This document provides information on various vaccines used in India's national immunization schedule. It defines key terms related to immunization and vaccination. The national schedule recommends vaccines for diseases like tuberculosis, polio, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, hepatitis B, Hib, measles, and others to be administered to infants and children at specific ages. Details are provided on vaccine names, ingredients, dosage, administration route and effectiveness. The history and achievements of immunization programs in India and globally are also summarized.
The Power of Vaccines: ‘getting to zero’ for HIV and TB was an event hosted by the TB/HIV and Prevention Working Groups of the UK Consortium on AIDS and International Development. The meeting was sponsored by Pamela Nash MP and held on Friday, 18th May 2012, in Portcullis House, Westminster. Read more at http://storify.com/PamojaUK/the-power-of-vaccines
http://www.pamoja.uk.com
This presentation aims at helping the pediatric trainees and practitioners to brush up their knowledge in Immunization. The schedule is based on the Universal Immunisation Programme. I have tried to cover as much as possible in terms of individual vaccines and hope it is beneficial to the reader.
Universal Programme Immunization as per World Health Organisation in India with Cold Chain and Vaccine Storage in Overall Health Management for Children under 5 years of age
The Power of Vaccines: ‘getting to zero’ for HIV and TB was an event hosted by the TB/HIV and Prevention Working Groups of the UK Consortium on AIDS and International Development. The meeting was sponsored by Pamela Nash MP and held on Friday, 18th May 2012, in Portcullis House, Westminster. Read more at http://storify.com/PamojaUK/the-power-of-vaccines
http://www.pamoja.uk.com
This presentation aims at helping the pediatric trainees and practitioners to brush up their knowledge in Immunization. The schedule is based on the Universal Immunisation Programme. I have tried to cover as much as possible in terms of individual vaccines and hope it is beneficial to the reader.
Universal Programme Immunization as per World Health Organisation in India with Cold Chain and Vaccine Storage in Overall Health Management for Children under 5 years of age
Some special situations, such as Prematurity,immunosuppression, pregnancy and exposure to infectious diseases increased the risk of diseases or adverse post-vaccination events or weak immuno response to vaccine .
In these situations, special vaccines or special vaccination schedules are indicated, or vaccines should be postponed or even forbidden.
the ppt describes the pentavalent and trivalent according to the national immunisation program,india in an easy to understand and interactive form.useful for students and tutors.
also has a FAQ section.
Immunization (either natural or artificial) provides protection to body against foreign antigenic species. Recent developments in this field have lead to the successful treatment of many such health disorders.
immunization of children is essential to prevent childhood illness, morbidity and mortality. immunization or vaccination is the way of protecting child from infectious diseases.
Some special situations, such as Prematurity,immunosuppression, pregnancy and exposure to infectious diseases increased the risk of diseases or adverse post-vaccination events or weak immuno response to vaccine .
In these situations, special vaccines or special vaccination schedules are indicated, or vaccines should be postponed or even forbidden.
the ppt describes the pentavalent and trivalent according to the national immunisation program,india in an easy to understand and interactive form.useful for students and tutors.
also has a FAQ section.
Immunization (either natural or artificial) provides protection to body against foreign antigenic species. Recent developments in this field have lead to the successful treatment of many such health disorders.
immunization of children is essential to prevent childhood illness, morbidity and mortality. immunization or vaccination is the way of protecting child from infectious diseases.
Panel discussion moderated by Prof Paul Heath at Meningitis Research Foundation's 2013 Conference, Meningitis and Septicaemia in Children and Adults
Panellists: Prof Adam Finn, University of Bristol, Dr Simon Nadel, Prof Robert Read, Dr Matthew Snape and Dr Caroline Trotter
Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine. Immunization helps protect the child from life threatening diseases. It also helps reduce the spread of disease to others. Vaccines stimulate the body’s own immune system to protect the person against subsequent infection or
disease. Babies are born with some natural immunity which they get from their mother through breast-feeding. This immunity gradually diminishes as the baby's own immune system starts to develop. Immunization is one of the most cost-effective health investments and vaccination does not require any
major lifestyle change. There are two main types of immunization, active immunization and passive immunization.
Both types of immunization prepare the body to fight against certain diseases.
Immunization is single most important step towards control and elimination of infectious disease.
With regards to epidemiology and population demographics, various changes are made from time to time in Immunization Schedule of the National Health Programme.
This slide show encompasses the recent changes made by National Health Commission with regards to Immunization Schedule.
Immunization, or immunisation, is the process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified against an infectious agent (known as the immunogen).
Overview of vaccine and vaccination, types of vaccines with examples, vaccine production technique, adverse effects of vaccination, precautions
Email: jeevan@smail.nchu.edu.tw
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
2. DEFINITIONDEFINITION
Protection from preventableProtection from preventable
diseases,disabilities and deaths.diseases,disabilities and deaths.
Birth right of every childBirth right of every child
Most costeffective healthcare interventionMost costeffective healthcare intervention
Greek word ‘ímmune’ means ‘ to be protectedGreek word ‘ímmune’ means ‘ to be protected
’.’.
3. Acquired immunity: protection offered byAcquired immunity: protection offered by
introduction of various antigens or antibodiesintroduction of various antigens or antibodies
The process by which this is obtained isThe process by which this is obtained is
known as immunisationknown as immunisation
Active immunisation: SpecificActive immunisation: Specific antigensantigens evokeevoke
the needed immune responsethe needed immune response
Passive immunisation:Antibodies are suppliedPassive immunisation:Antibodies are supplied
readymade as immunoglobulins and sera.readymade as immunoglobulins and sera.
4. Some definitionsSome definitions
Vaccination: Process of inoculating theVaccination: Process of inoculating the
vaccine or the antigenvaccine or the antigen
Immunisation: Process of inducing immuneImmunisation: Process of inducing immune
response, humoral or cell mediated.response, humoral or cell mediated.
