Presented by Siboniso Moyo, Barbara Wieland, Carlo Fadda (Bioversity International), Simon Langan (IWMI), Andrew Mude and Peter Ballantyne at the SDC visit to the ILRI Ethiopia campus, 16 July 2015

1. Introducing some ILRI and CGIAR
activities in Ethiopia
SDC visit to the ILRI Ethiopia campus
16 July 2015
Siboniso Moyo, Barbara Wieland, Carlo Fadda (Bioversity International),
Simon Langan (IWMI), Andrew Mude and Peter Ballantyne

2. Agenda
Introductions
A CGIAR campus
Research insights
• Genetics: boosting rural livelihoods
• Healthy animals and people in value chains
• Nutrition security
• Water and natural resources
• Drylands and resilience: public-private and regional actions
Q&A

3. Addis Ababa – A CGIAR campus
Hosted here:
11 CGIAR centres
1 int. ag research
2 CGIAR investors
Close neighbours:
EIAR
MOA
FAO

4. Hotspot for CGIAR research programs
• Agriculture for Nutrition and
Health
• Climate Change, Agriculture
and Food Security
• Dryland Systems
• Genebanks
• Humidtropics
• Livestock and Fish
• Maize
• Policies, Institutions, and
Markets
• Water, Land and Ecosystems

5. ILRI’s roles in the CGIAR
• Livestock are part of many other issues and agendas. Thus ILRI
contributes to different CGIAR programs:
• Leads Livestock and Fish CRP
• Humidtropics and Drylands systems
• WLE and CCAFS – livestock and land/water; and climate
change
• A4NH – leads on infectious diseases and zoonoses
• PIM – especially value chain development
• Genebanks – we maintain tropical forage crops gene bank
• Addis campus – CGIAR reform process in view

6. Provides food and nutritional security
BUT overconsumption can cause obesity
Powers economic development
BUT equitable development can be a challenge
Improves human health
BUT animal-human/emerging diseases
and unsafe foods
Enhances the environment
BUT pollution, land/water degradation,
GHG emissions and biodiversity loss
Livestock opportunities and challenges

7. ILRI strategic objectives
• Develop, test, adapt and promote
science-based practices
• Provide compelling scientific evidence for
decision-makers
• Increase the capacities of ILRI’s key
stakeholders so they can make better use
of livestock science and investments for
better lives through livestock.

8. ILRI in Ethiopia – project snapshots

9. BecA – advanced biosciences research platform in
Nairobi

10. Forage genebank: genetic resource for the world’s
tropical livestock

11. LMP: developing livestock and livestock research
priorities for Ethiopia’s 2nd GTP

12. Feedseed: catalyzing business opportunities in the feed
subsector

13. Africa RISING: sustainable intensification for smallholders
in Ethiopia Highlands

14. LIVES: livestock and irrigated crops value chains and market
linkages for smallholders

15. 1. Boni: Livestock
serving women and
with private sector
2. Barbara: Healthy
animals; healthy
people
3. Carlo: Nutrition
security
4. Simon: Water a
key resource
5. Andrew: IBLI PPP
model for dry areas
6. Boni: Horn of
Africa resilience
consortium
7. Q&A
research insights

16. Genetics: boosting rural livelihoods
African Chicken Genetic Gains
• Catalyzes public-private
partnerships to increase
smallholder chicken
production and
productivity growth
Key elements
1. High-producing genetics
adapted to low-input
production systems;
2. Farmer-preferred
breeds;
3. Solutions developed
along the value chain;
4. Public-private
partnership to improve,
multiply, and deliver;
5. Women at the centre to
ensure success

17. ACGG: indigenous breeds to empower smallholders; private
sector key in delivery

18. CRP Livestock and Fish: transforming value
chains, ‘by and for the poor’

19. Value Chain Transformation and Scaling
Systems Analysis for Sustainable Innovation
Transforming value chains, ‘by and for the
poor’
Animal
Health
Genetics
Feeds and
forages
Technologies

20. Livestock CRP: animal health focus
Economic and social impact of
health constraints
Access to services and
products for the poor (PPPs)
Technologies

21. One Health: healthy animals  healthy people
Interventions
• Control of zoonoses
• Meat inspection
• Milk safety (Abergelle, Borana)
• Food safety
• Aflatoxins

22. Food system biodiversity and nutrition
we’ve shown that as diversity in national food supplies increases, % stunting decreases
0
20
40
60
−2 0 2
Shannon−Weaver
%Stunted
0
5
10
15
20
−2
Shannon−Weaver
%Wasted40
Coefficient -3.10***
Adj R2 0.707
%stuntingamongchildren<5
Supply Diversity (Shannon diversity)
Remans et al. GFS 2014;
also adapted by SUN 2014
Ethiopia:
low
diversity in
food supply,
high levels
of stunting
• Controlling for # socio-
economic factors
• size of bullet = GNI per
capita
• Low diet diversity in
Ethiopia is also well
reported on at
individual and
household level (e.g.
Headey 2014, Hirvonen
et al. 2014)

23. Leverage points to increase biodiversity for healthy
diets and sustainable food systems in Ethiopia
Focus areas
Approach
• Whole-diet
approach
• People
centered
• Landscape
focus
Dietary diversity
Nutrient-rich foods
Sustainable diets
and food systems
Nutrition-sensitive
landscapes

