Immunisation
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The document summarizes the components of the human immune system. It describes that immunity can be innate or adaptive. Innate immunity is non-specific and acts as the first line of defense, while adaptive immunity can selectively recognize and eliminate specific pathogens. Adaptive immunity consists of humoral immunity mediated by B lymphocytes and antibodies, and cell-mediated immunity carried out by effector T cells.
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Cell-Mediated Immunity
Cell-mediated immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen. It is an immune response that does not involve antibodies, but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen.
THE HOST'S NATURAL DEFENCES AGAINST INFECTIONS
The document summarizes the host's natural defenses against infection. It discusses both non-specific defenses like fever and inflammation and specific immune system defenses. The specific defenses include the adaptive immune system of B and T lymphocytes that produce antibodies and cytokines. It also describes the different classes of antibodies (IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE) involved in the immune response and how they help identify recent or past infections.
Biology 40.2
The immune system defends the body through specific and nonspecific responses. Specific responses include antibodies that destroy pathogens and immunity either developed from vaccination or exposure. Nonspecific defenses include fever, inflammation, and the skin barrier. Together these responses protect against infection through cells and antibodies that recognize and eliminate foreign substances in the body.
vaccines vaccination
Vaccines work by exposing the immune system to antigens from viruses or bacteria. This triggers an immune response that produces antibodies to fight future infections from these pathogens. Vaccines contain weakened or killed forms of viruses or bacteria, along with preservatives and adjuvants. When administered, they mimic natural infections and induce immunity. Traditional vaccines include live-attenuated, inactivated, toxoid and subunit vaccines. Innovative vaccines include conjugate vaccines, which link weak antigens to strong carriers, and recombinant vector vaccines. Quality control ensures vaccines are safe, potent and effective through in-process and final product testing.
A Text Book of Immunology
This is a book of immunology , helpfull for graduation and post graduation's students.
You may contact with me if any query @ aki-d-biotechnologist-mba@hotmail.com
Innate vs. adaptive immunity
The document discusses the difference between innate and adaptive (acquired) immunity. Innate immunity is non-specific and present since birth, providing a first-line defense against pathogens. Adaptive immunity develops over time through exposure to pathogens and provides long-term, antigen-specific protection through the actions of B and T lymphocytes. While innate immunity acts immediately, adaptive immunity requires more time to respond specifically to pathogens and develop immunological memory.
Immunity
Immunity involves two main types - innate immunity which is inborn, and acquired immunity which is developed during lifetime. Innate immunity involves physical barriers and cellular responses, while acquired immunity involves humoral responses from B lymphocytes and cellular responses from T lymphocytes. Humoral immunity involves antibodies produced by B lymphocytes, while cellular immunity involves T lymphocytes. The complement system works with antibodies to help destroy pathogens.
immunotherapy
The document discusses the human immune system, including its innate and adaptive components. The innate system provides non-specific defenses like physical barriers and complement proteins. Adaptive immunity involves lymphocytes that develop immunological memory and targeted responses. Immunotherapy aims to boost these immune responses against cancer. Methods include cytokines, checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, and monoclonal antibodies.
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Cell-Mediated Immunity
Cell-mediated immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen. It is an immune response that does not involve antibodies, but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen.
THE HOST'S NATURAL DEFENCES AGAINST INFECTIONS
The document summarizes the host's natural defenses against infection. It discusses both non-specific defenses like fever and inflammation and specific immune system defenses. The specific defenses include the adaptive immune system of B and T lymphocytes that produce antibodies and cytokines. It also describes the different classes of antibodies (IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE) involved in the immune response and how they help identify recent or past infections.