Seroconversion: Change from antibodySeroconversion: Change from antibody
negative state to antibody positive state.negative state to antibody positive state.
Seroprotection: The state of protection (fromSeroprotection: The state of protection (from
disease) due to presence of humoral immunitydisease) due to presence of humoral immunity
or antibody detectable in serumor antibody detectable in serum
5. HistoryHistory
Jenner: Cowpox vaccine – 1796Jenner: Cowpox vaccine – 1796
Pasteur: Rabies prophylaxis – 1885Pasteur: Rabies prophylaxis – 1885
EPI: WHO 1974, India – 1978EPI: WHO 1974, India – 1978
UIP: India – 1985UIP: India – 1985
Child vaccine initiative: with support from severalChild vaccine initiative: with support from several
international agencies – 1991international agencies – 1991
Global programme on vaccines: WHO – 1993Global programme on vaccines: WHO – 1993
Global alliance for vaccine and immunisation - 1999Global alliance for vaccine and immunisation - 1999
6. ACHIEVEMENTSACHIEVEMENTS
Small pox eradicated in 1977Small pox eradicated in 1977
EPI coverage of > 80% by 1990EPI coverage of > 80% by 1990
Certification for polio eradication by 2005Certification for polio eradication by 2005
Over 3 million lives saved globally, annuallyOver 3 million lives saved globally, annually
11. Cold chainCold chain
The system of transporting, distributing andThe system of transporting, distributing and
storing vaccines from the manufacturers right upstoring vaccines from the manufacturers right up
to the point of use under refrigeration using anyto the point of use under refrigeration using any
convenient method is referred to as cold chainconvenient method is referred to as cold chain
Vital link in immunisationVital link in immunisation
If not maintained, vaccine efficacy will grosslyIf not maintained, vaccine efficacy will grossly
suffersuffer
Safe temp. zone – mandatory to maintain potencySafe temp. zone – mandatory to maintain potency
Safe zone for short term storage (1-2 months)is 2-Safe zone for short term storage (1-2 months)is 2-
8 deg C. For long term storage –20 degC is used8 deg C. For long term storage –20 degC is used
only for BCG,OPV,Measles/MMRonly for BCG,OPV,Measles/MMR
The T series of vaccine(DPT,DT,TT),typhoidThe T series of vaccine(DPT,DT,TT),typhoid
Vi,Hep B should not be frozen as once frozen theVi,Hep B should not be frozen as once frozen the
aluminium salts used as adjuvant will bealuminium salts used as adjuvant will be
desiccated and will act as irritantdesiccated and will act as irritantsterile abcesssterile abcess
12. NAMENAME BCG-LAV.Danish bovine strainBCG-LAV.Danish bovine strain
CONTENTCONTENT BCG strain of bovine mycobacterium-BCG strain of bovine mycobacterium-
3-10 million bac/dose3-10 million bac/dose
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION At birth/first contactAt birth/first contact
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Single doseSingle dose
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil
DOSEDOSE 0.05 ml(newborn)0.1 ml(infants and0.05 ml(newborn)0.1 ml(infants and
childrenchildren
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN Intra dermal left deltoidIntra dermal left deltoid
EFFICACYEFFICACY 0-80%0-80%
C/IC/I ImmunodeficiencyImmunodeficiency
S/ES/E Axillary adenitisAxillary adenitis
14. NAMENAME Hepatits B(HBsAg)Hepatits B(HBsAg) Measles(LAV)Measles(LAV)
CONTENTCONTENT Plasma derived/yeast derivedPlasma derived/yeast derived
r-DNA/CHO cells derived r-r-DNA/CHO cells derived r-
DNADNA
1000TCID50.Schwarz or1000TCID50.Schwarz or
Edmonston Zagreb strainEdmonston Zagreb strain
1000 TCID/CCID1000 TCID/CCID
PREPARATNPREPARATN LiquidLiquid LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION Birth w/ I 48 hrsBirth w/ I 48 hrs6 wks6 wks >9 mo>9 mo
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Birth,6,14 wks/0,1,6 monthsBirth,6,14 wks/0,1,6 months 1 dose at 9-12 mo.21 dose at 9-12 mo.2ndnd
doseafter 3 mo if 1doseafter 3 mo if 1stst
dose<9 modose<9 mo
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil NilNil
DOSEDOSE 10 microgram,0.5 ml(<1010 microgram,0.5 ml(<10
yrs), 1 ml(>10 yrs)yrs), 1 ml(>10 yrs)
0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN I/M deltoidI/M deltoid S/C deltoidS/C deltoid
EFFICACYEFFICACY 90%90% 95%95%
C/IC/I NoneNone Imm def,anaphylaxis,eggImm def,anaphylaxis,egg
protein allergyprotein allergy
S/ES/E Local pain,erythemaLocal pain,erythema Fever ,rash after a weekFever ,rash after a week
15. NAMENAME MMR(LAV)MMR(LAV) Mumps(LAV)Mumps(LAV)
CONTENTCONTENT Measles asMeasles as
above,Mumps5000 TCID ofabove,Mumps5000 TCID of
Urabe AM-9,Rubella 1000Urabe AM-9,Rubella 1000
TCID of Wistar RA/3MTCID of Wistar RA/3M
L-Zagreb/Jerry LynnL-Zagreb/Jerry Lynn
strain 5000TCIDstrain 5000TCID
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION 15 mo15 mo 15 mo with M&R or at15 mo with M&R or at
11 yrs11 yrs
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Single doseSingle dose Single doseSingle dose