24. Nutrition-sensitive landscapes
Overall hypotheses
• Changing dietary patterns and food systems is a critical
pathway to environmental restoration and improving
human health
• Environmental restoration and management of
agricultural landscapes is a critical pathway to improve
human nutrition and health
Environment
farming & food
systems
Human nutrition
& health

25. Agricultural biodiversity: at the nexus of dietary
quality and environment
Agriculture
without proper management
Loss of nutrients, soil erosion, biodiversity
Declining
crop productivity and diversity
Environmental
degradation
Inadequate diets and malnutrition
(state of well-being)
Declining
labour productivity
(Background framework of WLE project in Ethiopia)

26. Water and natural resources
Access to water a fundamental constraint for
food security and development out of poverty
in the region.
Specific issues:
• Natural resource management
• Expanding irrigation - Value Chain
• Climate change
• Water- energy nexus
• Governance and transboundary issues
• Capacity development
Ownership and sustainability of solutions is
key; collaboration essential

27. Water partnerships
Donors:
• USAID, DFID, BMGF, EU, IFAD, SDC
International (Research and Education):
• Universities: (Cornell, Wageningen,
Aberdeen, Tanzania, Uganda)
• Agencies: FAO, UNEP
• CGIAR centres
National:
• Ministries (MoWIE, MoA)
• ATA, NARS, universities
Implementers:
• CARE, IDE, Send a Cow, development
agents
Swiss (!):
• University of Bern, ETH Zurich, WLRC

28. Drylands and resilience – Index-based livestock
insurance (IBLI) for pastoralists
• Helps pastoralists cope with drought by protecting livestock – their greatest
‘living’ asset.
• Research launched in 2008, pilot in N Kenya in 2010 and in S Ethiopia in 2012.
• Combines contract design, monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment
with capacity development, extension and implementation support and policy
and institutional development
Some outcomes
• Over 10,000 pastoralists have purchased IBLI in Kenya and Southern Ethiopia.
• IBLI coverage has led to 36% reduction in likelihood of distress livestock sales;
and 25% reduction in likelihood of reducing meals as a coping strategy in times
of drought.
• IBLI increases investments in maintaining livestock through vet expenditures; it
results in increased milk production and incomes.

29. IBLI in action

30. IBLI components
• Contract design: Data demands (long term series,
reliable, non-manipulable). Contract precision
(minimizing “basis risk”, maximizing value)
• Evidence of value and impact: Household level:
Welfare improvements, behavioural change.
National level: Operational and fiscal efficiency
• Establish informed effective demand: Clientele with
little experience with any insurance. Extension,
capacity development, marketing.
Low cost delivery mechanisms (supply chain): Build critical
mass of clients/recipients. Sales transactions platforms,
information and extension, indemnity payments
Policy and institutional development: Regulations,
oversight, effective public provision etc.

31. IBLI partners
• With sales since 2012 in Borana, Ethiopia, IBLI has insured 2,613
pastoralists with livestock valued at $1.15M (15 x/r) and has paid out
$31K in indemnities through Oromia Insurance Co. Looking to expand to
other pastoral regions of Ethiopia
• With sales since 2010 in Kenya, IBLI has insured 7,454 pastoralists
with livestock valued at $3.5M (75 x/r) and has paid out $141K in
indemnities through TIA, APA, and UAP. IBLI is present in 5
counties and expanding to more in late 2015.
• With the World Bank and the Government of Kenya, the Kenya
Livestock Insurance Program will launch in August/September 2015.
• It will offer limited IBLI 5000 contracts to targeted individuals in
Northern Kenya with possible subsidies to the general public in later
years.

32. Drylands and resilience – Technical Consortium for
Building Resilience in the Horn of Africa
• ILRI-hosted; a project of the CGIAR to provide technical support
to IGAD member states to help implement their Arid and Semi-
Arid Lands’ (ASAL) investment plans.
• Provides tools, analytical frameworks, datasets and decision
support so donors, NGOs, development partners and national
governments can improve TARGETING, monitor progress, and
measure the IMPACT of their investments and interventions to
enhance resilience in the Horn of Africa
• Multiple partners from academia, international research
organizations, international development consultancy and
NGOs.

33. TC partners: serving IGAD member states

34. Key points
• Strong and evolving partnerships – national,
with government at all levels; CGIAR
• Growing opportunities with private sector -
input supplies, processing and post-harvest,
service delivery, using ICT, insurance,
cooperatives …
• Farmers themselves, in Ethiopia, becoming
more and more market oriented
• Scope to cooperate more with Swiss expertise

35. AGREEMENT ON THE ESTABLISHMENT
OF THE INTERNATIONAL LIVESTOCK RESEARCH
INSTITUTE

36. Q&A
• Boni Moyo, ILRI Director General’s
representative in Ethiopia
• Barbara Wieland, ILRI
• Carlo Fadda, Country Director,
Bioversity International
• Simon Langan, Head of Office Nile
Basin and East Africa, International
Water Management Institute
• Andrew Mude, ILRI
• Peter Ballantyne, ILRI
Science for a
food-secure future