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The immune system defends the body through specific and nonspecific responses. Specific responses include antibodies that destroy pathogens and immunity either developed from vaccination or exposure. Nonspecific defenses include fever, inflammation, and the skin barrier. Together these responses protect against infection through cells and antibodies that recognize and eliminate foreign substances in the body.
vaccines vaccination
Vaccines work by exposing the immune system to antigens from viruses or bacteria. This triggers an immune response that produces antibodies to fight future infections from these pathogens. Vaccines contain weakened or killed forms of viruses or bacteria, along with preservatives and adjuvants. When administered, they mimic natural infections and induce immunity. Traditional vaccines include live-attenuated, inactivated, toxoid and subunit vaccines. Innovative vaccines include conjugate vaccines, which link weak antigens to strong carriers, and recombinant vector vaccines. Quality control ensures vaccines are safe, potent and effective through in-process and final product testing.
A Text Book of Immunology
This is a book of immunology , helpfull for graduation and post graduation's students.
You may contact with me if any query @ aki-d-biotechnologist-mba@hotmail.com
Innate vs. adaptive immunity
The document discusses the difference between innate and adaptive (acquired) immunity. Innate immunity is non-specific and present since birth, providing a first-line defense against pathogens. Adaptive immunity develops over time through exposure to pathogens and provides long-term, antigen-specific protection through the actions of B and T lymphocytes. While innate immunity acts immediately, adaptive immunity requires more time to respond specifically to pathogens and develop immunological memory.
Immunity
Immunity involves two main types - innate immunity which is inborn, and acquired immunity which is developed during lifetime. Innate immunity involves physical barriers and cellular responses, while acquired immunity involves humoral responses from B lymphocytes and cellular responses from T lymphocytes. Humoral immunity involves antibodies produced by B lymphocytes, while cellular immunity involves T lymphocytes. The complement system works with antibodies to help destroy pathogens.
immunotherapy
The document discusses the human immune system, including its innate and adaptive components. The innate system provides non-specific defenses like physical barriers and complement proteins. Adaptive immunity involves lymphocytes that develop immunological memory and targeted responses. Immunotherapy aims to boost these immune responses against cancer. Methods include cytokines, checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, and monoclonal antibodies.
Immunology introduction
This document provides an introduction to the immune system. It discusses that the immune system recognizes foreign substances in the environment and body to eliminate threats. The main functions of the immune system are defense, maintaining tolerance of self-antigens, and immune surveillance. Antigens are substances that trigger an immune response, while adjuvants can enhance immune responses to antigens. The immune system has both innate and adaptive branches, with lymphocytes and accessory cells playing key roles. Major immune system organs include lymph nodes, spleen, and lymphatic system, which help circulate lymphocytes throughout the body.
What is Immunity? Explain the types of Immunity? (Presentation)
The document provides an overview of immunology, including definitions and key concepts. It discusses the immune system's innate and acquired immunity. Innate immunity provides immediate protection through physical barriers, chemicals, proteins and cells. Acquired immunity develops from exposure through active immunity from natural infection or vaccination, or passive immunity from maternal antibodies or antibody treatments. The immune system uses recognition and response to protect against pathogens through a variety of interrelated components.
Specific host resistance and practical aspects of immunity hons immunity
This document defines key terms related to specific host resistance and immunity, including antibodies, antigens, immunity types, and vaccination. It discusses how specific host resistance is triggered by pathogens and activates the immune system. The major functions of the acquired immune system are recognizing non-self antigens, generating tailored responses to eliminate pathogens, and developing immunological memory through memory cells and antibodies. Antibodies recognize antigens with high specificity. Immunity can be natural or artificial, and both passive and active. Vaccination stimulates immunity through administration of antigens to develop adaptive immunity against pathogens.
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The document discusses immunology, which is the study of the immune system and its functions. It describes the innate and adaptive immune systems. The innate system is non-specific and provides immediate protection through physical and cellular barriers. The adaptive system builds immunity through antibodies and memory cells to mount pathogen-specific responses. Key components include antigens, antibodies, white blood cells, and proteins that signal and complement immune responses.