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil NilNil
DOSEDOSE 0.5ml0.5ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC deltoidSC deltoid SC deltoidSC deltoid
EFFICACYEFFICACY 95%95% 90-95%90-95%
C/IC/I As in measles+pregnancyAs in measles+pregnancy Imm defImm def
S/ES/E As in measlesAs in measles FeverFever
16. NAMENAME H Infl b(conjugate)H Infl b(conjugate)
PRPD/PRPT/HBOCPRPD/PRPT/HBOC
TYPHOID(KILLED)TYPHOID(KILLED)
CONTENTCONTENT H.Infl capsularH.Infl capsular
oligosaccharide –boligosaccharide –b
S.typhi 1000 millionS.typhi 1000 million
killed/mlkilled/ml
PREPARATNPREPARATN Liquid/freeze driedLiquid/freeze dried LiquidLiquid
INITIATIONINITIATION 6 wks6 wks 2 yrs2 yrs
SCHEDULESCHEDULE 6,10,14 wks/2,4,6 mo6,10,14 wks/2,4,6 mo 2 doses 4 wks apart2 doses 4 wks apart
BOOSTERBOOSTER After 1 yrAfter 1 yr Every 3 yrsEvery 3 yrs
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml.10 mcg0.5 ml.10 mcg 0.25 ml<10yrs,0.50.25 ml<10yrs,0.5
ml>10 yrsml>10 yrs
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC/IM-deltoid/ant lat thighSC/IM-deltoid/ant lat thigh SC deltoidSC deltoid
EFFICACYEFFICACY 90-100%90-100% 57-75%57-75%
C/IC/I NoneNone NoneNone
S/ES/E Local rxn,feverLocal rxn,fever Local rxn,feverLocal rxn,fever
18. NAMENAME PneumococcalPneumococcal HEP-A (inactivatedHEP-A (inactivated
vaccine)vaccine)
CONTENTCONTENT Capsular poly saccharideCapsular poly saccharide HM 175 of HAVHM 175 of HAV
720 ELU antigen/ml720 ELU antigen/ml
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised LiquidLiquid
INITIATIONINITIATION >2 yrs>2 yrs >2 yrs>2 yrs
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Single doseSingle dose 2 doses 0, 6 mo2 doses 0, 6 mo
BOOSTERBOOSTER Every 3-5 yrsEvery 3-5 yrs NilNil
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml0.5 ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC/IM over Ant. LatSC/IM over Ant. Lat
thighthigh
IM antero lat thighIM antero lat thigh
EFFICACYEFFICACY 85-90 %85-90 % 99%99%
C/IC/I First trimester pregnancyFirst trimester pregnancy NoneNone
19. NAMENAME Varicella vaccineVaricella vaccine Meningococcal A+CMeningococcal A+C
CONTENTCONTENT OKA strain of varicellaOKA strain of varicella
zoster10zoster1033
(3 PFU)(3 PFU)
N.meningitidisN.meningitidis
groupA,C 50 mcg eachgroupA,C 50 mcg each
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION >1 yr>1 yr For use only in endemicFor use only in endemic
areas duringareas during
epidemics.>2 yrsepidemics.>2 yrs
SCHEDULESCHEDULE 1-12 yrs(single dose),>131-12 yrs(single dose),>13
yrs 2 doses 1 mo apartyrs 2 doses 1 mo apart
Single doseSingle dose
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil 5 yrs5 yrs
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml0.5 ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC deltoidSC deltoid SC/IM-deltoid/Ant latSC/IM-deltoid/Ant lat
thighthigh
EFFICACYEFFICACY 95-100%95-100% 90-100%90-100%
C/IC/I NoneNone NoneNone
S/ES/E Varicella type rash after 1Varicella type rash after 1
wk with feverwk with fever
Local rxn, mild feverLocal rxn, mild fever
20. NAMENAME Japanese encephalitis(killedJapanese encephalitis(killed
monovalent)monovalent)
InfluenzaInfluenza
vaccine(inactivated-splitvaccine(inactivated-split
virion)virion)
CONTENTCONTENT Mouse brain(Nakayama/NIHMouse brain(Nakayama/NIH
strain) or Baby hamsterstrain) or Baby hamster
kidney(P-3) or Recombinantkidney(P-3) or Recombinant
DNA vaccineDNA vaccine
1.5 mcg hemaglutinin of1.5 mcg hemaglutinin of
each of the chosen straineach of the chosen strain
as suspensionas suspension
PREPARATNPREPARATN Freeze dried /liquidFreeze dried /liquid LiquidLiquid
INITIATIONINITIATION Same as meningo cocciSame as meningo cocci All agesAll ages
SCHEDULESCHEDULE 2 doses 1-2 wks interval2 doses 1-2 wks interval Single doseSingle dose
BOOSTERBOOSTER After 3-4 yrsAfter 3-4 yrs Every year with currentEvery year with current
strainstrain
DOSEDOSE 1 ml1 ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC-deltoid/ant lat thighSC-deltoid/ant lat thigh SC/IMSC/IM
EFFICACYEFFICACY 60-80%,100% after booster60-80%,100% after booster 80-90%80-90%
C/IC/I NoneNone Egg protein allergyEgg protein allergy
S/ES/E Local swelling,fever,malaiseLocal swelling,fever,malaise Local reaction,feverLocal reaction,fever
21. NAMENAME DPT wc+HB combinationDPT wc+HB combination DPT wc+HibDPT wc+Hib
CONTENTCONTENT D and T toxoid+PWC+D and T toxoid+PWC+
yeast derived r-DNAyeast derived r-DNA
HBsAgHBsAg
D &T toxoidD &T toxoid
PWC+capsularPWC+capsular
polysaccharide of Hibpolysaccharide of Hib
PREPARATNPREPARATN LiquidLiquid Lyophilised/liquidLyophilised/liquid
INITIATIONINITIATION 6 weeks6 weeks 6 wks6 wks
SCHEDULESCHEDULE 6,10,14 wks6,10,14 wks 6,10,14 wks6,10,14 wks
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil NilNil
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml0.5 ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN IMIM IMIM
EFFICACYEFFICACY 90-100%90-100% 90-100%90-100%
C/IC/I Same as DPTSame as DPT NoneNone
