The document outlines the principles and practices of instructional design for learning objects (LOs), emphasizing their role in creating effective digital learning experiences. It details the anatomy of learning objects, multimedia design principles, and systematic processes for instructional design, including models like ADDIE and ASSURE. Additionally, it discusses considerations for implementing LOs within broader learning environments and the importance of metadata for efficient retrieval.

1. Instructional Design for Learning Objects Definition Architecture Design Implementation Presentation for the Workshop on Instructional Design for Learning Objects at CIET, NCERT, New Delhi Sanjaya Mishra Text Audio Video Animation Graphics Pages Frames Digital Assets Information Objects Learning Object

2. Instructional Design for LOs What is a Learning Object? One or more digital assets combined and sequences to create or support a learning experience addressing a curricular outcome (s) for an identified audience (s). A learning object can be identified, tracked, referenced, and used for a variety of learning experiences. (Alberta Learning, 2002)

3. Instructional Design for LOs Anatomy of Learning Objects Text Audio Video Animation Graphics Pages Frames Digital Assets Information Objects Learning Object

4. Instructional Design for LOs Anatomy of Learning Objects ASSESSMENT Pre Post RIOs 7 ±2 O V E R V I E W S U M M A R Y

5. Instructional Design for LOs Types of Learning Objects Concept Fact Procedure Process Principles

6. Instructional Design for LOs Principles of Multimedia Design Multimedia principle: Use both graphics and words Contiguity principle: Place related words and graphics together Modality principle: Present words as speech rather than on screen text Redundancy principle: Avoid presenting words as narration and text together Coherence principle: Avoid extraneous sound and pictures Personalization principle: Use conversational style and learning agents Practice principle: Give opportunities for interactions related to authentic events

7. Principles of Multimedia Design Use both graphics and words

8. Principles of Multimedia Design Place related words and graphics together

9. Principles of Multimedia Design Present words as speech rather than on screen text

10. Principles of Multimedia Design Avoid presenting words as narration and text together

11. Principles of Multimedia Design Avoid extraneous sound and pictures

12. Principles of Multimedia Design Use conversational style and learning agents

13. Principles of Multimedia Design Give opportunities for interactions related to authentic events

14. Instructional Design for LOs What is Instructional Design? Instructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. It includes development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities

15. Instructional Design for LOs Instructional Systems Design Instructional Objectives Instructional Procedures Evaluation Feedback

16. Instructional Design for LOs Models of Instructional Design ADDIE ASSURE PIE Designing Learning/Environment Vs. Designing Materials

17. Instructional Design for LOs Three Component Model for LO Design Ally (2004) in McGreal. R. LO Component Micro-strategies Pre-learning strategy Learning outcome Advance organiser Overview Pre-assessment Presentation strategy Presentation of information Elaboration of information Embedded questions Demonstration Practice with feedback Post-learning strategy Summary Post-assessment

18. Instructional Design for Multimedia LOs DADI Help Me D efinition A rchitecture D esign I mplementation

19. Instructional Design for Multimedia LOs D efinition Define goals and objectives Determine competition Identify contents Define budget, timeline, scope Identify clients/users Explore technical issues When, Where, What, How

20. Instructional Design for Multimedia LOs A rchitecture Identify major content areas Information Architecture Prioritize contents Define media types Define structure with relationships Create flowchart, block diagrams Create storyboard Build preliminary prototype

21. Instructional Design for Multimedia LOs D esign Look and Feel Develop content with suitable color, font Develop media element Design interface Define naming conventions Build advanced prototype Conduct user testing on prototype

22. Instructional Design for Multimedia LOs I mplementation Do it Define milestones, priorities Develop all media elements Integrate all media, content into the offline mode Do all proof reading, checking Test in different platform Upload and go online/Create master CD

23. Instructional Design for LOs Some considerations... Learning objects are component in a larger learning environment Use LOs in a broad instructional perspective Use LOs within a LMS to track usage Analyse student engagement to improve the LO Create LOs that are short (say 10-15 mts) Store LOs in a database with appropriate metadata tags for easy retrieval and use Make LOs as Open Educational Resources

24. Instructional Design for LOs Your Comments and Questions are welcome Thank You