Presented by Timothy Robinson, Catherine Pfeifer, Mario Herrero, Thomas van Boeckel and Marius Gilbert at the 61st International Congress of Meat Science & Technology, France, 23–28 August 2015
Dr. Mark Allen - Present & Future: Bovine Genetic & Reproductive TechnologiesJohn Blue
Present & Future: Bovine Genetic & Reproductive Technologies - Dr. Mark Allan, Director Marketing and Genomics, Trans Ova Genetics, from the 2014 NIAA Annual Conference titled 'The Precautionary Principle: How Agriculture Will Thrive', March 31 - April 2, 2014, Omaha, NE, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014_niaa_how_animal_agriculture_will_thrive
Goat milk has several advantages over cow milk such as being more compatible and nourishing for people with cow milk allergies. It is also non-mucus forming and helps neutralize mucus. Goat milk is similar to human breast milk in composition and contains healing enzymes and a superior form of calcium. Keeping accurate farm records is important for sheep and goat farms for management, performance evaluation, genetic selection, and health purposes. Developing countries contain the majority of the world's small ruminant populations and production.
Dairy farmers’ production systems worldwide need to be able to combine profitability with the responsibility of protecting human health, animal health, animal welfare and the environment.Dairy farmers, as the primary producers in the supply chain, should also be given the opportunity to add value to their product by adopting methods of production that satisfy the demands of processors and customers.
This Guide gives individual dairy farmers proactive guidance on how these objectives can be achieved on their farm. The Guide to good dairy farming practice has been written in a practical format for dairy farmers engaged in the production of milk from any dairy species. When adopted, it will support the production and marketing of safe, quality-assured milk and dairy products. The Guide focuses on the relationship between consumer safety and economic, social and environmental management at the farm level.
The Guide contains many individual practices that contribute to good dairy farming
practice, covering the key aspects of animal health, milk hygiene, nutrition, welfare, the
environment and socio-economic management.
These practices have been drawn from best practice guidelines and existing assurance
schemes around the world, and so individual practices will vary in their applicability to various dairying regions. They are not intended to be legally binding and readers are encouraged to select and implement those guidelines that are of relevance to their situation. As such, this Guide aims to provide a genuine framework for dairy farm assurance schemes to be developed globally, giving individual countries and dairy farmers the opportunity to develop schemes that are specific to their needs.
This document discusses the proximate analysis method of feed and fodder composition developed at the Weende Experimental Station in Germany in 1865. It outlines the major components analyzed in proximate analysis including moisture, crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, and ash. The procedures for determining each fraction are described. Both the merits and limitations of proximate analysis are discussed, noting it provides a basic analysis but does not characterize specific nutrients or account for all components like fiber.
Innovative digital technology and genomic approaches to dairy cattle genetic...ILRI
Presented by R. Mrode, J. Ojango, Ekine Chinyere, John Gibson and Okeyo Mwai at the Strategic Interest Research Group Meeting on Genetic Improvement of Livestock II, IITA, Ibadan, 2-3 September 2019
Animal nutrition approaches for profitable livestock operations and sustainab...ILRI
Presented by Blümmel, M.1, Garg, M.R.,2 Jones, C.1, Baltenweck, I.1 and Staal, S. at the Indian Animal Nutrition Association XI Biennial Conference, Patna, India, 19-21 November 2018
The document discusses strategies for round-the-year fodder production to address gaps in fodder availability and meet the needs of India's growing livestock population. It recommends cultivating a blend of annual and perennial legume and non-legume crops through rotational sowing across plots to maintain continuous green fodder supply. Specific crops mentioned include hybrid napier, bajra, cowpea, berseem, lucerne, maize and oats. Surplus production during plentiful periods could be conserved as silage or hay for lean periods. The aim is to enhance livestock productivity by ensuring a balanced, year-round supply of high-quality green fodder.
Dr. Mark Allen - Present & Future: Bovine Genetic & Reproductive TechnologiesJohn Blue
Present & Future: Bovine Genetic & Reproductive Technologies - Dr. Mark Allan, Director Marketing and Genomics, Trans Ova Genetics, from the 2014 NIAA Annual Conference titled 'The Precautionary Principle: How Agriculture Will Thrive', March 31 - April 2, 2014, Omaha, NE, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014_niaa_how_animal_agriculture_will_thrive
Goat milk has several advantages over cow milk such as being more compatible and nourishing for people with cow milk allergies. It is also non-mucus forming and helps neutralize mucus. Goat milk is similar to human breast milk in composition and contains healing enzymes and a superior form of calcium. Keeping accurate farm records is important for sheep and goat farms for management, performance evaluation, genetic selection, and health purposes. Developing countries contain the majority of the world's small ruminant populations and production.
Dairy farmers’ production systems worldwide need to be able to combine profitability with the responsibility of protecting human health, animal health, animal welfare and the environment.Dairy farmers, as the primary producers in the supply chain, should also be given the opportunity to add value to their product by adopting methods of production that satisfy the demands of processors and customers.
This Guide gives individual dairy farmers proactive guidance on how these objectives can be achieved on their farm. The Guide to good dairy farming practice has been written in a practical format for dairy farmers engaged in the production of milk from any dairy species. When adopted, it will support the production and marketing of safe, quality-assured milk and dairy products. The Guide focuses on the relationship between consumer safety and economic, social and environmental management at the farm level.