S/ES/E Fever,pain,local indurationFever,pain,local induration Mild fever,localMild fever,local
indurationinduration
22. NAMENAME Rabies (tissue culture)-inactivatedRabies (tissue culture)-inactivated
CONTENTCONTENT 1.1. HDCV(virus grown in Human DiploidHDCV(virus grown in Human Diploid
fibroblasts)fibroblasts)
2.2. PCEC (Chick embryo cells)PCEC (Chick embryo cells)
3.3. Vero cell(vervet monkey kidney cell)Vero cell(vervet monkey kidney cell)
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION Any age-/after dog biteAny age-/after dog bite
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Pre expo:0.7,21 days.PostPre expo:0.7,21 days.Post
expo:0,3,7,14,28.Re expo0,7(<5 yrs), fullexpo:0,3,7,14,28.Re expo0,7(<5 yrs), full
course(>5 yrs)course(>5 yrs)
BOOSTERBOOSTER First after 1 year then every 3 yrsFirst after 1 year then every 3 yrs
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml/1ml depending on preparatn0.5 ml/1ml depending on preparatn
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN S/C deltoid/ ant lat thighS/C deltoid/ ant lat thigh
EFFICACYEFFICACY 90-100%90-100%
C/IC/I NoneNone
S/ES/E Local pain,rarely encephalopathyLocal pain,rarely encephalopathy
23. BCG VaccineBCG Vaccine
Attenuated M. Bovis developed in 1921Attenuated M. Bovis developed in 1921
Protects against TB meningitis ,Miliary T BProtects against TB meningitis ,Miliary T B
Maternal antibodies do not interfere as CMI notMaternal antibodies do not interfere as CMI not
transplacentally transferredtransplacentally transferred
Induces long term protectionInduces long term protection
Supplied freeze dried and stored frozen orSupplied freeze dried and stored frozen or
refrigeratedrefrigerated
Reconstituted vaccine to be used w/I 4-6 hrsReconstituted vaccine to be used w/I 4-6 hrs
Dose 0.05 ml(infants),0.1 ml(infants and children)Dose 0.05 ml(infants),0.1 ml(infants and children)
Intra-dermal over left deltoidIntra-dermal over left deltoid
Local lesion due to bacterial multiplication whichLocal lesion due to bacterial multiplication which
heals leaving a scar in 12 wks(repeat if no scar)heals leaving a scar in 12 wks(repeat if no scar)
C/I- Immune deficiencyC/I- Immune deficiency
Side effect-Axillary adenitisSide effect-Axillary adenitis
24. OPVOPV
Live attenuated polio virus types1,2&3-developed byLive attenuated polio virus types1,2&3-developed by
sabin ,1961sabin ,1961
Temperature sensitive store frozen or refrigeratedTemperature sensitive store frozen or refrigerated
Can be given simultaneous with any other vaccineCan be given simultaneous with any other vaccine
Multiple doses necessary to ensure vaccine virus takeMultiple doses necessary to ensure vaccine virus take
and response to all three types of virusesand response to all three types of viruses
IAP recommends additional doses of opv as a part ofIAP recommends additional doses of opv as a part of
pulse polio program every year till age of 5 yrspulse polio program every year till age of 5 yrs
25. Why PULSE POLIO?Why PULSE POLIO?
On national immunisation days(NIDs) pulse doses ofOn national immunisation days(NIDs) pulse doses of
oral polio vaccine has to be administered asoral polio vaccine has to be administered as
simultaneous feeding of vaccine to all susceptibles issimultaneous feeding of vaccine to all susceptibles is
neede to produce immunity, by preventing wild polioneede to produce immunity, by preventing wild polio
viruses from multiplying in the gutviruses from multiplying in the gut
It is mandatory to give all reccomended doses inIt is mandatory to give all reccomended doses in
NIDs so that no wild virus remains in circulationNIDs so that no wild virus remains in circulation
OPV is contraindicated inOPV is contraindicated in
immunodeficiency,HIV,active viral infectionsimmunodeficiency,HIV,active viral infections
No side effectsNo side effects
26. IPVIPV
Formaldehyde killed polio virus grown inFormaldehyde killed polio virus grown in
monkey kidney or human diploid cellmonkey kidney or human diploid cell
Contains 20,8,32 D antigen units against typeContains 20,8,32 D antigen units against type
1,2,3 polio viruses respectively1,2,3 polio viruses respectively
Seroconversion 90-95% after 2 doses,99%Seroconversion 90-95% after 2 doses,99%
after 3 dosesafter 3 doses
Thermo stable and indicated inThermo stable and indicated in
immunocompromised and HIVimmunocompromised and HIV
27. DPTDPT
Diphteria toxoid(Ramon &Glenny,1923)Diphteria toxoid(Ramon &Glenny,1923)
Killed Bordetella pertusis(Madsen ,1923)Killed Bordetella pertusis(Madsen ,1923)
Tetanus toxoid(Ramon & Zoeller,1927)Tetanus toxoid(Ramon & Zoeller,1927)
Toxoids adjuvated (Aluminium hydroxide/Toxoids adjuvated (Aluminium hydroxide/
phosphate)phosphate)
Vaccine supplied as liquid, stored refrigeratedVaccine supplied as liquid, stored refrigerated
Aluminium adjuvated vaccine must not be frozenAluminium adjuvated vaccine must not be frozen
0.5 ml injected IM on anterolateral asoect of thigh.0.5 ml injected IM on anterolateral asoect of thigh.
