult experts, and provide reasonable explanations while avoiding errors like making false generalizations or using improper statistical methods and measures. The goal of interpretation is to understand what was learned and help discover new relationships and predictions.

1. INTERPRETATIINTERPRETATI

2. REFERENCES
 www.indiana.edu
 ftp://ftp.amberton.edu
 A textbook on Research Methodology by
M.C Baby, Prakash Publications

3. MEANING
 Interpretation istheprocessof attaching meaning to
thedata.
 Theprocessof drawing conclusionsbased on the
resultsof analysisof dataisknown asinterpretation.
 It revealstheimportanceof research findings.

4. .
 Interpretation demandsfair and careful judgements.
 Often thesamedatacan beinterpreted in different
ways.

5. Need for Interpreting information
What did you learn ?
What isnew?What could beconcluded ?
What wasexpected?
Did any findingssurpriseyou?
Aretherethingsyou don’t understand well?
 Wherefurther studiesneeded?

6. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
 Analysisof dataand interpretation areinterdependent.
 Analysishelpsto study thecollected dataand derive
resultswhilethrough interpretation wedraw
conclusionsbased on resultsobtained.
 Analysisof dataisnot completewithout interpretation
and interpretation cannot bedonewithout analysisof
data.

7. PRINCIPLES OF INTERPRETATION
• Ability to read what isin thedata
• Logical thinking
• Communication in simplelanguage

8. PROCESS
o Reasonableexplanationsshould beprovided for research
findings
o Extraneousinformation collected during thestudy should be
considered
o To identify errorsin arguments, consultation should bemade
with expertsin interpretation
o All factorsaffecting theresearch problem should be
considered.

9. IMPORTANCE
• It helpsto build continuity in research by linking the
findingsof current research to thefindingsof other
studieshaving thesameunderlying concepts
• To explain theconcept
• To makeothersunderstand thesignificanceof hisstudies

10. • It helpsto discover new relationshipsand new
concepts
• To makepredictionsabout variousother eventsthat
areunrelated to hisareaof findings
• It helpstheresearcher to explain themeaning of
research findings

11. PRE-REQUISITESPRE-REQUISITES
 Datashould beadequateand appropriate
 Reflect good homogeneity
 Thereshould bestability of data
 Datataken for interpretation must be relevant to
thetopic

12. .
 Consistency of data
 Cautiousabout theerrors.
 Useof correct statistical measurefor interpretation
 Useof proper statistical methodsfor interpretation
 Interpretation ismadeby peopleassociated with the
project from thebeginning

13. ERRORS OF INTERPRETATIONERRORS OF INTERPRETATION
FALSE GENERALISATIONS
• Using improper statistical
methodsfor theanalysis
• Drawing conclusionsfrom an
argument
• Comparison between two set
of datawith unequal base
STATISTICAL MEASURES
• Percentageareused for
comparison, when total numbers
aredifferent
• Using index numberswithout
proper care
• Drawing conclusion on thebasis
of casual correlation

14. ERRORS OF INTERPRETATIONERRORS OF INTERPRETATION
FALSE GENERALISATIONS
• Drawing conclusionsfrom
datairrelevant to theproblem
• Drawing incorrect
conclusionsfrom data
STATISTICAL MEASURES
• Drawing conclusionson the
basisof coefficient of
association
• Conclusionsaredrawn on the
basisof average

15. Thank you..!!