This document discusses sustainable development in Africa, focusing on health and wellbeing. It provides examples of how smart agribusiness using new technologies can promote more sustainable development in Africa. These include using satellite imaging, drones, sensors on livestock, and mobile phones to improve efficiency, resilience, and smallholder inclusion in agriculture. International organizations like CGIAR and ILRI are supporting efforts to transform smallholder systems through research, insurance programs, and building scientific capacity in Africa. Overall, the document advocates for development in Africa that promotes sustainability, health, and wellbeing through innovative, inclusive approaches tailored to the African context.

1. Transitioning and Resilience
Africa
Sustainable
Health & Wellbeing in
Development
Prof. Lindsay Falvey FTSE
May2018

2. Sustainable
Health & Wellbeing in Development
Introduction:
• Sustainable Development?
• Economic System ≈ Sustainable
• Examples from Agribusiness
• CGIAR, ILRI
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3. Sustainable Development
Research
Invention
Innovation
Sustainable Development
3

4. Sustainable Development
Research
Invention
Innovation
Sustainable Development
4

5. Sustainable Development
Research
Invention
Smart Technologies
Innovation
Development that is More Sustainable
5

6. Sustainable Development
Research
Invention
Smart Technologies
Innovation
Development that is More Sustainable
e.g. agribusiness
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Is this what the rich
world is doing today
e.g. old age
?

7. Unsustainable Ideals e.g. Pensions
7
02/11/2017 state-pensions.jpg (960×720)
So Modernization that copies is not sustainable, but there are more responsible examples also e.g. agribusiness

8. Transitioning & Resilience
• Cannot simply copy richer countries actions
• Richer nations will be forced to be more
sustainable
• Resilience in this case = sustainability
So what is happening in or is relevant to Africa?
Population & Food
8

9. 9
Fossils Fuels Feed the World
Haber-Bosch process
IFDC & Deli Chen (2015)

10. Sustainability: Illusion or Elusive?
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02/11/2017 Togo_phosphates_mining_wikimedia-e1440317600905-1024x622.jpg (1024×622)
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02/11/2017 efficiencyRewards.jpg(510×188)
Oil  N fertilizer
+
Mined Phosphate  P fertilizer
+
Fossil and Surface Water
_________________________
= Agriculture & Food (how can it work??)

11. Invention & Innovation Sustainability
11
Malthus
Boserup

12. Q. What Changed? A. Technology
(Sachs, 2015)
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13. Sustainable Development
including
Health & Wellbeing
Sachs (2015)
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14. Sustainable Development Goals
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15. Smart Business
15
Health and Wellbeing follow from
development that is integrated -
innovations in smart agribusiness
for more nutritious food

16. Smart Agribusiness
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02/11/2017 Drones-in-Agriculture-1080x600.jpg (1080×600)
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• satellite imaging to 30 cm2
• drones spot & spray weeds
• yield determines fertilizer-
& reduces excess
• photosynthesis tracked
• climate stress identified
• tractor GPS, spot markets
• integrated farm & business
• focussed weather forecasts
• in-time inputs

17. Smart Agribusiness
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cow_electronic.jpg (400×410)
Livestock :
• smartphones & scanners read tags
• traceable electronic tags
• origin & history of animal
• what it ate, what farm, what paddock
• processing quality & safety
• good animal welfare, halal, kosher
• no hormones, antibiotics, vaccines
• premium product & profit
• printed detail on supermarket meat cut
Just in time for Thanksgiving dinner: traceable turkeys
intimeforThanksgiving
ner:traceableturkeys
APTop News Sports Entertainment Explore

18. Smart Agribusiness
Applicability to Africa?
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19. Smart Agribusiness
Applicability to Africa?
• World bank on smart technologies: ‘promote greater inclusion in
the broader economy, raise efficiency by complementing other
production factors, and foster innovation by dramatically
reducing transaction costs’
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20. Smart Agribusiness
Applicability to Africa?
• World bank on smart technologies: ‘promote greater inclusion in
the broader economy, raise efficiency by complementing other
production factors, and foster innovation by dramatically
reducing trnsaction costs’
• Fishers mobile phones: income up, volatility & waste down
• Input suppliers, crop insurers, weather forecasts, markets linked
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21. Smart Agribusiness
Applicability to Africa?
• World bank on smart technologies: ‘promote greater inclusion in
the broader economy, raise efficiency by complementing other
production factors, and foster innovation by dramatically
reducing transaction costs’
• Kerala fishers mobile phones: income up, volatility & waste down
• Input suppliers, crop insurers, weather forecasts, markets linked
• drought insurance for pastoralists’ livestock
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22. Smart Agribusiness
Applicability to Africa?
• World bank on smart technologies: ‘promote greater inclusion in
the broader economy, raise efficiency by complementing other
production factors, and foster innovation by dramatically
reducing transaction costs’
• Kerala fishers mobile phones: income up, volatility & waste down
• Input suppliers, crop insurers, weather forecasts, markets linked
• drought insurance for pastoralists’ livestock
• market transparency, productivity, logistics efficiency
The way things are used in new situations differs from wealthy nations
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23. Digital Tools (pie) & Functions
across Agriculture (World Bank)
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24. 24