28. Parents must be alerted about local reactionParents must be alerted about local reaction
and fever(PCT given)and fever(PCT given)
IAP recommends 2IAP recommends 2ndnd
booster at 5 yrsbooster at 5 yrs
H/O convulsion not contradictionH/O convulsion not contradiction
Progressive neurological disease or seriousProgressive neurological disease or serious
adverse reaction to earlier dose areadverse reaction to earlier dose are
contraindications for DPT(replace with DT)contraindications for DPT(replace with DT)
29. MeaslesMeasles
Live attenuated vaccine developed by Enders-Live attenuated vaccine developed by Enders-
19601960
Vaccine further attenuated by Schwarz,Vaccine further attenuated by Schwarz,
Edmonston-ZagrebEdmonston-Zagreb
Supplied freeze dried- store frozen or refrigeratedSupplied freeze dried- store frozen or refrigerated
Use reconstituted vaccine in 4-6 hrs(refrigerate doUse reconstituted vaccine in 4-6 hrs(refrigerate do
not freeze)not freeze)
0.5 ml injected S/C preferably right upper arm0.5 ml injected S/C preferably right upper arm
Age at which recommended 9 monthsAge at which recommended 9 months
During outbreak>6 monthsDuring outbreak>6 months
If given < 9 mo repeat dose after 3 moIf given < 9 mo repeat dose after 3 mo
Possibility of fever for 5-10 daysPossibility of fever for 5-10 days
MMR-0.5ml S/C over deltoid(15 mo)MMR-0.5ml S/C over deltoid(15 mo)
30. TyphoidTyphoid
WHOLE CELLWHOLE CELL::
Killed S.typhi often with S.paratyphi A(TA)Killed S.typhi often with S.paratyphi A(TA)
Developed by Wright ,1896Developed by Wright ,1896
Liquid,store refrigerated,inject S/CLiquid,store refrigerated,inject S/C
Primary course:2 doses 4 wks apart at 6-9 mo of agePrimary course:2 doses 4 wks apart at 6-9 mo of age
or at any ageor at any age
Boosters once in 3-5 yrsBoosters once in 3-5 yrs
Dose :0.25-0.5 ml S/C for primary,0.1ml for boosterDose :0.25-0.5 ml S/C for primary,0.1ml for booster
31. Vi POLSACCHARIDEVi POLSACCHARIDE::
Developed by Robbins,1984Developed by Robbins,1984
Liquid, adjuvated,store refrigeratedLiquid, adjuvated,store refrigerated
Inject IM at or after 2 yrs of age(0.5 ml)Inject IM at or after 2 yrs of age(0.5 ml)
Booster after 3 yrsBooster after 3 yrs
32. ORALORAL::
Live attenuated S.typhi developed byLive attenuated S.typhi developed by
Germanier,1975Germanier,1975
Strain name:Ty 21aStrain name:Ty 21a
Enteric coated capsules,store refrigerated,Enteric coated capsules,store refrigerated,
administer orally 3 doses on alternate daysadminister orally 3 doses on alternate days
Repeat 3-5 yrs laterRepeat 3-5 yrs later
Recommende age7 yrs or aboveRecommende age7 yrs or above
33. Hib vaccineHib vaccine
H . Influenza B-capsular polysaccharideH . Influenza B-capsular polysaccharide
Liquid or freeze driedLiquid or freeze dried
Age of initiation 6 wksAge of initiation 6 wks
3 doses 6,10,14 wks/2,4,6 mo3 doses 6,10,14 wks/2,4,6 mo
Booster 1 yr after primary doseBooster 1 yr after primary dose
Dose 0.5 ml SC/IM over deltoid orDose 0.5 ml SC/IM over deltoid or
anterolateral aspect of thighanterolateral aspect of thigh
34. ADDITIONAL VACCINESADDITIONAL VACCINES
Varicella vaccineVaricella vaccine::
Developed by Takahashi in 1971,JapanDeveloped by Takahashi in 1971,Japan
Live attenuated Oka strain.Live attenuated Oka strain.
Vaccine available as lyophilized powderVaccine available as lyophilized powder
Dissolve in 0.5 ml diluentDissolve in 0.5 ml diluent
SC 0.5 mlSC 0.5 ml
Single dose 1-12 yrsSingle dose 1-12 yrs
>13 yrs 2 doses at 1 mo interval>13 yrs 2 doses at 1 mo interval
35. Hepatitis AHepatitis A
Inactivated vaccine containing H M 175 strainInactivated vaccine containing H M 175 strain
grown in MRC5 cell line.grown in MRC5 cell line.