Natural and Artificial immunity
The document discusses natural immunity, antigen-antibody binding specificity, and humoral immunity. It explains that natural immunity occurs when a person is exposed to a pathogen, develops the disease, and becomes immune through antibody production. It describes how antibodies recognize unique antigens on pathogens through paratopes binding to epitopes. Finally, it defines humoral immunity as the active generation of antibodies by an organism or the passive transfer of antibodies between individuals, and cell-mediated immunity as either the active stimulation of an organism's T-cells or passive transfer of T-cells from another.
Immune system
AT THE END OF THIS SESSION, STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
a. Define immunity and contrast the difference between its 2 types (innate & acquired).
b. Describe some mechanisms for innate immunity (interferon’s & complement should be included).
c. Describe briefly the mechanism of acquired immunity and identify the major differences between its two types (humoral & cell-mediated).
d. Relate the knowledge acquired to some clinical problems (e.g., AIDS)
Antibiotics part 4
There are a few antiviral drugs that can be used to treat human viral infections, though they face challenges. Antiviral drugs must selectively inhibit the virus without harming human cells, as viruses hijack cell machinery. Possible targets for antiviral drugs include preventing viral absorption, intracellular penetration, and inhibiting protein or nucleic acid synthesis. Amantadine inhibits influenza A viral penetration but not other influenza types. Methisazone inhibits DNA viruses like vaccinia and variola used for smallpox prophylaxis. Interferons are proteins produced by infected cells that induce other proteins to inhibit viral mRNA transcription. There are type I and type II interferons that have different properties.
Natural and Acquired Immunity
This document summarizes the key differences between natural (innate) immunity and acquired (adaptive) immunity. Natural immunity is inborn and provides non-specific protection against pathogens through physical and chemical barriers like skin and mucous membranes. It also includes phagocytic cells that engulf and destroy pathogens. Acquired immunity develops over time after exposure to specific pathogens and antigens. It produces targeted immune responses through antibodies and T cells that provide long-lasting, pathogen-specific protection. The document compares the mechanisms, characteristics, components and responses of natural versus acquired immunity.
Integrated Dynamics of Innate & Adaptive Immunity
1. The immune response to pathogens occurs in distinct phases as the infection progresses. Innate immune cells like ILCs respond rapidly to pathogens and direct the type of adaptive response generated based on the pathogen detected.
2. Different pathogens elicit specific cytokine responses from innate immune cells. These cytokines then activate distinct ILC subsets to amplify the innate response and guide the development of the adaptive response.
3. Adaptive immunity is triggered when the innate response cannot control the infection, and antigen-presenting cells carry pathogen antigens to lymph nodes to initiate antigen-specific adaptive responses.
3.immunity
This document provides an overview of immunology and the immune system. It discusses key topics such as:
- Innate and acquired immunity, including active and passive immunity. Innate immunity provides non-specific protection while acquired immunity is adaptive and provides long-lasting protection.
- Antigens and antibodies. Antigens stimulate antibody production while antibodies provide specific responses to antigens. Antigen-antibody reactions include precipitation and agglutination.
- The complement system, which enhances antigen-antibody reactions and mediates immune responses.
- Structure and function of the immune system, including humoral responses involving B cells and antibodies, and cellular responses involving T cells.
- Hypersensitivity reactions
Vaccines
Vaccines are one of public health's greatest achievements, preventing millions of deaths each year. They work by priming the immune system to recognize pathogens through controlled exposure to antigens, producing memory cells that enable a strong secondary response. The document discusses the importance of immunization programs, how vaccines promote health at both individual and population levels. It describes the immune system's response to infection and how vaccines mimic this process without causing illness. Different vaccine types - live attenuated, inactivated, subunit, and toxoid - are outlined, as are routes of administration and rare contraindications like anaphylaxis.
Introduction and Types of immunology
Immunology is the study of the immune system and its functions. The immune system protects the body from infection through innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity provides immediate defense against pathogens while adaptive immunity involves immune cells that develop memory to mount stronger responses against specific pathogens. When not functioning properly, the immune system can lead to autoimmune diseases, allergies, and cancer.