The Guide contains many individual practices that contribute to good dairy farming
practice, covering the key aspects of animal health, milk hygiene, nutrition, welfare, the
environment and socio-economic management.
These practices have been drawn from best practice guidelines and existing assurance
schemes around the world, and so individual practices will vary in their applicability to various dairying regions. They are not intended to be legally binding and readers are encouraged to select and implement those guidelines that are of relevance to their situation. As such, this Guide aims to provide a genuine framework for dairy farm assurance schemes to be developed globally, giving individual countries and dairy farmers the opportunity to develop schemes that are specific to their needs.
This document discusses the proximate analysis method of feed and fodder composition developed at the Weende Experimental Station in Germany in 1865. It outlines the major components analyzed in proximate analysis including moisture, crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, and ash. The procedures for determining each fraction are described. Both the merits and limitations of proximate analysis are discussed, noting it provides a basic analysis but does not characterize specific nutrients or account for all components like fiber.
Innovative digital technology and genomic approaches to dairy cattle genetic...ILRI
Presented by R. Mrode, J. Ojango, Ekine Chinyere, John Gibson and Okeyo Mwai at the Strategic Interest Research Group Meeting on Genetic Improvement of Livestock II, IITA, Ibadan, 2-3 September 2019
Animal nutrition approaches for profitable livestock operations and sustainab...ILRI
Presented by Blümmel, M.1, Garg, M.R.,2 Jones, C.1, Baltenweck, I.1 and Staal, S. at the Indian Animal Nutrition Association XI Biennial Conference, Patna, India, 19-21 November 2018
The document discusses strategies for round-the-year fodder production to address gaps in fodder availability and meet the needs of India's growing livestock population. It recommends cultivating a blend of annual and perennial legume and non-legume crops through rotational sowing across plots to maintain continuous green fodder supply. Specific crops mentioned include hybrid napier, bajra, cowpea, berseem, lucerne, maize and oats. Surplus production during plentiful periods could be conserved as silage or hay for lean periods. The aim is to enhance livestock productivity by ensuring a balanced, year-round supply of high-quality green fodder.
To have at least two (and up to six) typical farms for each region.
The first farm is an average sized farm with an average management performance. The second farm is larger than the first one but also having an average management performance, to show economies of scale.
They represent major milk production systems, farms, milk produced in region
Interpretação e aplicação das características no processo de seleçãoANCP Ribeirão Preto
O documento discute a interpretação e aplicação de características no processo de seleção genética de gado de corte. Ele explica várias características importantes como crescimento, reprodução, carcaça e morfologia e como usar a avaliação genética para melhorar essas características e a produtividade do rebanho.
Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) Seminar Series on May 30, 2019 at RDMIC Bldg., cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City
This document discusses ration balancing software options for sheep. It begins by explaining why ration balancing is important to meet nutritional requirements and maximize animal performance while managing costs. There are several methods for ration balancing, including by hand or using computer programs. When using computer programs, the most common method is substitution, where feeds are edited until nutritional requirements are met. The document then reviews several free and paid ration balancing software and spreadsheet options, comparing their features such as whether they require Excel or Access, use of substitution method, and ability to perform least cost formulation.
The document discusses technologies to improve livestock productivity in drylands. It describes challenges such as climate change, land degradation, and competition for resources. It then outlines several interventions including improved feeding systems using crop residues and balanced diets, alternative feed resources like cactus and fodder shrubs, and technologies for milking, yogurt processing, and cheese processing. Case studies from various countries demonstrate the benefits and adoption rates of these technologies.
This document discusses precision feeding in dairy cattle. It defines precision feeding as meeting nutrient requirements with maximum precision to ensure efficient and safe production while minimizing environmental pollution. Precision feeding involves phase feeding, with different dietary formulations for early, mid, and late lactation. Key aspects of precision feeding discussed include improving nitrogen use efficiency, reducing methane emissions, and using additives to maintain rumen health and increase nutrient utilization.
[Palestra] Ademir Maciel Pereira: Suplementação proteica na secaAgroTalento
O documento discute a importância da suplementação proteica de gado a pasto durante períodos de seca para melhorar o desempenho e reduzir os ciclos produtivos. A suplementação proteica permite corrigir dietas desbalanceadas das pastagens durante a seca, melhorando o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar dos animais. A suplementação é especialmente importante quando os níveis de proteína das pastagens caem abaixo de 7,8% da matéria seca e a relação entre nutrientes digestíveis totais e proteína é
This document provides information on feeding and nutrition for sheep. It discusses the nutrient requirements of sheep that vary based on age, weight, and production stage. The major nutrient categories required are water, energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals. Feeding recommendations are provided for ewes at different production stages including breeding/flushing, early gestation, late gestation, and lactation. Recommendations are also given for feeding lambs including colostrum, milk/milk replacer, and creep feeding. Lastly, the document discusses ram feeding and ensuring rams are in proper body condition before breeding season.
Dairy farms require cows, grass, a cool climate, and milking machines. Dairy cows produce milk and need to eat healthy, fresh grass each day. The main dairy cow breeds in New Zealand are Friesians, Jerseys, and Ayrshires, which vary in size and daily milk production. New Zealand has ideal conditions for dairy farming with its cool climate that allows grass to grow year-round, providing food for the cows.