Pediatric formulation 720 ELU IM; 2 doses 6Pediatric formulation 720 ELU IM; 2 doses 6
mo apart between 2-18 yrsmo apart between 2-18 yrs
>19 yrs 1440 ELU 2 doses 6 months apart>19 yrs 1440 ELU 2 doses 6 months apart
Efficacy 94-100%Efficacy 94-100%
No boostersNo boosters
36. Vaccines recommended duringVaccines recommended during
epidemicsepidemics
Japanese B Encephalitis vaccineJapanese B Encephalitis vaccine
Meningococcal A&CMeningococcal A&C
37. Vaccines for high risk groupVaccines for high risk group
PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINEPNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE::
Polysaccharide vaccine(23 valent)Polysaccharide vaccine(23 valent)
7 Valent conjugated with CRM 197 diphtheria7 Valent conjugated with CRM 197 diphtheria
toxintoxin
23 valent effective after 2 yrs of age23 valent effective after 2 yrs of age
Single dose 0.5 ml IM with booster every 3-5Single dose 0.5 ml IM with booster every 3-5
yrsyrs
38. IndicationsIndications
Sickle cell diseaseSickle cell disease
Nephrotic syndrome in remissionNephrotic syndrome in remission
Congenital or acquired asplenia/splenic dys functionCongenital or acquired asplenia/splenic dys function
HIVHIV
Chronic cardiac/pulmonary diseaseChronic cardiac/pulmonary disease
Immunodeficient conditionsImmunodeficient conditions
CSF leakCSF leak
Diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus
39. Combination vaccinesCombination vaccines
DPT/HiB/HepBDPT/HiB/HepB
Benefits:Benefits:
1. Reduced number of injections1. Reduced number of injections
2. Reduced pain and parental anxiety2. Reduced pain and parental anxiety
3. High compliance, low drop out rates,enhanced3. High compliance, low drop out rates,enhanced
coveragecoverage
4. Reduced no: of visits4. Reduced no: of visits
5. Less storage space5. Less storage space
6. Less burden on cold chain6. Less burden on cold chain
40. Vaccination schedule forVaccination schedule for
unimmunised childunimmunised child
<5 yrs<5 yrs >5 yrs>5 yrs
First visitFirst visit BCG,OPV,DPT,BCG,OPV,DPT,
HBHB
TT/Td,HBTT/Td,HB
22NDND
visit(1 movisit(1 mo
later)later)
OPV,DPT,HBOPV,DPT,HB TT/Td,HBTT/Td,HB
33RDRD
visit(1 movisit(1 mo
later)later)
OPV,DPT,MMOPV,DPT,MM
R/Measles,TyphR/Measles,Typh
MMR,TyphMMR,Typh
1 yr later1 yr later OPV,DPT,HBOPV,DPT,HB HBHB
Every 3 yrsEvery 3 yrs Typh boosterTyph booster Typh boosterTyph booster
41. Newer vaccinesNewer vaccines
Live attenuated varicella(oka)strainLive attenuated varicella(oka)strain
Killed hep A virus vaccineKilled hep A virus vaccine
23 valent pneumococcal vaccine23 valent pneumococcal vaccine
Influenza virus vaccineInfluenza virus vaccine
Combination vaccinesCombination vaccines
42. Vaccines available in otherVaccines available in other
countriescountries
Conjugated pneumococcal vaccine(7 valent)Conjugated pneumococcal vaccine(7 valent)
Conjugated S.typhi Vi vaccineConjugated S.typhi Vi vaccine
Rota virus vaccineRota virus vaccine
Combination vaccinesCombination vaccines
44. ADVERSEADVERSE
EVENTEVENT
VACVAC
CINCIN
EE
SYMPTOMSSYMPTOMS MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
AnaphylaxisAnaphylaxis anyany W/I minutes,acuteW/I minutes,acute
decompensation ofdecompensation of
circ.circ.
System,hypovolemicSystem,hypovolemic
shock,laryngealshock,laryngeal
spasm/edema.Acutespasm/edema.Acute
respiratory distressrespiratory distress
Adrenaline,CPR,IVAdrenaline,CPR,IV
volume expandersvolume expanders
oror
dopamine/dobutamdopamine/dobutam
ine, hydrocortisoneine, hydrocortisone
Hypotensive,Hypotensive,
hyporesponsihyporesponsi
ve episodesve episodes
DPTDPT Within 12 hrs.AcuteWithin 12 hrs.Acute
paleness.Transientpaleness.Transient
decreased levels/lossdecreased levels/loss
of consciousness.Decof consciousness.Dec
muscle tonemuscle tone
IV fluids,IV fluids,
dexamethasone,oxdexamethasone,ox
ygenygen
45. ADVERSEADVERSE
EVENTEVENT
VACCINEVACCINE SYMPTOMSSYMPTOMS MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
Incessant cryIncessant cry DPTDPT Within 48-72Within 48-72
hrs.Excessivehrs.Excessive
inconsolableinconsolable
cryingcrying
Sedation withSedation with
triclofos-triclofos-
50mg/kg/day+PC50mg/kg/day+PC
T+feeding adviceT+feeding advice
Toxic shockToxic shock
syndromesyndrome
MeaslesMeasles
contaminaticontaminati
on by S.on by S.
AureusAureus
Within 30 min-Within 30 min-
few hrs.few hrs.
MountingMounting
fever,vomiting,fever,vomiting,
diarrhoea,septicdiarrhoea,septic
shockshock
IV fluids,antiIV fluids,anti
microbials,cloxacilmicrobials,cloxacil
lin 50-100lin 50-100
mg/kg/day,mg/kg/day,
steroids,antipyretisteroids,antipyreti
cs,supportivecs,supportive
therapytherapy
46. ADVERSEADVERSE
EVENTEVENT
VACCINEVACCINE SYMPTOMSSYMPTOMS MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
lymphadenitislymphadenitis BCGBCG Within 2-6Within 2-6
months firm-softmonths firm-soft
axillaryaxillary
lmphadenitis1.5-lmphadenitis1.5-
3 cm with/3 cm with/
without sinuswithout sinus
If firm noIf firm no
treatment.Iftreatment.If
soft&fluctuantsoft&fluctuant
HR3.Aspiration ifHR3.Aspiration if
needed.Steroid ifneeded.Steroid if
sinus presentsinus present
BacterialBacterial
abcessabcess
AnyAny
vaccinevaccine
Within 72Within 72
hrs,fluctuant orhrs,fluctuant or
firm abcess withfirm abcess with
or without feveror without fever
Antibiotics, AntiAntibiotics, Anti
pyretics,drainagepyretics,drainage
if neededif needed
47. ADVERSEADVERSE
EVENTEVENT
VACCINEVACCINE SYMPTOMSSYMPTOMS MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
Sterile abcessSterile abcess DPT,DT,TTDPT,DT,TT
,Typhoid &,Typhoid &
HEP BHEP B
By 72 hrsBy 72 hrs
,minimum,minimum
inflamation, noinflamation, no
feverfever
Drainage if neededDrainage if needed
Moderate toModerate to
severe localsevere local
reactionreaction
AnyAny
vaccinevaccine
Non fluctuantNon fluctuant
swelling/rednessswelling/redness
3-10 cm in size3-10 cm in size
at injection siteat injection site
ParacetamolParacetamol
49. IAP recommendations onIAP recommendations on
Immunisation,2003Immunisation,2003
The IAPCOI-Indian Academy of PediatricsThe IAPCOI-Indian Academy of Pediatrics
Committee On Immunisation,has formulatedCommittee On Immunisation,has formulated
several scientific recommendations to otherseveral scientific recommendations to other
agencies pertaining to Immunisationagencies pertaining to Immunisation
50. Recommendation to federation ofRecommendation to federation of
OBG societies of IndiaOBG societies of India
To adopt routine testing of all pregnant womenTo adopt routine testing of all pregnant women
for HBV infection and if mother is positivefor HBV infection and if mother is positive
baby should be given HBIG+HB vaccine soonbaby should be given HBIG+HB vaccine soon
after birthafter birth
51. Recommendations to MinistryRecommendations to Ministry
of Health, Govt of Indiaof Health, Govt of India
1.1. The academy should be represented on NationalThe academy should be represented on National
Technical Advisory Group on ImmunisationTechnical Advisory Group on Immunisation
2.2. At 5 yrs booster immunisation with DPT rather thanAt 5 yrs booster immunisation with DPT rather than
DT.DT.