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This document provides an overview of immunity and the immune system. It discusses the definition of immunity and key immune concepts like antigens, antibodies, and the barrier defenses of innate immunity. The document also describes the classification of immunity into innate and adaptive immunity. It outlines the structures and functions of the immune system, including lymphoid organs and cells involved in humoral and cellular immunity. Finally, the document discusses applied aspects of immunity like immune deficiency treatment and vaccine development.
Molecular Mechanisms of Acute Radiation Disease.
The document discusses molecular mechanisms of acute radiation disease and how it relates to the immune system. It proposes that acute radiation disease could be considered an autoimmune disease since radiation can modify self antigens in a way that causes the immune system to see them as non-self. It also explores similarities between acute radiation disease and transplant rejection. The role of the major histocompatibility complex in distinguishing self from non-self and presenting antigens is discussed in the context of how radiation exposure could trigger immune responses.
Immunity
The document discusses immunity, describing it as the body's ability to defend against harmful foreign substances. Immunity is divided into innate (natural) immunity and acquired (adaptive) immunity. Innate immunity provides nonspecific defenses like skin barriers and immune cells. Acquired immunity develops after exposure through antibodies and T cells and has immunological memory. The innate arm provides initial defense and activates the acquired arm, while acquired immunity provides long-lasting, pathogen-specific protection.
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This document summarizes key aspects of inflammation and the immune response. It discusses the purpose of inflammation and immunity in neutralizing threats while protecting the body. It also outlines the cells involved, including white blood cells, and describes the stages of both inflammation and the antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immune responses. It concludes by covering transplant rejection and some drugs used to manage inflammation and immunity, noting their mechanisms and side effects.
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The document summarizes key aspects of immunology, including the study of the immune system and different types of immunity. It describes Louis Pasteur as the father of immunology. There are two main types of immunity: specific (adaptive) immunity found in vertebrates, which is able to recognize and eliminate specific pathogens through lymphocyte cells and antigen presenting cells; and non-specific (innate) immunity, which forms the first line of defense through anatomical, physiological, phagocytic, inflammatory and natural killer barriers. Specific immunity can be cell-mediated through cytotoxic T cells or antibody-mediated through B cells and immunoglobulins.
Types of Immunity
It describes types of immunity, mechanism of humoral and cell mediated immune response, types of T-cells and their functions.
Immunity
Immunity refers to the body's resistance to microorganisms and their products. There are two main types of immunity: innate immunity which is inborn resistance, and acquired immunity which is developed during life. Acquired immunity has two further types - active immunity developed from antigen exposure, and passive immunity which involves transmission of readymade resistance from another source.
Allergy and Hypersensitivity
Allergy and Anaphylaxis/Hypersensitivity document discusses:
1. Allergies are immune system disorders caused by hypersensitivity to allergens like foods, pollens, or dusts. Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction affecting multiple body systems.
2. The four types of hypersensitivity reactions are: Type I involves IgE antibodies and causes immediate allergic reactions. Type II involves IgG/IgM antibodies attacking cell surfaces. Type III involves immune complex formation and complement activation causing tissue damage. Type IV is cell-mediated and involves T lymphocytes responding to antigens days later.
3. Anaphylaxis differs from other allergic reactions in affecting multiple
Vaccination programmes
This document provides an overview of vaccination programs and implementation. It discusses vaccine-preventable diseases, types of vaccines, routes of administration, levels of effectiveness, and the history of vaccination programs in India. Key points include: immunization aims to prevent or eradicate diseases; common vaccine-preventable diseases include diphtheria, measles, and polio; vaccines can be live, attenuated, inactivated, or toxoids; and India's vaccination efforts began in the early 1800s with smallpox vaccination and expanded in the late 20th century with the Universal Immunisation Programme.