This document provides an overview of marketing options for sheep and goat products. It discusses marketing meat from sheep and goats of different ages, as well as fiber, dairy products, skins, and vegetation control services. Regulations for slaughter and sales are outlined for federal, state, and exempt processing. Various marketing channels are described including auctions, brokers, cooperatives, and direct sales. Certification and labeling options are also summarized.
This document discusses proximate analysis, which approximates the nutritive value of feeds without feeding trials. It outlines six proximate principles - moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, and ash. While a common basis for feed evaluation, proximate analysis has limitations. It may underestimate dry matter and fiber and assume all nitrogen is from protein. Various methods also have demerits, like loss of volatile compounds during drying. Overall, proximate analysis provides a basic analysis of feeds but does not assess actual nutritive value.
This document discusses selecting replacement females and culling underperforming females. It covers determining breeding goals, identifying strengths and weaknesses, selecting replacement females using performance evaluation of individual animals and their relatives, and estimated breeding values. Traits like birth weight, growth rates, litter weight, and parasite resistance are important. Record keeping tools to evaluate performance include spreadsheets from universities and software. National programs provide estimated breeding values to compare genetically superior breeding stock.
Quick Steps to Help Manage Heat Stress in your Dairy CowsJaylor
Cows do best when the air temperature is between 5.0 C and 21.0 C. When it gets hotter than that, cows’ efforts to maintain normal body temperature become costly. Learn how to kelp keep your dairy cows cool and productive.
Far Off To Fresh Cow- Opportunities to Improve Transition PerformanceDAIReXNET
Dr. mike Overton presented this information for DAIReXENT on Monday, March 18, 2013. For more information, please see our archived webinars page at www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars.
O documento discute cenários para a pecuária bovina no Brasil e na Amazônia, incluindo tendências de produção, lotação e áreas de pastagem até 2031. A intensificação da pecuária por meio de tecnologias como a integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta é apontada como essencial para aumentar a produtividade de forma sustentável.
This document provides information on buffalo populations and production strategies around the world. It discusses the major buffalo producing regions of Asia, Africa, South America, Europe, and Australia. Specifically:
- Asia is home to over 95% of the world's buffalo population, with India alone containing over half of the global buffalo population. Several high producing dairy breeds originate from India.
- China has a large genetic diversity of swamp buffalo breeds adapted to different climates and environments. The most numerous Chinese breed is the Guizhou mountain breed.
- Egypt contains nearly all of Africa's buffalo population, which is used mainly for draught power and meat production.
- South America's buffalo population
Conservation of farm animal genetic resourcesIllaya Kumar
India is a vast country, rich in biodiversity. With its geographical area of 329 million hectares, India has almost all the climatic conditions and ecological zones found in different parts of the world, ranging from perpetual snow cover to equatorial and tropical conditions, from mangroves to humid tropics and hot and cold deserts as well as all the intermediate conditions. Before the advent of fossil fuel, animal energy was the only source of farm power and that also mainly from bullocks. In the recent past, a number of native breeds are facing fast genetic degradation and dilution because of intensive production system and unplanned introduction and use of exotic germplasm. This scenario, if continued, might result in depletion of the invaluable native germplasm having better potentiality for production, draught capacity, resistance to diseases and heat tolerance ability. In general, indigenous breeds provide the necessary genetic diversity needed by modern agriculture as a means to ensure stability and are vital building blocks for future livestock breeding programmes. Conservation of indigenous animal is needed for Genetic insurance, Scientific study, Economic potential, Environmental considerations, Cultural and ethical requirements, Energy source by In situ or Ex situ conservation techniques. There are some agencies like NBAGR involved in livestock conservation and the government also implemented projects for breeds conservation. There are many successful stories such as Sabarmathi Ashram goshala in the conservation of native breeds. Many foreign countries have realized the genetic potential of our indigenous breeds and using them for improvement of their germplasm. It is high time to proceed to conserve our germplasm.
- Fast-rising demand for milk, meat, and eggs in Africa is driving changes in the continent's livestock sector. This growing demand will need to be met through increased production.
- There are three potential scenarios for meeting this demand: importing livestock products, importing industrial livestock production methods, or transforming smallholder livestock systems.
- Enabling technologies, policies, markets and institutions are needed to ensure Africa's livestock systems transition supports broad growth and environmental/human health.
Presentation held by Philip Thornton, Flagship Leader at CCAFS, and researcher with ILRI, held at CCAFS Coordinating Retreat in Copenhagen, Denmark in February 2015.
To have at least two (and up to six) typical farms for each region.
The first farm is an average sized farm with an average management performance. The second farm is larger than the first one but also having an average management performance, to show economies of scale.
They represent major milk production systems, farms, milk produced in region
Interpretação e aplicação das características no processo de seleçãoANCP Ribeirão Preto
O documento discute a interpretação e aplicação de características no processo de seleção genética de gado de corte. Ele explica várias características importantes como crescimento, reprodução, carcaça e morfologia e como usar a avaliação genética para melhorar essas características e a produtividade do rebanho.
Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) Seminar Series on May 30, 2019 at RDMIC Bldg., cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City
This document discusses ration balancing software options for sheep. It begins by explaining why ration balancing is important to meet nutritional requirements and maximize animal performance while managing costs. There are several methods for ration balancing, including by hand or using computer programs. When using computer programs, the most common method is substitution, where feeds are edited until nutritional requirements are met. The document then reviews several free and paid ration balancing software and spreadsheet options, comparing their features such as whether they require Excel or Access, use of substitution method, and ability to perform least cost formulation.
The document discusses technologies to improve livestock productivity in drylands. It describes challenges such as climate change, land degradation, and competition for resources. It then outlines several interventions including improved feeding systems using crop residues and balanced diets, alternative feed resources like cactus and fodder shrubs, and technologies for milking, yogurt processing, and cheese processing. Case studies from various countries demonstrate the benefits and adoption rates of these technologies.
This document discusses precision feeding in dairy cattle. It defines precision feeding as meeting nutrient requirements with maximum precision to ensure efficient and safe production while minimizing environmental pollution. Precision feeding involves phase feeding, with different dietary formulations for early, mid, and late lactation. Key aspects of precision feeding discussed include improving nitrogen use efficiency, reducing methane emissions, and using additives to maintain rumen health and increase nutrient utilization.
[Palestra] Ademir Maciel Pereira: Suplementação proteica na secaAgroTalento
O documento discute a importância da suplementação proteica de gado a pasto durante períodos de seca para melhorar o desempenho e reduzir os ciclos produtivos. A suplementação proteica permite corrigir dietas desbalanceadas das pastagens durante a seca, melhorando o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar dos animais. A suplementação é especialmente importante quando os níveis de proteína das pastagens caem abaixo de 7,8% da matéria seca e a relação entre nutrientes digestíveis totais e proteína é
This document provides information on feeding and nutrition for sheep. It discusses the nutrient requirements of sheep that vary based on age, weight, and production stage. The major nutrient categories required are water, energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals. Feeding recommendations are provided for ewes at different production stages including breeding/flushing, early gestation, late gestation, and lactation. Recommendations are also given for feeding lambs including colostrum, milk/milk replacer, and creep feeding. Lastly, the document discusses ram feeding and ensuring rams are in proper body condition before breeding season.
Dairy farms require cows, grass, a cool climate, and milking machines. Dairy cows produce milk and need to eat healthy, fresh grass each day. The main dairy cow breeds in New Zealand are Friesians, Jerseys, and Ayrshires, which vary in size and daily milk production. New Zealand has ideal conditions for dairy farming with its cool climate that allows grass to grow year-round, providing food for the cows.
This document provides an overview of marketing options for sheep and goat products. It discusses marketing meat from sheep and goats of different ages, as well as fiber, dairy products, skins, and vegetation control services. Regulations for slaughter and sales are outlined for federal, state, and exempt processing. Various marketing channels are described including auctions, brokers, cooperatives, and direct sales. Certification and labeling options are also summarized.
This document discusses proximate analysis, which approximates the nutritive value of feeds without feeding trials. It outlines six proximate principles - moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, and ash. While a common basis for feed evaluation, proximate analysis has limitations. It may underestimate dry matter and fiber and assume all nitrogen is from protein. Various methods also have demerits, like loss of volatile compounds during drying. Overall, proximate analysis provides a basic analysis of feeds but does not assess actual nutritive value.
This document discusses selecting replacement females and culling underperforming females. It covers determining breeding goals, identifying strengths and weaknesses, selecting replacement females using performance evaluation of individual animals and their relatives, and estimated breeding values. Traits like birth weight, growth rates, litter weight, and parasite resistance are important. Record keeping tools to evaluate performance include spreadsheets from universities and software. National programs provide estimated breeding values to compare genetically superior breeding stock.
Quick Steps to Help Manage Heat Stress in your Dairy CowsJaylor
Cows do best when the air temperature is between 5.0 C and 21.0 C. When it gets hotter than that, cows’ efforts to maintain normal body temperature become costly. Learn how to kelp keep your dairy cows cool and productive.
Far Off To Fresh Cow- Opportunities to Improve Transition PerformanceDAIReXNET
Dr. mike Overton presented this information for DAIReXENT on Monday, March 18, 2013. For more information, please see our archived webinars page at www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars.
O documento discute cenários para a pecuária bovina no Brasil e na Amazônia, incluindo tendências de produção, lotação e áreas de pastagem até 2031. A intensificação da pecuária por meio de tecnologias como a integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta é apontada como essencial para aumentar a produtividade de forma sustentável.
This document provides information on buffalo populations and production strategies around the world. It discusses the major buffalo producing regions of Asia, Africa, South America, Europe, and Australia. Specifically:
- Asia is home to over 95% of the world's buffalo population, with India alone containing over half of the global buffalo population. Several high producing dairy breeds originate from India.
- China has a large genetic diversity of swamp buffalo breeds adapted to different climates and environments. The most numerous Chinese breed is the Guizhou mountain breed.
- Egypt contains nearly all of Africa's buffalo population, which is used mainly for draught power and meat production.