25. ILRI Offices
Main campuses: Nairobi,
Kenya and Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia
Offices in 14 other
countries
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)

26. Africa and Australia Share Most Environments

27. Demand for livestock commodities
in developing economies will be met
Scenario #1
Meeting livestock demand by
importing livestock products
Scenario #2
Meeting livestock demand by
importing livestock industrial production know-how
Scenario #3
Meeting livestock demand by
transforming smallholder livestock systems




28. Replacing the 90% of locally produced animal
commodities with imports is unfeasible
Economically
• Africa’s food import bill (2013):
USD44 billion
• About one-fifth is livestock
(highest after cereals):
v Meat: USD5 billion
v Milk: USD4 billion
• Business as usual:
The import bill doubles

29. Kenya Livestock Insurance Program and IBLI
• 2015: Turkana, Wajir – 5000 participants
2016/17: six more counties – 70,000
participants
• IBLI contributions to KLIP
• Situational Analysis for a National Agricultural
Insurance Policy (NAIP)
• Working closely with the World Bank team
• Policy Documents
• KLIP Technical Document
• Contract Design
• Supporting Extension and Capacity Development as well as
operations and Implementation
• Extension and Capacity Development

30. Smallholder beef sector
in Botswana
This recent 3.5-year (2012–2016)
ACIAR-funded project found great
scope for enhancing smallholder
livestock competitiveness in
Botswana through better:
• Market-oriented policies
• Disease control and government-
supported private animal health services
in rural areas
• Control of FMD for increased livestock
marketing in southern Africa
• Meat quality for the lucrative EU market

31. Smallholder crop-livestock systems
in Zimbabwe
This current 5-year (2012–2017) ACIAR-funded project is enhancing
mixed farming practices through better technologies and practices.
• Farmers growing legumes
for feed are significantly
increasing their dairy and
beef profits.
• Farmers switching from
maize stover to thatch grass
for mulching are generating
more dry-season stover feed
supplements for ruminants.
• Farmers feeding their stock
home-grown fodder & crop
residues are reducing pressure
on communal rangelands.

32. Livestock: Human Health and Wellbeing
+ve
• First 1,000 days critical
• Balanced clean diet
-ve
• Antibiotic resistance
• Zoonotic diseases (Dr Peter Doherty)

33. Opportunities and challenges
in the livestock sector
Provides food and nutritional security
BUT overconsumption can cause obesity
Powers economic development
BUT equitable development can be a challenge
Improves human health
BUT animal-human/emerging diseases
and unsafe foods need to be addressed
Enhances the environment
BUT pollution, land/water degradation,
GHG emissions and biodiversity losses
must be greatly reduced

34. BIOSCIENCES EASTERN AND CENTRAL AFRICA
(BecA-ILRI Hub)
A strategic partnership between ILRI and AU-NEPAD.
A biosciences platform that makes the best lab facilities
available to the African scientific community.
Building African scientific capacity.
Identifying agricultural solutions based on modern
biotechnology.

35. Supporting Transitioning and Resilience
for Health and Wellbeing
Australia-Africa Links:
• diplomatic relations all 54 UN-member states
• ties with African Union, Economic Community of West African States, Southern
African Development Community, East African Community, Intergovernmental
Authority on Development, International Conference for the Great Lakes Region,
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
• two-way goods trade = $7.6 billion in 2017
• Australia Awards – 500 professionals annually
• NGOs, Humanitarian, Private Mining & Agriculture
• World Prize for Integrated Development
• Whole of Africa map: 10x10m per 5 days; water

36. Transitioning and Resilience
for Health and Wellbeing
• Sustainable Development?
• Economic System ≈ Sustainable
• Examples from Agribusiness: Food first
• CGIAR, ILRI
Thank you
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