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What is Immunity? Explain the types of Immunity? (Presentation)
The document provides an overview of immunology, including definitions and key concepts. It discusses the immune system's innate and acquired immunity. Innate immunity provides immediate protection through physical barriers, chemicals, proteins and cells. Acquired immunity develops from exposure through active immunity from natural infection or vaccination, or passive immunity from maternal antibodies or antibody treatments. The immune system uses recognition and response to protect against pathogens through a variety of interrelated components.
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The document discusses immunology, which is the study of the immune system and its functions. It describes the innate and adaptive immune systems. The innate system is non-specific and provides immediate protection through physical and cellular barriers. The adaptive system builds immunity through antibodies and memory cells to mount pathogen-specific responses. Key components include antigens, antibodies, white blood cells, and proteins that signal and complement immune responses.
Natural and Artificial immunity
The document discusses natural immunity, antigen-antibody binding specificity, and humoral immunity. It explains that natural immunity occurs when a person is exposed to a pathogen, develops the disease, and becomes immune through antibody production. It describes how antibodies recognize unique antigens on pathogens through paratopes binding to epitopes. Finally, it defines humoral immunity as the active generation of antibodies by an organism or the passive transfer of antibodies between individuals, and cell-mediated immunity as either the active stimulation of an organism's T-cells or passive transfer of T-cells from another.
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AT THE END OF THIS SESSION, STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
a. Define immunity and contrast the difference between its 2 types (innate & acquired).
b. Describe some mechanisms for innate immunity (interferon’s & complement should be included).
c. Describe briefly the mechanism of acquired immunity and identify the major differences between its two types (humoral & cell-mediated).
d. Relate the knowledge acquired to some clinical problems (e.g., AIDS)
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There are a few antiviral drugs that can be used to treat human viral infections, though they face challenges. Antiviral drugs must selectively inhibit the virus without harming human cells, as viruses hijack cell machinery. Possible targets for antiviral drugs include preventing viral absorption, intracellular penetration, and inhibiting protein or nucleic acid synthesis. Amantadine inhibits influenza A viral penetration but not other influenza types. Methisazone inhibits DNA viruses like vaccinia and variola used for smallpox prophylaxis. Interferons are proteins produced by infected cells that induce other proteins to inhibit viral mRNA transcription. There are type I and type II interferons that have different properties.
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This document summarizes the key differences between natural (innate) immunity and acquired (adaptive) immunity. Natural immunity is inborn and provides non-specific protection against pathogens through physical and chemical barriers like skin and mucous membranes. It also includes phagocytic cells that engulf and destroy pathogens. Acquired immunity develops over time after exposure to specific pathogens and antigens. It produces targeted immune responses through antibodies and T cells that provide long-lasting, pathogen-specific protection. The document compares the mechanisms, characteristics, components and responses of natural versus acquired immunity.
Integrated Dynamics of Innate & Adaptive Immunity
1. The immune response to pathogens occurs in distinct phases as the infection progresses. Innate immune cells like ILCs respond rapidly to pathogens and direct the type of adaptive response generated based on the pathogen detected.
2. Different pathogens elicit specific cytokine responses from innate immune cells. These cytokines then activate distinct ILC subsets to amplify the innate response and guide the development of the adaptive response.
3. Adaptive immunity is triggered when the innate response cannot control the infection, and antigen-presenting cells carry pathogen antigens to lymph nodes to initiate antigen-specific adaptive responses.
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This document provides an overview of immunology and the immune system. It discusses key topics such as:
- Innate and acquired immunity, including active and passive immunity. Innate immunity provides non-specific protection while acquired immunity is adaptive and provides long-lasting protection.
- Antigens and antibodies. Antigens stimulate antibody production while antibodies provide specific responses to antigens. Antigen-antibody reactions include precipitation and agglutination.
- The complement system, which enhances antigen-antibody reactions and mediates immune responses.
- Structure and function of the immune system, including humoral responses involving B cells and antibodies, and cellular responses involving T cells.