- South America's buffalo population
Conservation of farm animal genetic resourcesIllaya Kumar
India is a vast country, rich in biodiversity. With its geographical area of 329 million hectares, India has almost all the climatic conditions and ecological zones found in different parts of the world, ranging from perpetual snow cover to equatorial and tropical conditions, from mangroves to humid tropics and hot and cold deserts as well as all the intermediate conditions. Before the advent of fossil fuel, animal energy was the only source of farm power and that also mainly from bullocks. In the recent past, a number of native breeds are facing fast genetic degradation and dilution because of intensive production system and unplanned introduction and use of exotic germplasm. This scenario, if continued, might result in depletion of the invaluable native germplasm having better potentiality for production, draught capacity, resistance to diseases and heat tolerance ability. In general, indigenous breeds provide the necessary genetic diversity needed by modern agriculture as a means to ensure stability and are vital building blocks for future livestock breeding programmes. Conservation of indigenous animal is needed for Genetic insurance, Scientific study, Economic potential, Environmental considerations, Cultural and ethical requirements, Energy source by In situ or Ex situ conservation techniques. There are some agencies like NBAGR involved in livestock conservation and the government also implemented projects for breeds conservation. There are many successful stories such as Sabarmathi Ashram goshala in the conservation of native breeds. Many foreign countries have realized the genetic potential of our indigenous breeds and using them for improvement of their germplasm. It is high time to proceed to conserve our germplasm.
- Fast-rising demand for milk, meat, and eggs in Africa is driving changes in the continent's livestock sector. This growing demand will need to be met through increased production.
- There are three potential scenarios for meeting this demand: importing livestock products, importing industrial livestock production methods, or transforming smallholder livestock systems.
- Enabling technologies, policies, markets and institutions are needed to ensure Africa's livestock systems transition supports broad growth and environmental/human health.
Presentation held by Philip Thornton, Flagship Leader at CCAFS, and researcher with ILRI, held at CCAFS Coordinating Retreat in Copenhagen, Denmark in February 2015.
Genomics selection in livestock: ILRI–ICARDA perspectivesILRI
Presented by Raphael Mrode (ILRI), Joram Mwacharo (ICARDA) and Olivier Hanotte (ILRI) at the Workshop on Implementing Genomic Selection in CGIAR Breeding Programs, Montpellier, 10-12 December 2015
1. Gender-responsive research in the CGIAR aims to integrate gender into research priority setting, implementation, and evaluation to foster positive changes in female empowerment.
2. A key challenge is precisely targeting segmented user groups, like different types of male and female farmers, based on their social characteristics and varietal trait preferences.
3. Methods like conjoint analysis can be used to develop a social typology of user groups and identify gender-differentiated preferences for traits in order to prioritize the delivery of new varieties to intended users.
4. Standardizing gender analysis methods across projects would allow identification of priority cross-cutting traits and local traits to target breeding efforts based on the needs of specific gendered user types
The document discusses livestock projections for Kenya between 2000-2030. It provides demographic information that in 2009, Kenya had a population of 38.6 million people with 68% living in rural areas. The document then examines projections for beef, milk, mutton, pork, poultry, and egg production in Kenya. It projects that demand for these livestock products will increase substantially by 2030, with urban areas seeing faster growth rates than rural areas.
Food security and animal production—What does the future hold?ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith, Dieter Schillinger, Delia Grace, Tim Robinson and Shirley Tarawali at the IFAH Europe Sustainability Conference, Brussels, 11 June 2015
The role of informal food markets—Towards professionalizing, not criminalizingILRI
The document summarizes a training, certification, and branding scheme piloted in Kenya to professionalize informal food markets and improve food safety. The scheme provided hygiene training and certification to informal milk traders, giving them branded containers and uniforms. Over 15% of traders registered by 2009, changing hygienic practices. The scheme had economic and policy impacts, though follow-up is still needed. A theory of change explains how such interventions could improve diets and food safety through safer animal products sold by certified informal traders.
Jimmy Smith, Director General of ILRI, outlines the importance of livestock to developing economies and proposes ways to double livestock production through better feeds. Livestock represents five of the six most valuable global commodities and production is increasing faster in developing countries. Livestock plays a key role in livelihoods, nutrition, health and ecosystems. The CGIAR could harness new science on feeds, genetics, and management to boost productivity and sustainability, improving food security and reducing poverty and emissions.
Healthy people, animals and ecosystems: The role of CGIAR researchILRI
Keynote presentation by Bernard Bett and Jimmy Smith at the Regional Conference on Zoonotic Diseases in Eastern Africa, Naivasha, Kenya, 9–12 March 2015.
The changing livestock sector in developing countries: The context for animal...ILRI
The document summarizes the changing landscape of livestock production in developing countries. It notes that demand for animal source foods is rapidly increasing in developing countries. Smallholder farms currently dominate livestock production in many developing nation contexts. There are opportunities for agricultural research, including animal genetics, to help enable a sustainable transition and meet rising demand through improving smallholder systems rather than large-scale industrialization. Achieving food security while addressing environmental and health challenges will require productivity gains from improved animal health, genetics, and feeding practices.
Serological evidence of MERS-CoV antibodies in dromedary camels (Camelus drom...ILRI
Presented by Eric M. Fèvre, Sharon L. Deem, Margaret Kinnaird, Springer Browne, Dishon Muloi, Gert-Jan Godeke, Marion Koopmans and C.B.E.M. Reusken at the 4th Medical and Veterinary Virus Research Symposium in Kenya (MVVR), Nairobi, Kenya, 15-16 October 2015.