3.3. Inactivated polio vaccine should be licensed andInactivated polio vaccine should be licensed and
gradually introduced in phased mannergradually introduced in phased manner
4.4. Hep B and MMR vaccine should be included inHep B and MMR vaccine should be included in
national immunisation schedule immediatelynational immunisation schedule immediately
5.5. Govt. should consider inclusion of typhoidGovt. should consider inclusion of typhoid
vaccine(Vi polysaccharide/whole cell inactivated) invaccine(Vi polysaccharide/whole cell inactivated) in
the national immunisation schedulethe national immunisation schedule
6.6. Another vaccine to be included is HibAnother vaccine to be included is Hib
7.7. Ensuring adequate supply of chick embryo/ tissueEnsuring adequate supply of chick embryo/ tissue
culture rabies vaccineculture rabies vaccine
55. NAMENAME Hepatits B(HBsAg)Hepatits B(HBsAg) Measles(LAV)Measles(LAV)
CONTENTCONTENT Plasma derived/yeast derivedPlasma derived/yeast derived
r-DNA/CHO cells derived r-r-DNA/CHO cells derived r-
DNADNA
1000TCID50.Schwarz or1000TCID50.Schwarz or
Edmonston Zagreb strainEdmonston Zagreb strain
1000 TCID/CCID1000 TCID/CCID
PREPARATNPREPARATN LiquidLiquid LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION Birth w/ I 48 hrsBirth w/ I 48 hrs6 wks6 wks >9 mo>9 mo
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Birth,6,14 wks/0,1,6 monthsBirth,6,14 wks/0,1,6 months 1 dose at 9-12 mo.21 dose at 9-12 mo.2ndnd
doseafter 3 mo if 1doseafter 3 mo if 1stst
dose<9 modose<9 mo
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil NilNil
DOSEDOSE 10 microgram,0.5 ml(<1010 microgram,0.5 ml(<10
yrs), 1 ml(>10 yrs)yrs), 1 ml(>10 yrs)
0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN I/M deltoidI/M deltoid S/C deltoidS/C deltoid
EFFICACYEFFICACY 90%90% 95%95%
C/IC/I NoneNone Imm def,anaphylaxis,eggImm def,anaphylaxis,egg
protein allergyprotein allergy
S/ES/E Local pain,erythemaLocal pain,erythema Fever ,rash after a weekFever ,rash after a week
56. NAMENAME MMR(LAV)MMR(LAV) Mumps(LAV)Mumps(LAV)
CONTENTCONTENT Measles asMeasles as
above,Mumps5000 TCID ofabove,Mumps5000 TCID of
Urabe AM-9,Rubella 1000Urabe AM-9,Rubella 1000
TCID of Wistar RA/3MTCID of Wistar RA/3M
L-Zagreb/Jerry LynnL-Zagreb/Jerry Lynn
strain 5000TCIDstrain 5000TCID
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION 15 mo15 mo 15 mo with M&R or at15 mo with M&R or at
11 yrs11 yrs
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Single doseSingle dose Single doseSingle dose
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil NilNil
DOSEDOSE 0.5ml0.5ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC deltoidSC deltoid SC deltoidSC deltoid
EFFICACYEFFICACY 95%95% 90-95%90-95%
C/IC/I As in measles+pregnancyAs in measles+pregnancy Imm defImm def
S/ES/E As in measlesAs in measles FeverFever
57. NAMENAME H Infl b(conjugate)H Infl b(conjugate)
PRPD/PRPT/HBOCPRPD/PRPT/HBOC
TYPHOID(KILLED)TYPHOID(KILLED)
CONTENTCONTENT H.Infl capsularH.Infl capsular
oligosaccharide –boligosaccharide –b
S.typhi 1000 millionS.typhi 1000 million
killed/mlkilled/ml
PREPARATNPREPARATN Liquid/freeze driedLiquid/freeze dried LiquidLiquid
INITIATIONINITIATION 6 wks6 wks 2 yrs2 yrs
SCHEDULESCHEDULE 6,10,14 wks/2,4,6 mo6,10,14 wks/2,4,6 mo 2 doses 4 wks apart2 doses 4 wks apart
BOOSTERBOOSTER After 1 yrAfter 1 yr Every 3 yrsEvery 3 yrs
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml.10 mcg0.5 ml.10 mcg 0.25 ml<10yrs,0.50.25 ml<10yrs,0.5
ml>10 yrsml>10 yrs
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC/IM-deltoid/ant lat thighSC/IM-deltoid/ant lat thigh SC deltoidSC deltoid
EFFICACYEFFICACY 90-100%90-100% 57-75%57-75%
C/IC/I NoneNone NoneNone
S/ES/E Local rxn,feverLocal rxn,fever Local rxn,feverLocal rxn,fever
59. NAMENAME PneumococcalPneumococcal HEP-A (inactivatedHEP-A (inactivated
vaccine)vaccine)
CONTENTCONTENT Capsular poly saccharideCapsular poly saccharide HM 175 of HAVHM 175 of HAV
720 ELU antigen/ml720 ELU antigen/ml
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised LiquidLiquid
INITIATIONINITIATION >2 yrs>2 yrs >2 yrs>2 yrs
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Single doseSingle dose 2 doses 0, 6 mo2 doses 0, 6 mo
BOOSTERBOOSTER Every 3-5 yrsEvery 3-5 yrs NilNil