- Hypersensitivity reactions
Vaccines
Vaccines are one of public health's greatest achievements, preventing millions of deaths each year. They work by priming the immune system to recognize pathogens through controlled exposure to antigens, producing memory cells that enable a strong secondary response. The document discusses the importance of immunization programs, how vaccines promote health at both individual and population levels. It describes the immune system's response to infection and how vaccines mimic this process without causing illness. Different vaccine types - live attenuated, inactivated, subunit, and toxoid - are outlined, as are routes of administration and rare contraindications like anaphylaxis.
Introduction and Types of immunology
Immunology is the study of the immune system and its functions. The immune system protects the body from infection through innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity provides immediate defense against pathogens while adaptive immunity involves immune cells that develop memory to mount stronger responses against specific pathogens. When not functioning properly, the immune system can lead to autoimmune diseases, allergies, and cancer.
Immunity in OMFS
This document provides an overview of immunity and the immune system. It discusses the definition of immunity and key immune concepts like antigens, antibodies, and the barrier defenses of innate immunity. The document also describes the classification of immunity into innate and adaptive immunity. It outlines the structures and functions of the immune system, including lymphoid organs and cells involved in humoral and cellular immunity. Finally, the document discusses applied aspects of immunity like immune deficiency treatment and vaccine development.
Molecular Mechanisms of Acute Radiation Disease.
The document discusses molecular mechanisms of acute radiation disease and how it relates to the immune system. It proposes that acute radiation disease could be considered an autoimmune disease since radiation can modify self antigens in a way that causes the immune system to see them as non-self. It also explores similarities between acute radiation disease and transplant rejection. The role of the major histocompatibility complex in distinguishing self from non-self and presenting antigens is discussed in the context of how radiation exposure could trigger immune responses.
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The document discusses immunity, describing it as the body's ability to defend against harmful foreign substances. Immunity is divided into innate (natural) immunity and acquired (adaptive) immunity. Innate immunity provides nonspecific defenses like skin barriers and immune cells. Acquired immunity develops after exposure through antibodies and T cells and has immunological memory. The innate arm provides initial defense and activates the acquired arm, while acquired immunity provides long-lasting, pathogen-specific protection.
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The document summarizes key aspects of immunology, including the study of the immune system and different types of immunity. It describes Louis Pasteur as the father of immunology. There are two main types of immunity: specific (adaptive) immunity found in vertebrates, which is able to recognize and eliminate specific pathogens through lymphocyte cells and antigen presenting cells; and non-specific (innate) immunity, which forms the first line of defense through anatomical, physiological, phagocytic, inflammatory and natural killer barriers. Specific immunity can be cell-mediated through cytotoxic T cells or antibody-mediated through B cells and immunoglobulins.
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It describes types of immunity, mechanism of humoral and cell mediated immune response, types of T-cells and their functions.
Immunity
Immunity refers to the body's resistance to microorganisms and their products. There are two main types of immunity: innate immunity which is inborn resistance, and acquired immunity which is developed during life. Acquired immunity has two further types - active immunity developed from antigen exposure, and passive immunity which involves transmission of readymade resistance from another source.
Allergy and Hypersensitivity
Allergy and Anaphylaxis/Hypersensitivity document discusses:
1. Allergies are immune system disorders caused by hypersensitivity to allergens like foods, pollens, or dusts. Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction affecting multiple body systems.
2. The four types of hypersensitivity reactions are: Type I involves IgE antibodies and causes immediate allergic reactions. Type II involves IgG/IgM antibodies attacking cell surfaces. Type III involves immune complex formation and complement activation causing tissue damage. Type IV is cell-mediated and involves T lymphocytes responding to antigens days later.
3. Anaphylaxis differs from other allergic reactions in affecting multiple
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This document provides an overview of basic immunology. It defines immunity and describes the innate and acquired immune systems. It discusses antigens, antibodies, and the different classes of antibodies. It also outlines the cells of the innate immune system like phagocytes, mast cells, basophils, etc. and how they help defend the body. It explains the mechanisms of innate immunity and describes both active and passive immunity in detail. Finally, it discusses antigen-antibody reactions and how antibodies help defend the body through opsonization, complement activation, neutralization and more.