Introducing some ILRI and CGIAR activities in EthiopiaILRI
Presented by Siboniso Moyo, Barbara Wieland, Carlo Fadda (Bioversity International), Simon Langan (IWMI), Andrew Mude and Peter Ballantyne at the SDC visit to the ILRI Ethiopia campus, 16 July 2015
Innovative processing of cassava peels to livestock feeds—A collaborative pro...ILRI
Presented by Anandan Samireddypalle, Peter Kulakow (IITA), Graham Thiele (CIP), Iheanacho Okike and Michael Blümmel at the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture (Africa), Durban, South Africa, 1-2 December 2015
This document summarizes the history and purpose of CGSpace, a digital repository for research outputs from the CGIAR. It began in 2009 as "Mahider" at ILRI to address the lack of accessibility of research outputs. By 2011, it had expanded to include other CGIAR centers and was rebranded as "CGSpace". It now hosts over 50,000 research items and receives around 200,000 hits per month. CGSpace aims to make research outputs freely available according to FAIR principles by providing open access, persistent identifiers, and reusable content under open licenses.
The livestock revolution and implications for human health and diseaseILRI
The document discusses the livestock revolution driven by increasing global demand for animal-source foods. It notes the revolution has benefited poor farmers through higher incomes and improved nutrition but also brought risks like food safety issues and disease emergence. While the revolution increased production and closed some demand-supply gaps, continued population and income growth means more food will be needed in the future. The document examines both positive and negative impacts on human health from the livestock revolution.
The global livestock sector: Trends, drivers and implications for society, he...ILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson, William Wint, Giulia Conchedda, Giuseppina Cinardi, Thomas Van Boeckel, Michael Macleod, Bernard Bett, Delia Grace and Marius Gilbert at the annual conference of the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS), Chester, UK, 14-15 April 2015.
The global livestock sector: Trends and health implicationsILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson, William Wint, Giulia Conchedda, Giuseppina Cinardi, Thomas Van Boeckel, Bernard Bett and Marius Gilbert at the Workshop on Measuring Progress, Biennial Meeting of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (RSTMH), Oxford, 27 September 2014
The Livestock Geo-Wiki: Manure management moduleILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson at the Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock, 5th Multi-stakeholder Platform Meeting, Cali, Colombia, 7-10 October 2014
This document summarizes information from ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute) about the role and importance of livestock globally. It makes three key points:
1. Livestock and animal source foods represent some of the most valuable global commodities, with an average annual value of $830 billion from 2007-2016. Demand for livestock products is projected to grow substantially in developing regions by 2030.
2. Livestock play a critical role in economies, livelihoods, and food security around the world. They contribute significantly to agricultural GDP and provide jobs and incomes. Over 70% of the world's rural poor rely on livestock.
3. While livestock bring opportunities, there are also challenges to be addressed
This document discusses the complex relationships between livestock, people, livelihoods, and diseases. It provides background on GALVmed, an organization that supports animal health solutions for poor livestock keepers. Livestock are crucial for the livelihoods of 1 billion people in Africa and Asia. However, animal diseases pose a major threat. The document outlines key health issues from intensive production systems for dairy cows and poultry. It also discusses the role of zoonotic diseases in impacting poor communities and the increasing issues of lifestyle diseases from diets high in animal products. The conclusion calls for a One Health approach through multidisciplinary collaboration to achieve optimal health for people, animals and the environment.
One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...ILRI
The document discusses One Health approaches used by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). ILRI takes a One Health approach to address problems at the human-animal-environment interface. It works on projects related to zoonotic diseases, food safety issues like aflatoxins, and increasing sustainable livestock production to meet the growing global demand for animal proteins. ILRI aims to find solutions that improve food security and public health while minimizing environmental impacts.
Presented by Shirley Tarawali, Dolapo Enahoro and Catherine Pfeifer (ILRI) at the Expert panel: Food of Animal Origin 2030: Solutions to Consumption Driven Challenges, Global Forum for Food and Agriculture 2018, Berlin, Germany
Achieving Agenda 2030: Livestock research and the transformation of small-sca...ILRI
1) Global demand for meat, milk, and eggs is rising rapidly in developing countries, where smallholders currently produce much of the supply.
2) Transforming smallholder livestock production into a more productive and resilient system can help achieve several UN Sustainable Development Goals and benefit women and youth.
3) Livestock research plays a key role in this transformation by developing solutions to improve productivity, health, feeding, and management practices for smallholder farmers.
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspectiveILRI
A series of presentations by ILRI scientists (Thomas Randolph, Hikuepi Katjiuongua, Timothy Robinson, Isabelle Baltenweck, Alessandra Galie, Alan Duncan, Nils Teufel, Mats Lannerstad, Bernard Bett, Johanna Lindahl, Eric Fèvre, Silvia Alonso and Delia Grace) at a seminar on "Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition, including the role of Livestock" for the Committee on World Food Security High Level Panel of Experts on food security and nutrition (HLPE), Nairobi, Kenya, 8 May 2015.
- Global consumption and production of livestock products is projected to increase significantly by 2050, especially in Africa and the Middle East. Meat consumption is expected to increase 37% globally while milk consumption increases 61%.