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml0.5 ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC/IM over Ant. LatSC/IM over Ant. Lat
thighthigh
IM antero lat thighIM antero lat thigh
EFFICACYEFFICACY 85-90 %85-90 % 99%99%
C/IC/I First trimester pregnancyFirst trimester pregnancy NoneNone
60. NAMENAME Varicella vaccineVaricella vaccine Meningococcal A+CMeningococcal A+C
CONTENTCONTENT OKA strain of varicellaOKA strain of varicella
zoster10zoster1033
(3 PFU)(3 PFU)
N.meningitidisN.meningitidis
groupA,C 50 mcg eachgroupA,C 50 mcg each
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION >1 yr>1 yr For use only in endemicFor use only in endemic
areas duringareas during
epidemics.>2 yrsepidemics.>2 yrs
SCHEDULESCHEDULE 1-12 yrs(single dose),>131-12 yrs(single dose),>13
yrs 2 doses 1 mo apartyrs 2 doses 1 mo apart
Single doseSingle dose
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil 5 yrs5 yrs
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml0.5 ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC deltoidSC deltoid SC/IM-deltoid/Ant latSC/IM-deltoid/Ant lat
thighthigh
EFFICACYEFFICACY 95-100%95-100% 90-100%90-100%
C/IC/I NoneNone NoneNone
S/ES/E Varicella type rash after 1Varicella type rash after 1
wk with feverwk with fever
Local rxn, mild feverLocal rxn, mild fever
61. NAMENAME Japanese encephalitis(killedJapanese encephalitis(killed
monovalent)monovalent)
InfluenzaInfluenza
vaccine(inactivated-splitvaccine(inactivated-split
virion)virion)
CONTENTCONTENT Mouse brain(Nakayama/NIHMouse brain(Nakayama/NIH
strain) or Baby hamsterstrain) or Baby hamster
kidney(P-3) or Recombinantkidney(P-3) or Recombinant
DNA vaccineDNA vaccine
1.5 mcg hemaglutinin of1.5 mcg hemaglutinin of
each of the chosen straineach of the chosen strain
as suspensionas suspension
PREPARATNPREPARATN Freeze dried /liquidFreeze dried /liquid LiquidLiquid
INITIATIONINITIATION Same as meningo cocciSame as meningo cocci All agesAll ages
SCHEDULESCHEDULE 2 doses 1-2 wks interval2 doses 1-2 wks interval Single doseSingle dose
BOOSTERBOOSTER After 3-4 yrsAfter 3-4 yrs Every year with currentEvery year with current
strainstrain
DOSEDOSE 1 ml1 ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN SC-deltoid/ant lat thighSC-deltoid/ant lat thigh SC/IMSC/IM
EFFICACYEFFICACY 60-80%,100% after booster60-80%,100% after booster 80-90%80-90%
C/IC/I NoneNone Egg protein allergyEgg protein allergy
S/ES/E Local swelling,fever,malaiseLocal swelling,fever,malaise Local reaction,feverLocal reaction,fever
62. NAMENAME DPT wc+HB combinationDPT wc+HB combination DPT wc+HibDPT wc+Hib
CONTENTCONTENT D and T toxoid+PWC+D and T toxoid+PWC+
yeast derived r-DNAyeast derived r-DNA
HBsAgHBsAg
D &T toxoidD &T toxoid
PWC+capsularPWC+capsular
polysaccharide of Hibpolysaccharide of Hib
PREPARATNPREPARATN LiquidLiquid Lyophilised/liquidLyophilised/liquid
INITIATIONINITIATION 6 weeks6 weeks 6 wks6 wks
SCHEDULESCHEDULE 6,10,14 wks6,10,14 wks 6,10,14 wks6,10,14 wks
BOOSTERBOOSTER NilNil NilNil
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml0.5 ml 0.5 ml0.5 ml
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN IMIM IMIM
EFFICACYEFFICACY 90-100%90-100% 90-100%90-100%
C/IC/I Same as DPTSame as DPT NoneNone
S/ES/E Fever,pain,local indurationFever,pain,local induration Mild fever,localMild fever,local
indurationinduration
63. NAMENAME Rabies (tissue culture)-inactivatedRabies (tissue culture)-inactivated
CONTENTCONTENT 1.1. HDCV(virus grown in Human DiploidHDCV(virus grown in Human Diploid
fibroblasts)fibroblasts)
2.2. PCEC (Chick embryo cells)PCEC (Chick embryo cells)
3.3. Vero cell(vervet monkey kidney cell)Vero cell(vervet monkey kidney cell)
PREPARATNPREPARATN LyophilisedLyophilised
INITIATIONINITIATION Any age-/after dog biteAny age-/after dog bite
SCHEDULESCHEDULE Pre expo:0.7,21 days.PostPre expo:0.7,21 days.Post
expo:0,3,7,14,28.Re expo0,7(<5 yrs), fullexpo:0,3,7,14,28.Re expo0,7(<5 yrs), full
course(>5 yrs)course(>5 yrs)
BOOSTERBOOSTER First after 1 year then every 3 yrsFirst after 1 year then every 3 yrs
DOSEDOSE 0.5 ml/1ml depending on preparatn0.5 ml/1ml depending on preparatn
ADMNSTRNADMNSTRN S/C deltoid/ ant lat thighS/C deltoid/ ant lat thigh
EFFICACYEFFICACY 90-100%90-100%
C/IC/I NoneNone
S/ES/E Local pain,rarely encephalopathyLocal pain,rarely encephalopathy