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Immunology is the study of the immune system, a branch of medical and biological sciences. The immune system recognizes and responds to antigens in order to protect the individual from diseases. It must detect infections, contain and eliminate them via immune effector functions, and regulate the immune response to limit damage to the host. Exposure to an infectious agent produces immune memory that protects against future exposure. The immune system protects against four classes of pathogens: extracellular bacteria, parasites, and fungi; intracellular bacteria and parasites; viruses; and parasitic worms. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that help fight foreign substances called antigens. The main types of antibodies are IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD.
BODY DEFENSES & IMMUNITY
This document discusses the immune system and immunity. It defines key terms like antigen, antibody, innate immunity, acquired immunity, humoral immunity, cellular immunity, active immunity and passive immunity. It explains the primary and secondary immune responses upon exposure to an antigen. It also describes different types of immunity like natural immunity, herd immunity and local immunity. The roles of B cells, T cells, macrophages and antibodies in inducing protection against pathogens are summarized.
Immunity and its types
This document provides an overview of immunity, including its types and components. It discusses:
1. Innate immunity, which provides the first line of defense, and adaptive/acquired immunity, which is antigen-specific and provides immunological memory.
2. The cells involved in innate immunity like phagocytes and those involved in adaptive immunity like B and T cells.
3. The types of acquired immunity, including active (natural/artificial) and passive (natural/artificial), and their characteristics and effectors like antibodies versus cell-mediated responses.
Immunity types and compliment system ppt
types of immunity ppt , complimentry system ppt ,presentation on complimentry system and its pathways.
Introduction to immune system
This video is presented by our volunteer Hiruni Sandunika, she is from srilanka, and she is covering sub topics related to Immune system in this video presentation.
Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7QXD874VNM
Innate & Adaptive Immunity
This document summarizes innate and adaptive immunity. It explains that innate immunity is the first line of defense and is non-specific. It acts through physical, biochemical, and genetic factors like skin, mucous membranes, tears, and species immunity. Adaptive immunity is antigen-specific and develops immunological memory. It includes natural adaptive immunity gained from infection or passive transfer of antibodies from mother to child, and artificial adaptive immunity from vaccination or monoclonal antibody therapy.
Immunity
The document provides an overview of the immune system including:
- Definitions of immunity and its functions of destroying pathogens and abnormal cells.
- The two types of immunity - innate (non-specific) and acquired (specific).
- Innate immunity includes anatomical, physiological, chemical, and biological barriers.
- Acquired immunity can be naturally acquired active, artificially acquired active, naturally acquired passive, or artificially acquired passive.
- Immunity also involves B cells, T cells, and humoral versus cellular responses.
- Immunological disorders include hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiencies.
Types of immunity
This document summarizes the different types of immunity. There are two main types: innate (non-specific) immunity, which is the body's first line of defense and does not depend on previous exposure; and acquired (adaptive/specific) immunity, which develops over time after exposure and retains memory to mount a stronger response next time. Innate immunity includes physical barriers and cellular barriers like phagocytes and cytokines. Acquired immunity consists of antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity and cell-mediated immunity, and can be actively or passively acquired through natural infection or vaccination.
immunology_of_vaccines more effective vaccines.ppt
It is important to understand the immune mechanism that delivers protection
This understanding guides the design of more effective vaccines
immunology_of_vaccines and immune mechanism.ppt
Vaccines contain antigens that stimulate the immune system to produce an immune response that is often similar to that produced by the natural infection. With vaccination, however, the recipient is not subjected to the disease and its potential complications.
Basic Immunology
The document provides an overview of basic immunology concepts. It discusses the innate and adaptive immune systems, including their components and functions. The innate system provides non-specific defenses like physical barriers and phagocytes. The adaptive system has specialized immune cells and antibodies that provide specific and memory-based defenses against pathogens. Key cells discussed include T cells, B cells, antigen-presenting cells, and their roles in the immune response.