- Livestock production systems in Africa are transitioning rapidly to more industrialized systems for monogastrics like pork and poultry, though over 30% will still be small-holder in 2050. Ruminant production will continue to rely on mixed crop-livestock systems.
- Animal diseases pose major constraints to Africa's livestock sector, resulting in high mortality rates and economic losses. As production intensifies, diseases may also increase unless addressed by improved vaccines, diagnostics, and delivery systems.
Livestock headwinds:Help or hindrance to sustainable development?ILRI
Livestock production is growing rapidly globally to meet rising demand for meat, milk and eggs in lower income countries. Livestock contributes to all 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals through pathways of food/nutrition, livelihoods/economics, health and climate/resources. Livestock research can help maximize these contributions by improving productivity, efficiency and development outcomes in a sustainable manner.
Healthy people, animals and ecosystems for global food and nutritional security ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith (with Delia Grace, Fred Unger, Hung Nguyen, Purvi Mehta, Bernard Bett and Shirley Tarawali) at the 5th biennial conference of the International Association for Ecology and Health, Montreal, Canada, 11−15 August 2014
Wherefore livestock? Does animal agriculture have a role in future food systems?ILRI
The document discusses the role of animal agriculture in future global food systems. It notes that demand for animal source foods is rising rapidly and livestock production has high economic value but also environmental and health impacts. However, unpacking the data reveals opportunities for livestock to contribute to sustainable economic growth, livelihoods, nutrition, and ecosystems, especially through smallholder systems. Improving productivity and feeding practices of smallholder livestock could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions while meeting rising demand for animal proteins.
Evolution of animal production in emerging markets: China, Russia, India, Bra...ILRI
The document discusses trends and trajectories in global animal agriculture between now and 2050. Three key points:
1) Demand and production of livestock products are rapidly increasing in developing countries, especially in places like China, India, and Africa. This is driven by population growth, rising incomes, and urbanization.
2) Smallholder mixed crop-livestock systems will experience some of the greatest changes and opportunities. These diverse systems in places like Africa and South Asia offer opportunities to close yield gaps and reduce disease and emissions.
3) Plausible future scenarios depend on uncertain variables like climate change, technology, and disease outbreaks. This could lead to scenarios like sustainable intensification or climate-related crises
Livestock: Opportunities for addressing global development challengesILRI
Livestock play an important role in addressing global development challenges through inclusive economic growth, equitable livelihoods, improved nutrition and health, and sustainable ecosystems. Livestock contribute significantly to GDP and provide livelihoods for many smallholder farmers and landless people. However, meeting increased demand for livestock products in a sustainable way will require transforming smallholder systems through improved productivity and market access while supporting rural development and livelihoods.
Similar to Sustainable animal production systems in Africa (20)
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
PPT on Alternate Wetting and Drying presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark UniverseSérgio Sacani
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...Travis Hills MN
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
Sustainable animal production systems in Africa
1. Sustainable animal production
systems in Africa
61st International Congress of Meat Science & Technology
Clermont-Ferrand, France, 23–28 August 2015
Timothy Robinson
Catherine Pfeifer, Mario Herrero, Thomas van Boeckel & Marius Gilbert
2. Overview
• What we mean by sustainability
• Livestock sector trends and drivers
• Mapping livestock distributions and
production systems
• Livestock and livelihoods
• Livestock and the environment
• Livestock, health and nutrition
• Conclusions
3. What does sustainable mean?
Health
and nutrition
Equity and
growth
Climate and
natural
resource use
Livestock
production
10. GDP(US$bn) GDP growth in sub-Saharan Africa
Source: Standard Chartered Research 2011
Selected African countries
11. Drivers of change
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000
Per capita GDP (US$ PPP)
Percapitameatconsumpion(kg/year)
USA
Japan
China
India
USA
Japan
China
India
Per capita GDP (US$ ppp)
Percapitameatconsumption(kg/year)
2005
Source: FAO 2009
12. • Demographic and social drivers
• Population: + 32% or 9.6 billion people by 2050
• Income growth: + 2% per year by 2050
• Urbanization: 70% will live in cities by 2050
➜ Growth in demand for animal source foods
• + 70% by 2050
• + 200 million tonnes of meat
➜ Structural changes in the livestock sector
• Shift from ruminant to monogastric
• Intensification of production
➜ Impinges on global public goods
• Equity and growth
• Health and nutrition
• Climate and natural resource use
The changing livestock sector
13. • GLOBIUM: partial equilibrium model to
determine consumption, production,
prices and trade for different livestock
commodities
• Projections to 2050 were based on a
spectrum of Shared Socioeconomic
Pathways (SSPs)
African livestock futures
Source: Herrero et al. 2014
Socio-economic challenges for adaptation
Socio-economicchallengesformitigation
14. • 3 fold increase in milk consumption to 2050 – especially high
growth in East Africa
• 6-7 fold increase in consumption of pork and poultry meat
– especially high growth in West Africa
• Overall, poultry consumption exhibits the highest rates of
growth throughout SSA
• The consumption of meat from pigs and chickens will exceed
red meat consumption by 2030 in most sub-regions of SSA
• Smallholder mixed crop-livestock systems are, and will remain,
the main producers of ruminant products to 2050, under all
scenarios
• Under SSP1 a low trade deficit (10%) can be maintained to
2050
• Under SSP2 imports of milk and meat from monogastrics will
double in relation to production
• Any negative deviation (SSP3) would make African livestock
production largely uncompetitive – negative outcomes for
producers, consumers and continental food security
African livestock futures
Source: Herrero et al. 2014
Some key results
Africa’s food
importation bill
Total:
US$ 44 billion
Meat:
US$ 5 billion
Milk:
US$ 4 billion
15. Sustainable intensification
• Sustainable intensification will be key to
elicit a production response in most
regions of Africa
• Need to achieve rates of annual growth in
productivity of around 6% per year
Annual growth rates of livestock
production:
SSP1: Sustainability scenario > 5-6%
SSP2: Business as usual 2-3%
SSP3: Fragmentation scenario 1.5-2.5% ➜ Calls for an integrated, systems
approach to sustainable livestock
sector development
➜ Need reliable data and information
to guide policy
16. Distribution of cattle in Africa (2006)
Gridded Livestock of the World
Source: Robinson et al. 2014
17. Ruminant production systems (v5)
Livestock only – arid & semi-arid
Livestock only – humid & sub-humid
Livestock only – tropical highlands
Mixed rain-fed – arid & semi-arid
Mixed rain-fed – humid & sub-humid
Mixed rain-fed – tropical highlands
Mixed irrigated – arid & semi-arid
Mixed irrigated – humid & sub-humid
Mixed irrigated – tropical highlands
Urban areas
Other (forest)
Source: Robinson et al. 2011
18. Mapped based on
rural population
Difference
(total – extensive)
% backyard
% intensive
Monogastric production systems
Livestock
distribution
Extensive
production
Intensive
production
19. Chicken systems
Log per-capita GDP (US$/person/year)
From World Bank data
Proportionofextensivelyraisedchickens
Source: Gilbert et al. 2015
24. Source: Gerber et al. 2013
per unit of
edible
protein
Livestock emissions
25. Nutrition: the double-edged sword
Livestock are key to both sides
• Over one third of all adults across the
world – 1.46 billion people – are obese or
overweight
• Between 1980 and 2008, the numbers of
people affected in the developing world
more than tripled, from 250 million to
904 million
• We live in a world more than with
800 million hungry and 165 million
stunted children
• Animal-Source Foods provide 17%
of calories and 26% of protein
• Animal-Source Foods provide
valuable micronutrients to the
poor
26. • More than 2 billion are sickened each year from
the food they eat
• Millions more die from zoonotic diseases that
emerge from, or persist in, agricultural
ecosystems
• Diseases recently emerged from animals make up
25% of the infectious disease burden in least
developed countries and kill one in ten people
who live there
➜ We have proven agricultural interventions
which can tackle the diseases associated with
agriculture
➜ $25 billion invested in zoonotic disease control
would bring benefits worth $125 billion
Diseases related to livestock farming
Source: Grace 2012
27. Emerging infectious diseases
Source: Jones et al. 2008
Zoonoses from wildlife Zoonoses from non-wildlife
Drug-resistant pathogens Vector-borne pathogens
Global distribution of
relative risk of an EID event
28. Sources of antimicrobial resistance
Source: P. Huey (Science)
• Antimicrobial (ab)use in medicine
• Intensive livestock and aquaculture
• growth promotion
• prophylaxis and metaphylaxis
• Therapeutic use
• Natural phenomenon in environment
Aquaculture growth 1950-2010
29. Antimicrobial resistance
• AMR infections currently claim at
least 50,000 lives each year across
Europe and the USA alone
….. with many hundreds of
thousands more dying in other
areas of the world
• In 15 European countries more
than 10% of bloodstream
Staphylococcus aureus infections
are caused by methicillin-resistant
strains (MRSA)
….. closer to 50% in several of these
Source: O’Neill 2014
The O’Neill Report (2014)
36. Antimicrobial use in livestock
• Total consumption in the livestock
sector in 2010 estimated at 63,151
tons
• Global antimicrobial consumption will
rise by 67% by 2030
• It will nearly double in BRICS (Brazil,
Russia, India, China, and South Africa)
countries
38. Antimicrobial resistance
• The European Union banned the use of
antibiotics to boost animals' growth in 2006
• There is a ‘voluntary’ ban in the USA
…… Chick-fil-A, McDonalds and Costco
• Very difficult to regulate in the developing and
emerging economies
➜ Concerted action – multi-stakeholder
platforms
➜ Strengthen the evidence base linking
agricultural use to AMR in the medical sector
➜ Appropriate approaches in different settings
– poor countries may not have the
‘resilience’ or ‘capacity’ of Europe in
withstanding a blanket ban, for example
➜ This is a global issue and calls for a
coordinated, global response
39. In conclusion
• Rapid demand growth for Animal Source Foods in
Africa – especially milk, pork and poultry
• African production can only meet this demand,
avoiding a growing trade deficit, under a
sustainable growth scenario (SSP1)
• The required annual growth in productivity is
around 6% per year
• Sustainable intensification will be needed to
achieve this: equity – environment – health
• This calls for integrated, systems-based solutions
to guide sector development along a sustainable
pathway
• The need for action is urgent if African livestock
production is to meet its growing demand