Technologies to Improve Livestock Productivity in Drylands, Dr. Barbara Rischkowky, ICARDA
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Technologies to Improve Livestock Productivity in Drylands, Dr. Barbara Rischkowky, ICARDA
- 1. IFAD/ICARDA Knowledge Exchange Workshop, 26-29 October 2009 Knowledge and Technology Exchange for Enhanced Quality of IFAD/ICARDA Operations in the NENA region Technologies to improve livestock productivity in drylands Presented by Barbara Rischkowsky on behalf of ICARDA's Livestock Research Section
- 5. Effect of strategic feeding of urea-molasses feed mixtures on performance of ewes & lambs (Average of two years, 7 flocks in 3 villages) Strategic feeding of low cost balanced diets - example diet for dairy sheep in El Bab
- 7. Feeding technologies: feed blocks Partial/total replacement of concentrate feeds Tunisia Iraq Tunisia
- 8. Feeding technologies: feed blocks Partial replacement of concentrates - 20 % Difference in feeding cost 74 g 63 g Daily gain FB 0 FB 250 g 500 g Concentrate feed A d - l i b Ad-lib Straw
- 10. Urea-treated straw – a well known fully tested technology with a low adoption rate Feeding technologies – enhance the nutritive value of cereal crop residues
- 13. Integration of Cactus and fibrous feeds- example of a typical feeding calendar in arid Tunisia Alternative feed resources: spineless cactus
- 16. Fodder shrubs and trees – use in alley cropping
- 25. High-yielding forages identified: grasspea & vetch
- 26. Grain Straw 1 2-year average, 3 replicates High-yielding forages identified: grasspea & vetch
- 27. Demonstrating high yielding forages – field days
- 28. Participation in the fodder project 600 participating households in 13 villages
- 29. Testing and demonstrating forages in Syria – field days (IFAD research grant)
- 30. Testing and demonstrating forages in Syria – field days (IFAD research grant)
- 32. Multi-Purpose Pastoral Species Maintaining biodiversity - Characterization and Conservation
- 33. Perennial Legumes and Grasses Maintaining biodiversity - characterization and conservation
- 34. Shrub Plantations Alley Cropping Water Harvesting Techniques Land Scarification Direct Seeding Rehabilitation Techniques
- 35. Sustainable Development of Depressions in Pastoral Ecosystems Barley
- 36. Grazed Area
- 37. Protected Area in a depression
- 39. Percent Cover
- 40. Impact of resting technique on rangeland productivity of the communal rangelands of Chenini, Tunisia Introducing resting (no grazing) through CDP Indicators Free grazing Protected Plant cover (%) 38.7 52.4 Species richness (%) 22 52 Biomass production (kg DM/ha) 236 2135 Range value (FU/ha) 32 120
- 42. Livestock-related successful technologies in the M& M Project Barley & On-farm Feed Production Cactus & Fodder Shrubs By-products Feed Blocks Natural Pastures Enhancement & Rangeland Management People centered research Flock management
- 43. Major technologies used in M&M Communal management Improved rams Cactus Forage mixtures Elucidate the risk factors associated with these diseases Shrubs and fodder trees Reproduction (Use of sponges, ram effect) Feed blocks Vetch Identification of major animal diseases affecting livestock Resting, deferred grazing Early weaning Urea straw treatment Dual purpose barley Animal health management Rangeland improvement and management Flock management Alternative feed resources Improvement of on-farm feed production
- 44. Community based Rangeland Rehabilitation: Syrian Badia – GEF Project Milk processing facility Rangeland Rehabilitation Techniques Participatory-approach Small ruminants dipping facility
- 46. Thank you
- 49. Solutions to jointly overcome salting and other problems Rennetting Pre-pressing Under whey Cutting End product Cutting Second cut Molding Pasteurization 73°C/15sec Starter Ca Cl 2 Max 20g/100L Filtration Salting 8% solution Row milk Pressing salting
- 50. Shannon Wiener Diversity Index It combines two quantifiable measures; 1. the species richness S (the number of species in the community) 2. Abundance N (is the total number of individuals in the sample).
- 51. Impact of Atriplex plantation on the consumption of feed resources
- 52. Assessing the livestock technologies
- 53. High-yielding forages identified: cowpea
- 54. Grain Fodder 1 2-year average, 3 replicates High-yielding forages identified: cowpea
Editor's Notes
- CC predict increasing temperatures, more extreme weather events and partly less rainfall and decreased availability of irrigation water
- CC predict increasing temperatures, more extreme weather events and partly less rainfall and decreased availability of irrigation water
- In addition Sourness especially in worm weather. Texture defects like holes especially in worm weather. Defects in cheese firmness because of the processing of cold milk. Pressing
- The technologies introduced and developed within the M&M project include improved barley production, on-farm feed production, feed blocks, cactus and fodder shrubs, improved small ruminat production and pasture rehabilitation.
- Excessive salting is due to the need to store the cheese on room temperature for a maximum of 7 days that is the period the collectors will take to gather the products of a given area before taking to the market. Technically with low salting under the current storage condition, the cheese will in fact develop problems in sourness and wholes or ‘eyes’ in the cheese. Farmers did not vote for sourness as a problem but they did so in matters of texture that is associated with presence of wholes. However a too salty cheese will have a lower price.