Immuno therapy~
This document discusses various types and applications of immunotherapy. It defines immunotherapy as the treatment of disease by inducing, enhancing, or suppressing an immune response. The two main types are activation immunotherapy, which elicits an immune response, and suppression immunotherapy, which reduces an immune response. Activation immunotherapy includes techniques like cancer vaccines and adoptive T-cell transfer. Suppression immunotherapy uses drugs to dampen abnormal immune responses in diseases like autoimmunity and transplant rejection. The document also outlines specific immunotherapies for conditions like cancer, allergies, infertility, and more.
Active immunity
IMMUNITY- INNATE IMMUNITY AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY
ACTIVE IMMUNITY- HUMORAL AND CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY
immunity-180603063305.pdf
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IMMUNITY
Immunity
Definitions
Components of Immune system
Types
Innate immunity and Mechanism
Adaptive immunity and Mechanism
2. Antigen
Origin of Antigen
Immunogen
3. Antibody- Immunoglobulin
- Structure
- Classification
- Function of each antibody
Immunity, immune def, hypersensitivity
Immunity involves the body's resistance to pathogenic agents. It is broadly divided into innate and acquired immunity. Innate immunity is present from birth while acquired immunity develops after exposure to specific pathogens. Immunization helps prepare the body against diseases either through passive or active immunity. Immunodeficiency diseases are caused by inherited or secondary defects in immunity. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is caused by HIV and damages the immune system. Hypersensitivity reactions occur when the immune system overreacts to antigens and are classified into four types based on the mechanisms involved.
Iimmunity
This document discusses the different types of immunity, including innate immunity and acquired immunity. Innate immunity consists of anatomical barriers, phagocytic barriers, blood proteins, and cytokines that provide a first line of defense. Acquired immunity is developed after exposure to antigens and can be active or passive. Active immunity is long-lasting and can be naturally acquired or artificially acquired through vaccination. It involves humoral immunity through antibody production and cell-mediated immunity.
2Adaptive immunity.pptx
Adaptive or acquired immunity develops after exposure to an antigen from a microbe. It is long-lasting and can be either active or passive. Active immunity develops when the immune system is stimulated by an infection or vaccine, causing antibody and T-cell responses. It is slow to develop but provides lasting protection. Passive immunity transfers pre-formed antibodies from another source, providing rapid but temporary protection. Both humoral and cell-mediated responses contribute to active immunity.
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immunology_of_vaccines more effective vaccines.ppt
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SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE
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Immunisation
- 2. IMMUNISATION Immunization, or immunisation, is the process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified against an agent (known as the immunogen).
- 3. IMMUNITY Immunity is a state of protection from infectious diseases characterized by less specific or more specific components.
- 4. Components of Human Immune System
- 5. -:CLASSIFICATION:- It is classified as :- •Innate immunity •Adaptive immunity
- 6. INNATE IMMUNITY The less specific component of immunity and is characterized by a set of disease resistance mechanism that are not specific to a particular pathogen but are present before the onset of infection security as the first line of defense.
- 7. ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY It is capable of recognizing and selectively eliminating specific foreign micro organism and molecule.IMAGE OF HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE
- 8. COMPARISION
- 9. -:CLASSIFICATION:- Adaptive can be classified as : a)Hummoral immunity b)Cell mediated immunity
- 10. HUMMORAL IMMUNITY This branch of immune response comes to work through the interaction of B- lymphocytes with antigen and their subsequent proliferation and differentiation into antibody secreting plasma cells.
- 11. CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY Effector T cells generated in response to exposure to an antigen are responsible for cell mediated immunity.
- 12. MECHANISM
- 13. REFERENCES • PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY – N.K.JAIN • A TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY – DR. D.K. MAHESHUWARI, DR. R.C. DUBEY • WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM